Form 20-F
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2010

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 20-F

 

 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009

Commission file number 001-15266

 

 

BANCO DE CHILE

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

BANK OF CHILE

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

REPUBLIC OF CHILE

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

 

Banco de Chile

Paseo Ahumada 251

Santiago, Chile

(562) 637-1111

(Address of principal executive offices)

Pedro Samhan E.

Banco de Chile

Paseo Ahumada 251

Santiago, Chile

Telephone: (562) 653-5150

Facsimile: (562) 653-5156

(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)

 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

American Depositary Shares, each representing 600 shares

of common stock, without nominal (par) value (“ADSs”)

 

Shares of common stock, without nominal

(par) value

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

 

New York Stock Exchange

(for listing purposes only)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

(Title of Class)

 

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

Shares of common stock: 82,551,699,423

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x                    Accelerated filer  ¨                    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP  ¨                     IFRS  x                     Other  ¨

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.    ¨  Item 17    ¨  Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page
PART I
Item 1.    Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors    2
Item 2.    Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable    2
Item 3.    Key Information    3
Item 4.    Information on the Company    16
Item 4A.    Unresolved Staff Comments    83
Item 5.    Operating and Financial Review and Prospects    84
Item 6.    Directors, Senior Management and Employees    113
Item 7.    Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions    129
Item 8.    Financial Information    133
Item 9.    The Offer and Listing    136
Item 10.    Additional Information    139
Item 11.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    156
Item 12.    Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities    156
Item 12A.    Debt Securities    156
Item 12B.    Warrants and Rights    156
Item 12C.    Other Securities    156
Item 12D.    American Depositary Shares    156
PART II
Item 13.    Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies    157
Item 14.    Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds    157
Item 15.    Controls and Procedures    158
Item 16.    [Reserved]    159
Item 16A.    Audit Committee Financial Expert    159
Item 16B.    Code of Ethics    159
Item 16C.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services    159
Item 16D.    Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees    160
Item 16E.    Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers    160
Item 16F.    Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant    160
Item 16G.    Corporate Governance    160
PART III
Item 17.    Financial Statements    162
Item 18.    Financial Statements    162
Item 19.    Exhibits    163
Index to Financial Statements    F-1

 

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THE MERGER

On January 1, 2008, Banco de Chile merged with Citibank Chile in a transaction in which Banco de Chile was the surviving corporate entity. As used in this annual report, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Banco de Chile” relating to any date or period prior to January 1, 2008 (the effective date of the merger) are to Banco de Chile as it existed prior to the consummation of the merger, and such references relating to any date or period on or after January 1, 2008 are to Banco de Chile after the consummation of the merger.

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

We prepare our audited consolidated financial statements in Chilean pesos and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). References in this annual report to IFRS mean IFRS as issued by the IASB. These are our first annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS.

Until and including our consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2008, we prepared our audited consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Chile as supplemented by the applicable rules of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions (“Chilean GAAP”), with reconciliations to U.S. GAAP. As required by IFRS 1—First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards—the Bank’s financial position and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 have been restated in accordance with IFRS. Reconciliations and description of the transition to IFRS, and the effects on equity and net income are presented in Note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Unless otherwise indicated, the financial information included in this annual report with respect to 2008 and 2009 has been derived from financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. IFRS differs in certain significant respects from Chilean GAAP. As a result, our financial information presented under IFRS is not directly comparable to our financial information presented under Chilean GAAP. Accordingly, readers should avoid such comparison.

Following our adoption of IFRS, we are no longer required to reconcile our financial statements to U.S. GAAP.

In this annual report, references to “$,” “U.S.$,” “U.S. dollars” and “dollars” are to United States dollars, references to “pesos” or “Ch$” are to Chilean pesos, and references to “UF” are to “Unidades de Fomento.” The UF is an inflation-indexed Chilean monetary unit of account with a value in Chilean pesos that is linked to and adjusted daily to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index of the Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, or the Chilean National Statistics Institute. As of December 31, 2009, one UF equaled U.S.$41.35 and Ch$20,942.88. See Note 2(f) to our audited consolidated financial statements. Percentages and certain dollar and peso amounts contained in this annual report have been rounded for ease of presentation.

This annual report contains translations of certain Chilean peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for your convenience. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Chilean peso amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts, were converted from U.S. dollars at the rate indicated in preparing our audited consolidated financial statements or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, such U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Chilean pesos based on the observed exchange rate, as described in “Item 3. Key Information—Selected Financial Data—Exchange Rates,” reported by the Banco Central de Chile, or the Central Bank of Chile (the “Central Bank”), for December 30, 2009 (the latest practicable date, as December 31, 2009 was a banking holiday in Chile). The observed exchange rate on June 18, 2010 was Ch$530.36 = U.S.$1.00. The rate reported by the Central Bank is based on the rate for the prior business day in Chile and is the exchange rate specified by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions (the “Chilean Superintendency of Banks”) to be used by Chilean banks in the preparation of their financial statements. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Chilean pesos.

 

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Unless otherwise specified, all references in this annual report to total loans are to loans to customers before deduction of allowances for loan losses, and they do not include loans to banks or contingent loans. In addition, all market share data presented in this annual report are based on information published periodically by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, which is published under Chilean GAAP. Non-performing loans include loans as to which either principal or interest is overdue. Past-due loans include, with respect to any loan, the portion of principal or interest that is 90 or more days overdue. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Classification of Loan Portfolio Based on the Borrower’s Payment Performance.”

