Results for the Third Quarter of 2024 and Future Outlook:

• Net income attributable to Green Plains of $48.2 million, or EPS of $0.69 per diluted share, compared to net income attributable to Green Plains of $22.3 million, or $0.35 per diluted share, for the same period in 2023
• EBITDA of $83.3 million, inclusive of a $30.7 million gain on sale of assets
• Consolidated crush margin of $58.3 million in the third quarter
• Plant utilization rate of 97%, extending track record of strong and improving operations
• Achieved record high ethanol and Ultra-High Protein yields for the quarter, along with record renewable corn oil production
• Clean Sugar Technology™ facility in Shenandoah, Iowa has commenced production with samples sent to customers
• The Board of Directors continues to work with BMO Capital Markets Corp. and Moelis & Company on the strategic review process

Green Plains Inc. (NASDAQ:GPRE) (“Green Plains” or the “company”) today announced financial results for the third quarter of 2024. Net income attributable to the company was $48.2 million, or $0.69 per diluted share, compared to net income attributable to the company of $22.3 million, or $0.35 per diluted share, for the same period in 2023. Revenues were $658.7 million for the third quarter of 2024 compared with $892.8 million for the same period last year. EBITDA was $83.3 million compared with $52.0 million for the same period in the prior year.

“Our financial performance was strong this quarter, as our entire platform performed well, which is a testament to our ongoing focus on operational excellence,” said Todd Becker, President and Chief Executive Officer. “We continue to achieve higher ethanol production rates achieving a platform utilization rate of 97%, and we produced record levels of Ultra-High Protein and renewable corn oil. Our focus on operating more efficiently and consistently, paired with our proprietary technology deployments helped drive the improved cash flow generation we experienced in the third quarter.”

“We are increasingly confident about our ‘Advantage Nebraska’ strategy, and with the recent Class VI well approval in Wyoming we remain on track for second half of 2025 operation as we expect that construction of the compression facilities will commence in the coming weeks,” said Becker. “While we believe that our current share price does not reflect the value of our decarbonization opportunity at our well-positioned Nebraska assets, we are relentlessly focused on delivering on this strategy. Our 287 million gallons of capacity is on track to be decarbonized next year, well ahead of the vast majority of the industry, and we are evaluating potential expansions to leverage this opportunity.”

“We continue to increase and diversify our customer base for our high protein ingredients, both domestically and internationally,” said Becker. “Our focus is on growing market share in the higher value pet and international aquaculture markets, where we believe our products have a performance edge and command a premium. We delivered a production record of Ultra-high Protein in the quarter as yields continue to improve and we streamline the operations of our MSC facilities.”

“As we announced earlier this week, our first commercial-scale Clean Sugar Technology deployment in Shenandoah is operational with samples going to customers for evaluation,” added Becker. “Interest from prospective customers remains high as we can produce dextrose and glucose syrups with up to a 40% reduction in carbon intensity. We will continue to optimize the facility to produce greater quantities over the coming quarters and plan to apply our learnings from this construction and commissioning as we evaluate our next potential CST location.”

“Our financial position and liquidity are even stronger after the third quarter as we generated solid free cash from operations. Completing the sale of our unit train terminal in Birmingham, Alabama, enabled us to pay off higher-priced debt that remained from Green Plains Partners,” concluded Becker.

Highlights and Recent Developments

• Nebraska pipeline partner received their first Class VI Carbon Capture and Sequestration well permit in Wyoming
• On September 30, 2024, Birmingham BioEnergy Partners, LLC completed the sale of its unit train terminal in Birmingham, Ala. to Lincoln Birmingham, LLC. The proceeds of the sale were used to repay the outstanding balance of the Green Plains Partners term loan due July 20, 2026
• Clean Sugar Technology™ deployment in Shenandoah, Iowa is operational with samples sent to customers for evaluation

Results of Operations

Green Plains’ ethanol production segment sold 220.3 million gallons of ethanol during the third quarter of 2024, compared with 223.5 million gallons for the same period in 2023. The consolidated ethanol crush margin was $58.3 million for the third quarter of 2024, compared with $52.9 million for the same period in 2023. The consolidated ethanol crush margin is the ethanol production segment’s operating income before depreciation and amortization, which includes renewable corn oil and Ultra-High Protein, plus marketing and agribusiness fees, nonrecurring decommissioning costs, and nonethanol operating activities.

Consolidated revenues decreased $234.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared with the same period in 2023, primarily due to lower weighted average selling prices on ethanol, distillers grains and renewable corn oil, as well as lower volumes sold on ethanol and distillers grains within our ethanol production segment. Revenues were also lower within our agribusiness and energy services segment primarily due to lower weighted average ethanol trading prices.