Certain figures included in this annual report and in our audited consolidated financial statements have been rounded for ease of presentation. Percentage figures included in this annual report have not in all cases been calculated on the basis of such rounded figures but on the basis of such amounts prior to rounding. For this reason, percentage amounts in this annual report may vary slightly from those obtained by performing the same calculations using the figures in our audited consolidated financial statements. Certain other amounts that appear in this annual report may similarly not sum due to rounding.

This annual report considers that regulatory capital (“Regulatory Capital”) consists of:

 

   

basic capital, which is composed of the Bank’s paid-in capital, reserves and retained earnings, excluding capital attributable to subsidiaries and foreign branches (“Basic Capital”); and

 

   

supplementary capital, which is composed of the following:

 

  - the Bank’s subordinated bonds, considered at issue price (reduced 20.0% for each year during the period commencing six years prior to maturity), but not exceeding 50.0% of its Basic Capital; plus

 

  - the Bank’s voluntary allowances for loan losses, up to 1.25% of risk-weighted assets to the extent voluntary allowances exceed those that banks are required to maintain by law or regulation; minus

 

  - the Bank’s goodwill and the unconsolidated investments in companies.

MACRO-ECONOMIC AND MARKET DATA

In this annual report, all macro-economic data relating to the Chilean economy is based on information published by the Central Bank. All market share and other data relating to the Chilean financial system are based on information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

PART I

 

Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors

Not Applicable.

 

Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable

Not Applicable.

 

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Item 3. Key Information

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables present historical financial information about us as of the dates and for each of the periods indicated. The following tables should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this annual report. The financial information as of January 1, 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 is presented under IFRS.

Our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009. In addition, our consolidated statement of financial position data as of January 1, 2008 has also been prepared in accordance with IFRS. Prior to January 1, 2008 the bank prepared its audited consolidated financial statements in accordance with Chilean GAAP. Reconciliations and description of the transition to IFRS, and the effects on equity and net income are presented in Note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

     At or for the year ended December 31,  
     2008     2009     2009  
    

(in millions of Ch$,

except share data)

    (in thousands
of U.S.$)
 

IFRS:

      

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME DATA

      

Interest revenue

   Ch$ 1,659,350      Ch$ 900,407      U.S.$ 1,777,949   

Interest expense

     (893,081     (232,028     (458,164
                        

Net interest income

     766,269        668,379        1,319,785   

Net fees and commissions income

     235,189        251,216        496,052   

Net financial operating income

     384,836        (138,179     (272,849

Foreign exchange transactions, net

     (353,012     220,999        436,386   

Other operating income

     30,937        22,190        43,816   

Provisions for loan losses

     (149,374     (241,345     (476,561

Total operating expenses

     (556,501     (481,965     (951,690

Income attributable to associates

     3,564        840        1,659   
                        

Income before income taxes

     361,908        302,135        596,598   

Income taxes

     (35,313     (40,389     (79,753
                        

Net income from continued operations, net of taxes

     326,595        261,746        516,845   

Net income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

     38,459        —          —     
                        

Net income for the year

     365,054        261,746        516,845   

Attributable to:

      

Equity holders of the parent

     365,052        261,744        516,841   

Non-controlling interest

     2        2        4   

Earnings per share(1)

     4.52        3.18        0.006   

Dividends per share(2)

     3.37        2.72        0.005   

Weighted average number of shares (in millions)

     80,746.98        82,185.28        —     

 

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     As of January 1,    At or for the year ended December 31,
     2008    2008    2009    2009
     (in millions of Ch$, except share data)    (in thousands
of U.S.$)

IFRS:

           

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

           

Cash and due from banks

   Ch$ 331,517    Ch$ 751,223    Ch$ 727,553    U.S.$ 1,436,631

Transactions in the course of collection

     542,579      807,625      526,051      1,038,744

Financial assets held-for-trading

     928,634      626,864      351,590      694,252

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

     69,130      75,519      79,401      156,786

Derivative instruments

     81,048      902,351      565,986      1,117,600

Loans and advances to banks

     278,591      321,992      448,981      886,561

Loans to customers, net

     10,424,603      13,460,464      12,879,155      25,431,264

Financial assets available-for-sale

     1,062      1,073,552      1,267,774      2,503,355

Investments in other companies

     7,942      11,293      10,494      20,722

Intangible assets

     25,520      94,324      88,182      174,125

Property and equipment

     199,403      211,379      205,847      406,467

Investment properties

     16,459      18,397      17,840      35,227

Current tax assets

     —        —        —        —  

Deferred tax assets, net

     16,033      21,868      49,733      98,203

Assets classified as held-for-sale

     413,062      —        —        —  

Other assets

     449,798      251,487      282,872      558,561
                           

Total assets

     13,785,381      18,628,338      17,501,459      34,558,498
                           

Current accounts and other demand deposits

     2,285,357      3,007,261      3,718,076      7,341,737

Transactions in the course of payment

     308,623      479,789      325,056      641,858

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

     355,183      420,658      308,028      608,234

Saving accounts and time deposits

     6,393,113      8,472,590      7,427,481      14,666,353

Derivative instruments

     120,162      863,514      538,240      1,062,812

Borrowings from financial institutions

     857,329      1,498,549      1,368,226      2,701,708

Debt issued

     1,615,927      1,900,087      1,587,998      3,135,671

Other financial obligations

     63,041      93,708      176,150      347,827

Currents tax liabilities

     5,922      9,053      39,018      77,045

Deferred tax liabilities, net

     —        —        —        —  

Provisions

     79,090      121,215      88,607      174,964

Employee benefits

     34,991      45,912      43,202      85,307

Liabilities classified as held-for-sale

     385,408      —        —        —  

Other liabilities

     228,656      210,684      280,392      553,668
                           

Total liabilities

     12,732,802      17,123,020      15,900,474      31,397,184
                           

Total equity

   Ch$ 1,052,579    Ch$ 1,505,318    Ch$ 1,600,985    U.S.$ 3,161,314
                           

 

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      As of January 1,    At or for the year ended
December 31,
 
     2008    2008     2009  

IFRS:

       

CONSOLIDATED RATIOS

       

Profitability and Performance

       

Net interest margin(3)

   —      5.11   4.32

Return on average total assets(4)

   —      2.18      1.51   

Return on average equity(5)

   —      24.45      16.85   

Capital

       

Average equity as a percentage of average total assets

   —      8.93      8.99   

Bank regulatory capital as a percentage of minimum regulatory capital

   183.60    192.01      234.93   

Ratio of liabilities to regulatory capital(6)

   15.71    15.02      11.87   

Credit Quality

       

Substandard loans as a percentage of total loans(7)

   3.67    4.96      5.80   

Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of substandard loans(7)

   33.46    33.14      40.76   

Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of total loans

   1.23    1.64      2.37   

Consolidated risk index

   1.23    1.64      2.37   

Operating Ratios

       

Operating expenses/operating revenue

   —      52.29      47.04   

Operating expenses/average total assets

   —      3.33      2.79   

 

(1) Earnings per share data have been calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.
(2) Dividends per share data are calculated by dividing the amount of the dividend paid during each year by the previous year’s number of shares outstanding.
(3) Net interest income divided by average interest earning assets. The average balances for interest earning assets, including interest and readjustments, have been calculated on the basis of our daily balances and on the basis of monthly balances for our subsidiaries.
(4) Net income (loss) divided by average total assets. The average balances for total assets have been calculated on the basis of our daily balances and on the basis of monthly balances for our subsidiaries.
(5) Net income (loss) divided by average equity. The average balances for equity have been calculated on the basis of our daily balances.
(6) Total liabilities divided by bank regulatory capital.
(7) See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Analysis of Substandard Loans and Amounts Past Due.”

 

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Exchange Rates

As a general matter, prior to 1989, Chilean law permitted the purchase and sale of foreign exchange only in those cases explicitly authorized by the Central Bank. The Ley Orgánica Constitucional del Banco Central de Chile 18.840, or the Central Bank Act, liberalized the rules that govern the purchase and sale of foreign currency. The Central Bank Act empowers the Central Bank to determine that certain purchases and sales of foreign currency specified by law must be carried out in the Mercado Cambiario Formal, or the Formal Exchange Market. The Formal Exchange Market is formed by the banks and other entities so authorized by the Central Bank. The observed exchange rate for any given day equals the average exchange rate of the transactions conducted in the Formal Exchange Market on the immediately preceding banking day, as certified by the Central Bank. Even though the Central Bank is authorized to carry out its transactions at the rates it sets, it generally uses the spot rate for its transactions. Authorized transactions by other banks are generally carried out at the spot rate.

Purchases and sales of foreign exchange that may be effected outside the Formal Exchange Market can be carried out in the Mercado Cambiario Informal, or the Informal Exchange Market. There are no limits imposed on the extent to which the exchange rate in the Informal Exchange Market can fluctuate above or below the observed exchange rate. On December 30, 2009 (the latest practicable date as December 31 was a banking holiday in Chile), the average exchange rate in the Informal Exchange Market was Ch$507.50 per U.S.$1.00, or 0.21% higher than the observed exchange rate of Ch$506.43 per U.S.$1.00 published by the Central Bank.

The following table sets forth the annual low, high, average and period-end observed exchange rate for U.S. dollars for each year beginning in 2005, as reported by the Central Bank:

 

     Daily Observed Exchange Rate Ch$ per U.S.$(1)

Year

   Low(2)    High(2)    Average(3)    Period End(4)

2005

   Ch$ 509.70    Ch$ 592.75    Ch$ 559.77    Ch$ 514.21

2006

     511.44      549.63      530.28      534.43

2007

     493.14      548.67      522.47      495.82

2008

     431.22      676.75      522.46      629.11

2009

     491.09      643.87      559.61      506.43

December

     494.82      508.75      501.45      506.43

2010

           

January

     489.47      531.75      500.66      531.75

February

     523.10      546.18      532.56      529.69

March

     508.66      533.87      523.16      526.29

April

     514.91      527.38      520.62      524.86

May

     517.23      549.17      533.21      529.23

June(5)

     530.36      548.16      536.99      530.36

 

Source: Central Bank.

(1) Nominal amounts.
(2) Exchange rates are the actual low and high, on a day-by-day basis for each period.
(3) The average of monthly average rates during the year.
(4) As reported by the Central Bank the first business day of the following period.
(5) Period from June 1, 2010 through June 18, 2010.

The observed exchange rate on June 18, 2010 was Ch$530.36 = U.S.$1.00. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for Chilean pesos.

 

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RISK FACTORS

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we do not know about or that we currently think are immaterial may also impair our business operations. Any of the following risks if they actually occur, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, prospects and financial condition.