Net income attributable to Green Plains increased $25.9 million and EBITDA increased $31.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared with the same period last year, primarily due to a gain on the sale of our Birmingham terminal and higher margins in our ethanol production segment. Interest expense increased $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared with the same period in 2023 primarily due to higher loan fees in connection with the repayment of the Green Plains Partners term loan. Income tax benefit, including income tax benefit from equity method investees, was $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared with income tax benefit of $7.8 million for the same period in 2023, primarily due to a decrease in the valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Segment Information

The company reports the financial and operating performance for the following two operating segments: (1) ethanol production, which includes the production, storage and transportation of ethanol, distillers grains, Ultra-High Protein and renewable corn oil and (2) agribusiness and energy services, which includes grain handling and storage, commodity marketing and merchant trading for company-produced and third-party ethanol, distillers grains, Ultra-High Protein, renewable corn oil, natural gas and other commodities.

As a result of the Merger, the partnership's operations are included in the ethanol production operating segment. The following changes were made to the company's operating segments:

• The revenue and operating results from fuel storage and transportation services previously disclosed within the partnership segment are now included within the ethanol production segment.
• Intersegment activities between the partnership and Green Plains Trade associated with ethanol storage and transportation services previously treated like third-party transactions and eliminated on a consolidated level are now eliminated within the ethanol production segment.

Intersegment activities between the partnership and Green Plains Trade associated with terminal services transacted with the agribusiness and energy services segment will continue to be eliminated on a consolidated level.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2024, Green Plains had $252.0 million in total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, and $228.5 million available under a committed revolving credit facility, which is subject to restrictions and other lending conditions. Total debt outstanding at September 30, 2024 was $556.2 million, including $123.1 million outstanding debt under working capital revolvers and other short-term borrowing arrangements.

Conference Call Information

On October 31, 2024, Green Plains Inc. will host a conference call at 9 a.m. Eastern time (8 a.m. Central time) to discuss third quarter 2024 operating results. Domestic and international participants can access the conference call by dialing 888.210.4215 and 646.960.0269, respectively, and referencing conference ID 5027523. Participants are advised to call at least 10 minutes prior to the start time. Alternatively, the conference call and presentation will be accessible on Green Plains’ website https://investor.gpreinc.com/events-and-presentations.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Management uses EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, segment EBITDA and consolidated ethanol crush margins to measure the company’s financial performance and to internally manage its businesses. EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization excluding the change in right-of-use assets and debt issuance costs. Adjusted EBITDA includes adjustments related to other income associated with the USDA COVID-19 relief grant, gain on asset dispositions, and our proportional share of EBITDA adjustments of our equity method investees. Management believes these measures provide useful information to investors for comparison with peer and other companies. These measures should not be considered alternatives to net income or segment operating income, which are determined in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). These non-GAAP calculations may vary from company to company. Accordingly, the company’s computation of adjusted EBITDA, segment EBITDA and consolidated ethanol crush margins may not be comparable with similarly titled measures of another company.

About Green Plains Inc.

Green Plains Inc. (NASDAQ:GPRE) is a leading biorefining company focused on the development and utilization of fermentation, agricultural and biological technologies in the processing of annually renewable crops into sustainable value-added ingredients. This includes the production of cleaner low carbon biofuels and renewable feedstocks for advanced biofuels. Green Plains is an innovative producer of Sequence™ and novel ingredients for animal and aquaculture diets to help satisfy a growing global appetite for sustainable protein. For more information, visit www.gpreinc.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

All statements in this press release (and oral statements made regarding the subjects of this communication), including those that express a belief, expectation or intention, may be considered forward-looking statements (as defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from projected results. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, forward-looking statements contained in this communication include statements relying on a number of assumptions concerning future events and are subject to a number of uncertainties and factors, many of which are outside the control of the company, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. The forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to the expected future growth, dividends and distributions; and plans and objectives of management for future operations. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “intend,” “expect,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “anticipate,” “could,” “estimate,” “plan,” “predict,” “project” and variations of these words or similar expressions (or the negative versions of such words or expressions). While the company believes that the assumptions concerning future events are reasonable, it cautions that there are inherent difficulties in predicting certain important factors that could impact the future performance or results of its business. Among the factors that could cause results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements are: the failure to realize the anticipated results from the new products being developed; the failure to realize the anticipated costs savings or other benefits of the merger; local, regional and national economic conditions and the impact they may have on the company and its customers; disruption caused by health epidemics, such as the COVID-19 outbreak; conditions in the ethanol and biofuels industry, including a sustained decrease in the level of supply or demand for ethanol and biofuels or a sustained decrease in the price of ethanol or biofuels; competition in the ethanol industry and other industries in which we operate; commodity market risks, including those that may result from weather conditions; the financial condition of the company’s customers; any non-performance by customers of their contractual obligations; changes in safety, health, environmental and other governmental policy and regulation, including changes to tax laws; risks related to acquisition and disposition activities and achieving anticipated results; risks associated with merchant trading; risks related to our equity method investees; the results of any reviews, investigations or other proceedings by government authorities; and the performance of the company.

The foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. The forward-looking statements in this press release speak only as of the date they are made and the company assumes no obligation and does not intend to update or revise these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by securities and other applicable laws. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and assumptions about future events. While the company’s management considers these expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the company’s control. These risks, contingencies and uncertainties relate to, among other matters, the risks and uncertainties set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and any subsequent reports filed by the company with the SEC. These filings identify and address other important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events and results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements.

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