We are subject to market risks that are presented both in this subsection and in Note 45 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Risks Relating to our Operations and the Banking Industry

The growth of our loan portfolio may expose us to increased loan losses.

During the last five years, our total loan portfolio has experienced a significant increase, which has been primarily fueled by the increase shown by our commercial and mortgage loan portfolio, and, to a lesser extent, by the growth in our consumer loan portfolio. Expansion of our loan portfolio (especially those related to the retail market) may expose us to a higher level of loan losses and require us to establish higher levels of allowances for loan losses. For the year ended December 31, 2009, our total allowances for loan losses accounted for Ch$312,101 million, or 2.37% of our total loans, as compared to 1.64% in 2008.

Our loan portfolio may not continue to grow at the same or similar rate.

We cannot assure you that our loan portfolio will continue to grow at historical rates. The Chilean banking system’s loan portfolio has shown a significant increase over the last five years, which has been prompted by the banking system’s efforts to increase the offer of products to its customers, as well as by the good conditions experienced by the Chilean economy over the last decade. However, a slowdown or negative growth rate of the Chilean economy could adversely affect the growth rate of our loan portfolio and our credit quality indicators and, accordingly, increase our required allowances for loan losses. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulation and Supervision” and “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information.”

Restrictions imposed by banking regulations may restrict our operations and thereby adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to regulation by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. In addition, we are subject to regulation by the Central Bank with respect to certain matters, including interest rates and foreign exchange transactions. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Regulation and Supervision.” During the Chilean financial crisis of 1982 and 1983, the Central Bank and the Chilean Superintendency of Banks strictly controlled the funding, lending and general business matters of the Chilean banking industry.

Pursuant to the Ley General de Bancos, or the General Banking Law, all Chilean banks may, subject to the approval of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, engage in additional businesses depending on the risk of the activity and the strength of the bank. The General Banking Law also applies to the Chilean banking system a modified version of the capital adequacy guidelines issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Regulation and Supervisory Practices, or Basel Committee, and limits the discretion of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks to deny new banking licenses. There can be no assurance that regulators will not impose more restrictive limitations in the future on the activities of banks, including us, than those that are currently in effect. Any such change could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

 

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Increased competition and industry consolidation may adversely affect our operations.

The Chilean market for financial services is highly competitive. We compete with other Chilean and foreign banks, with Banco del Estado de Chile, a public sector bank, and with large department stores that make consumer loans to a large portion of the Chilean population, especially to low and middle-income segments. In 2002, two new private sector banks affiliated with Chile’s largest department stores began their operations, mainly as consumer and medium-sized corporate niche banks. In 2003, a new niche bank oriented at servicing corporations began its operations, and in 2004, two new retail banks commenced operations. The retail market (comprising individuals and small and medium-sized companies) has become the target market of several banks, and competition with respect to these customers is continuously increasing. As a result, net interest margins (after credit risk) in these sub-segments are likely to decline over time.

We also face competition from non-bank competitors with respect to some of our credit products, such as credit cards and consumer loans. Competition from non-banking companies like large department stores, private compensation funds and savings, as well as credit cooperatives, has become increasingly significant in the consumer lending sector. In addition, we face competition from other types of competitors, such as leasing, factoring and automobile financing companies (especially in credit products), as well as mutual funds, pension funds and insurance companies, within the market for savings products and mortgage loans. Currently, banks continue to be the main suppliers of leasing, factoring and mutual funds, and the insurance sales business has experienced rapid growth, but we cannot assure you that this trend will continue in the future. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Competition.”

The increase in competition within the Chilean banking industry in recent years has led to, among other things, consolidation in the industry. For example, on August 1, 2002, Banco Santiago and Banco Santander-Chile, at that time the second and third largest banks in Chile, respectively, merged to create Chile’s largest bank. In 2003, Banco del Desarrollo merged with Banco Sudamericano; in 2004, Banco Security merged with Dresdner Banque Nationale de Paris; in 2005, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones merged with Banco Conosur; in 2007, Banco Itaú acquired Bank Boston unit in Chile, while Rabobank acquired HNS Bank and Scotiabank acquired Banco del Desarrollo; in 2008, we merged with Citibank Chile and The Royal Bank of Scotland acquired ABN Amro Bank; and in 2009, Banco Monex was acquired by Consorcio Group. We expect trends of increased competition and consolidation to continue, resulting in the creation of new large financial groups. Consolidation, which can result in the creation of larger and stronger banks, may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations by decreasing the net interest margins we are able to generate.

Our exposure to certain segments of the retail market could lead to higher levels of past-due loans and subsequent charge-offs.

Although we historically focused on banking for the wholesale market and high-income individuals, an increasing proportion of our retail market consists of small and medium-sized companies (approximately 6.2% of the value of our total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2009, including companies with annual sales of up to Ch$1,400 million) and, to a lesser extent, of lower-income individuals (approximately 4.5% of our total loan portfolio at December 31, 2009, including individuals with monthly incomes between Ch$170,000 and Ch$400,000). Our strategy includes increasing lending and providing other services to attract additional retail customers. These customers are likely to be more severely affected by adverse developments in the Chilean economy than large corporations and high-income individuals. Consequently, in the future we may experience higher levels of past-due loans, which could result in higher allowances for loan losses. The levels of past-due loans and subsequent write-offs may be materially higher in the future. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Principal Business Activities.”

 

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Our affiliate may be obligated to sell shares of our stock in the public market if we do not pay sufficient dividends.

As of December 31, 2009, Sociedad Administradora de la Obligacion Subordinada S.A., or SAOS, our affiliate, holds 34.64% of our shares as a consequence of our 1996 reorganization. This reorganization was due in part to our 1989 repurchase from the Central Bank of certain non-performing loans that we had previously sold to the Central Bank and later exchanged for subordinated debt without a fixed term. Under the terms of a repayment obligation in favor of the Central Bank that SAOS assumed to replace the Central Bank subordinated debt, SAOS may be required to sell some of our shares to the public. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Bank—History—The 1982-1983 Economic Crisis and the Central Bank Subordinated Debt.”

In exchange for assuming the Central Bank indebtedness, SAOS received from SM-Chile S.A.(“SM-Chile”), a holding company that controls us and SAOS, 63.6% of our shares as collateral for this indebtedness. As a result of our merger with Banco de A. Edwards, the percentage of our shares held by SAOS decreased to 42.0%. As a result of the capital increase agreed upon in the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held in May 2007, the share dividend paid in May 2006, May 2007 and June 2009, and the merger with Citibank Chile in January 2008, the percentage of our shares held by SAOS further decreased to 34.64%. Dividends received from us are the sole source of SAOS’s revenue, which it must apply to repay this indebtedness. However, under SAOS’s agreement with the Central Bank, we have no obligation to distribute dividends to our shareholders. To the extent distributed dividends are not sufficient to pay the amount due on this indebtedness, SAOS is permitted to maintain a cumulative deficit balance with the Central Bank that SAOS commits to pay with future dividends. If the cumulative deficit balance exceeds an amount equal to 20% of our capital and reserves, the Central Bank may require SAOS to sell a sufficient number of shares of our stock owned by SAOS to pay the entire accumulated deficit amount. As of April 30, 2010, SAOS maintained a surplus with the Central Bank of Ch$126,321 million, equivalent to 9.67% of our paid-in capital and reserves. As of the same date, Ch$261,302 million would have represented 20% of our capital and reserves under Chilean GAAP as required by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. If from time to time in the future our shareholders decide to retain and capitalize all or part of our annual net income in order to finance our future growth, and to distribute stock dividends among our shareholders, the Central Bank may require us to pay the portion of the net income corresponding to shares owned by SAOS in cash to SAOS. If we distribute stock dividends and the Central Bank does not require us to pay that portion in cash, the shares received by SAOS must be sold by SAOS within the following 12 months. The shareholders of SM-Chile will have a right of first refusal with respect to that sale.

We are unable to determine the likelihood that the Central Bank would require SAOS to sell shares of our common stock or that SAOS will otherwise be required to sell any stock dividends distributed by us, nor can we determine the number of such shares SAOS may be required to sell. If SAOS is required to sell shares of our stock in the public market, that sale could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our stock.

The results of our operations are affected by inflation and interest rate volatility.

The results of our operations depend to a great extent on our net interest income, which represented 65% of our operating revenue in 2009. Changes in inflation and in nominal interest rates could affect the interest rates earned on our interest-earning assets differently from the interest rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities, resulting in a reduction in our net income. Inflation and interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors beyond our control, including the Central Bank’s monetary policy, deregulation of the Chilean financial sector, domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors. Any volatility in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. The average inflation rate was 4.39% in 2007 and 8.71% in 2008 and the average deflation rate was 1.48% in 2009. The average annual short-term nominal interest rate (based on the rate paid by Chilean financial institutions) for 90 to 360 day deposits was 3.98% in 2007, 5.38% in 2008 and 2.19% in 2009. The average long-term nominal interest rate based on the interest rate of the Central Bank’s five-year bonds was 5.85% in 2007, 6.89% in 2008 and 4.55% in 2009. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Overview—Inflation” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Overview—Interest Rates.”

 

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Operational problems or errors can have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As all large financial institutions, we are exposed to many operational risks, including the risk of fraud by employees and outsiders, failure to obtain proper internal authorizations, failure to properly document transactions, equipment failures and errors by employees. Although we maintain a system of operational controls and comprehensive contingency plans, there can be no assurance that operational problems or errors will not occur and that their occurrence will not have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Request from Spanish Court to Chilean Judicial Authorities

On October 26, 2009, the Central Court of Instruction Number 5 of the National Court of Spain (Juzgado Central de Instrucción No. 5 de la Audiencia Nacional de Madrid) in Madrid, Spain (the “Spanish Court”), issued a letter rogatory to the Chilean judicial authorities notifying them that a lawsuit pending before the Spanish Court had been amended to add causes of action concerning concealment of assets and money laundering against Mr. Pablo Granifo Lavin (President of Banco de Chile), Mr. Hernán Donoso Lira (former Manager of the New York Branch of Banco de Chile) and against Banco de Chile, Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. and Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., the latter three of which bear subsidiary civil liability. The letter rogatory, among other procedures, also required a joint guarantee (fianza solidaria) from those charged in the amount of US $77,348,374 and allowed for the attachment of assets for up to US$103,131,165, should the criminal defendants or the subsidiaries bearing civil liability not grant the mentioned joint guarantee.

On April 29, 2010, the Supreme Court of Chile did not grant the requests contained in the letter rogatory given that the subject matter of the investigation by the Spanish Court is currently pending before a Chilean tribunal that has jurisdiction and competence over these matters. This judicial investigation is currently underway in Chile and at the time of filing of this annual report no grounded presumptions of criminal participation of people affiliated with Banco de Chile have been established.

It is not possible to predict the outcome of these proceedings, or what impact, if any, they might have on the Bank.

Risks Relating to our ADSs

Our principal shareholders may have interests that differ from those of our other shareholders and their significant share ownership may have an adverse effect on the future market price of our ADSs and shares.

As of June 15, 2010, LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A., a holding company beneficially owned by Quiñenco S.A., and Citigroup Chile S.A. beneficially owned approximately 61.7% of our outstanding voting rights. These principal shareholders are in a position to elect a majority of the members of our Board of Directors, direct our management and control substantially all matters that are to be decided by a vote of the shareholders, including fundamental corporate transactions.

Actions by our principal shareholders with respect to the disposition of the shares or ADSs they beneficially own, or the perception that such actions may occur, may adversely affect the trading price of our shares on the various stock exchanges on which they are listed and, consequently, the market price of the ADSs.

 

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There may be a lack of liquidity and a limited market for our shares and ADSs.

While our ADSs have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, since the first quarter of 2002, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for our ADSs will be sustained. During 2009, a daily average of 11,521 American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, were traded on the NYSE. Although our shares are traded on the Santiago Stock Exchange, the Valparaiso Stock Exchange and the Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange, the market for our shares in Chile is small and illiquid. At December 31, 2009, approximately 12.10% of our outstanding shares were held by shareholders other than our principal shareholders, including SM-Chile and SAOS.

If an ADS holder withdraws the underlying shares from the ADR facility, the small size of the market and its low liquidity in general, and our concentrated ownership in particular, may impair the ability of the ADS holder to sell the shares in the Chilean market in the amount and at the price and time such holder desires, and could increase the volatility of the price of our ADSs.

You may be unable to exercise preemptive rights.

The Ley Sobre Sociedades Anonimas No. 18,046 and the Reglamento de Sociedades Anonimas, or the Chilean Corporations Law and its regulations, require that whenever we issue new common stock for cash, we grant preemptive rights to all of our shareholders (including holders of ADSs) to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage. Such an offering would not be possible unless a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, were effective with respect to such rights and common stock or an exemption from the registration requirements thereunder were available.

We may elect not to make a registration statement available with respect to the preemptive rights and the common stock, in which case you may not be able to exercise your preemptive rights. If a registration statement is not filed, the depositary will sell such holders’ preemptive rights and distribute the proceeds thereof if a premium can be recognized over the cost of any such sale.

Developments in international financial markets may adversely affect the market price of the ADSs and shares.

The market price of the ADSs and shares may be adversely affected by declines in the international financial markets and adverse world economic conditions. The market for Chilean securities is, to varying degrees, influenced by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries, especially those in Latin America. Although economic conditions are different in each country, investors’ reactions to developments in one country can affect the securities markets in other countries, including Chile. Developments in other countries may adversely affect the market price of the ADSs and shares.

In particular, since August 2007 to date, there has been significant volatility in worldwide financial markets due to the announcement, by several U.S. banks and financial institutions, of significant write-downs related to their exposure to mortgage-backed securities and other financial instruments. Although we, and our subsidiaries, are not directly exposed to the U.S. housing credit market and do not directly hold any assets related to such financial instruments, these write-downs, combined with other factors, led to a tightening in the credit markets and to a downturn in the U.S. economy, which impacted the Chilean economy towards the end of 2008 and at the beginning of 2009. We cannot assure you that any future developments in international markets could not affect our results of operations and consequently the market price of our ADSs and shares.

 

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In the past, Chile has imposed controls on foreign investment and repatriation of investments that affected investments in, and earnings from, our ADSs.

Equity investments in Chile by persons who are not Chilean residents have historically been subject to various exchange control regulations that restrict the repatriation of the investments and earnings therefrom. In April 2001, the Central Bank eliminated most of the regulations that affected foreign investors, although foreign investors still have to provide the Central Bank with information related to equity investments and must conduct such operations within the Formal Exchange Market. Additional Chilean restrictions applicable to holders of our ADSs, the disposition of the shares underlying them, the repatriation of the proceeds from such disposition or the payment of dividends may be imposed in the future, and we cannot advise you as to the duration or impact of such restrictions if imposed.

If for any reason, including changes in Chilean law, the depositary were unable to convert Chilean pesos to U.S. dollars, investors would receive dividends and other distributions, if any, in Chilean pesos.

We are required to withhold 35% tax from any dividend we pay to you.

ADSs owners are entitled to receive dividends on the underlying shares to the same extent as the holders of shares. Dividends received by ADSs owners will be paid net of foreign currency exchange fees and expenses of the depositary and will be subject to Chilean withholding tax of up to 35% of the dividend, which we will withhold and pay to the Chilean tax authorities. Any dividend distributions made in property (other than common stock) will be subject to the same Chilean tax rules as cash dividends. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Taxation—Chilean Tax Considerations.”

Risks Relating to Chile

Our growth and profitability depend on the level of economic activity in Chile.

A substantial number of the transactions in which we participate are with customers doing business in Chile. Accordingly, our ability to increase business volume and our results of operations and enhance our financial condition, in general, is dependent to a significant extent on the level of economic activity in Chile. The global financial crisis, which affected the Chilean economy during 2009, also impacted the domestic financial system, due to the deteriorated credit quality of the financial system’s loan portfolio. We cannot assure you that the Chilean economy will continue to grow in the future or that future developments in, or affecting, the Chilean economy will not materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Currency fluctuations could adversely affect the value of our ADSs and any distributions on the ADSs.

The Chilean Government’s economic policies and any future changes in the value of the Chilean peso against the U.S. dollar could affect the dollar value of our common stock and our ADSs. The peso has been subject to large fluctuations in the past and could continue with this trend in the future. In the period from December 31, 2008 to December 31, 2009, the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the Chilean peso decreased by approximately 19.5%, as compared to the 26.9% increase in value in the period from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 2008.

Chilean trading in the shares underlying our ADSs is conducted in pesos. Cash distributions with respect to our shares of common stock are received in Chilean pesos by the depositary, which then converts such amounts to U.S. dollars at the then-prevailing exchange rate for the purpose of making payments in respect of our ADSs. If the value of the Chilean peso falls relative to the U.S. dollar, the dollar value of our ADSs and any distributions to be received from the depositary will be reduced. In addition, the depositary will incur customary currency conversion costs (to be borne by the holders of our ADSs) in connection with the conversion and subsequent distribution of dividends or other payments. See “Item 10. Additional Information—Exchange Controls.”

 

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Our results of operations may be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates between the peso and the U.S. dollar despite our policy and Chilean regulations related to the general avoidance of material exchange rate mismatches. In order to reduce the effect of exchange rate mismatches we enter into foreign exchange derivative transactions. As of December 31, 2009, our foreign currency denominated liabilities and Chilean peso denominated liabilities, which contain repayment terms linked to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, exceeded our foreign currency denominated assets and Chilean peso-denominated assets, which contain repayment terms linked to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, by Ch$2,373 million, or 0.2% of our paid-in capital and reserves.

We may decide to change our policy regarding exchange rate mismatches. Regulations that limit such mismatches may also be amended or eliminated. Greater exchange rate mismatches will increase our exposure to the devaluation of the peso, and any such devaluation may impair our capacity to service foreign-currency obligations and may, therefore, materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Notwithstanding the existence of general policies and regulations that limit material exchange rate mismatches, the economic policies of the Chilean Government and any future fluctuations of the peso against the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Inflation could adversely affect the value of our ADSs and financial condition and results of operations.

The level of inflation generally has moderated in recent years, especially in comparison to the periods of higher inflation in the 1980s and 1990s. High levels of inflation in Chile could adversely affect the Chilean economy and, indirectly, both our results of operations and the value of our ADSs. The annual rate of inflation (as measured by changes in the Consumer Price Index and as reported by the Chilean National Institute of Statistics) during the last five years ended December 31, 2009 and the first five months of 2010 was:

 

Year

   Inflation
(Consumer Price Index)
 

2005

   3.7

2006

   2.6   

2007

   7.8   

2008

   7.1   

2009

   (1.4

2010 (through May 31)

   1.7

 

Source: Chilean National Institute of Statistics

Although we benefit from a positive inflation rate in Chile due to the structure of our assets and liabilities (we have a significant net asset position indexed to the inflation rate), our operating results and the value of our ADSs in the future may be adversely affected by changing levels of inflation, and Chilean inflation could change significantly from the current level. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial review and Prospects—Inflation.”

Chile has corporate disclosure standards different from those you may be familiar with in the United States.

The securities disclosure requirements in Chile differ from those in the United States. Accordingly, the information about us available to you will not be the same as the information available to shareholders of a U.S. company.

Chilean disclosure requirements for publicly listed companies differ from those in the United States in some significant aspects. In addition, although Chilean law imposes restrictions on insider trading and price manipulation, the Chilean securities markets are not as highly regulated and closely supervised as the U.S. securities markets.

 

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Chilean law provides for fewer and less well-defined shareholders’ rights.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our estatutos, or bylaws, and the laws of Chile. Under such laws, our shareholders may have fewer or less well-defined rights than they might have as shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a U.S. jurisdiction. For example, our shareholders would not be entitled to appraisal rights in the event of a merger or other business combination undertaken by us.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report contains forward-looking statements. These statements appear throughout this annual report, including, without limitation, under “Item 4. Information on the Company” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.” Examples of such forward-looking statements include:

 

   

projections of operating revenues, net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure or other financial items or ratios;

 

   

statements of our plans, objectives or goals, including those related to anticipated trends, competition and regulation;

 

   

statements about our future economic performance or that of Chile or other countries in which we operate; and

 

   

statements of assumptions underlying such statements.

Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “potential,” “predict,” “forecast,” “guideline,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “should” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. These statements may relate to (1) our asset growth and financing plans, (2) trends affecting our financial condition or results of operations and (3) the impact of competition and regulations, but are not limited to such topics. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those described in such forward-looking statements included in this annual report as a result of various factors (including, without limitation, the actions of competitors, future global economic conditions, market conditions, foreign exchange rates and operating and financial risks), many of which are beyond our control. The occurrence of any such factors not currently expected by us would significantly alter the results set forth in these statements.

Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely include, but are not limited to:

 

   

changes in general economic, business, political or other conditions in Chile or changes in general economic or business conditions in Latin America;

 

   

changes in capital markets in general that may affect policies or attitudes towards lending to Chile or Chilean companies;

 

   

increased costs;

 

   

unanticipated increases in financing and other costs or the inability to obtain additional debt or equity financing on attractive terms; and

 

   

the factors discussed under “—Risk Factors.”

You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date that they were made. This cautionary statement should be considered in connection with any written or oral forward-looking statements that we may issue in the future. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly release any revisions to such forward-looking statements after the filing of this annual report to reflect later events or circumstances or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

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Item 4. Information on the Company

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE BANK

Overview

We were founded in 1893, and we have been, for much of our recent history, among the largest and most profitable Chilean banks in terms of return on assets and equity. We are engaged primarily in commercial banking in Chile, providing traditional banking services to a diverse customer base that includes corporations and individuals.

Our legal name is Banco de Chile. We are organized as a banking corporation under the laws of Chile and were licensed by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks to operate as a commercial bank on September 17, 1996. Our principal executive offices are located at Paseo Ahumada 251, Santiago, Chile. Our telephone number is +56 (2) 637-1111 and our website is www.bancochile.cl.

We are a full-service financial institution providing, directly and indirectly through our subsidiaries and affiliates, a wide variety of credit and non-credit products and services to all segments of the Chilean financial market. Our operations are organized in the following four principal business segments:

 

   

wholesale market;

 

   

retail market;

 

   

treasury and money market operations; and

 

   

operations through subsidiaries.

Our banking services for corporate customers include commercial loans (which, in turn, include working capital credits and trade finance), foreign exchange, capital market services, cash management and non-credit services, such as payroll and payment services, as well as a wide range of treasury, financial advisory and risk management products. We provide our individual customers with credit cards, residential mortgage loans, consumer loans and automobile financing loans, as well as traditional deposit services, such as current and savings accounts and time deposits.

As of December 31, 2009, we offered international banking services through our trade services subsidiary in Hong Kong, our representative offices in Sao Paulo and Beijing and a worldwide network of correspondent banks. In addition to our traditional banking operations, through our subsidiaries and affiliates we offer a variety of non-banking financial services including securities brokerage, mutual fund management, investment banking services, factoring, insurance brokerage, securitization, collection and sales services. We offer a powerful value proposition to our customers, which has positioned us among the most recognized financial players in Chile and Latin America.

As of December 31, 2009, we had:

 

   

total assets of Ch$17,501,459 million (U.S.$34,558 million);

 

   

total loans of Ch$13,191,256 million (U.S.$26,048 million);

 

   

deposits of Ch$11,145,557 million (U.S.$22,008 million); and

 

   

equity (including net income, non-controlling interest and provisions for minimum dividends) of Ch$1,600,985 million (U.S.$3,161 million).

 

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According to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, as of December 31, 2009, we were the second largest private bank in Chile in terms of total loans with a market share of 19.1%.

We are headquartered in Santiago, Chile, and, as of December 31, 2009, had 14,021 employees and delivered financial products and services through a nationwide network of 400 branches and 1,588 ATMs that form part of a network of 5,526 ATMs operated by Redbanc S.A., a company owned by us and 12 other private sector financial institutions.

History

We were founded in 1893 as a result of the merger of Banco Nacional de Chile, Banco Agrícola and Banco de Valparaíso, which created the largest privately held bank in Chile. We have played an important role in the economic history of Chile. Until the creation of the Central Bank in 1926 and before the enactment of the Chilean General Banking Law, we were the main stabilization agent of the Chilean banking system, a role that is now carried out by the Central Bank. Beginning in the early 1970s, the Chilean Government assumed control of a majority of Chilean banks, and all but one of the foreign banks that were operating at that time closed their branches and offices in Chile. Throughout this era, we remained privately owned, with the exception of a portion of our shares owned by the Chilean Government that were sold to private investors in 1975. We developed a well-recognized name in Chile and expanded our operations in foreign markets, where we developed an extensive network of correspondent banks. In the early twentieth century, we established a representative office in London, which we maintained until 1985, when our European operations were moved to Frankfurt. The Frankfurt office was closed in 2000, when our foreign operations were centralized at the New York branch. In 1987 and 1988, we established four subsidiaries to provide the full range of financial products and services permitted by the Chilean General Banking Law, and in 1999, we established our insurance brokerage and factoring subsidiaries. According to our estimations, we remained the largest private bank in Chile until 1996. During the early 2000s, the Chilean banking industry was marked by intense M&A activity. In 2002, we merged with Banco de A. Edwards, which allowed us to expand our business to new customer segments. In 2008, we sold our U.S. branches to Citigroup in connection with our merger with Citibank Chile, carried out during the same year. As a result of these consolidations, we currently operate a network of three brands, consisting of “Banco de Chile” (which is present in the whole of Chile), “Banco Edwards-Citi” (which primarily operates in Santiago) and “Banco CrediChile” (which is focused on consumer loans and debit accounts). In 2009, we were recognized by ICARE (Chilean Institute of Enterprise Rational Management), as “The Enterprise of 2008” in recognition of our role in the Chilean economy and banking system.

Merger with Banco de A. Edwards

On December 6, 2001, our shareholders approved the merger with Banco de A. Edwards, which became effective on January 1, 2002. Banco de A. Edwards had been listed on the NYSE since 1995, and in January 2002, we were listed on the NYSE under the symbol BCH. Since 2002, our shares have also been traded on the Latin American Stock Exchange of the Madrid Stock Exchange, or Latibex, and the London Stock Exchange, or LSE. We concluded the merger process at the end of 2002 with the consolidation of a new corporate structure and the integration of our technological platforms.

Merger with Citibank Chile

On December 27, 2007, our shareholders approved our merger with Citibank Chile, which became effective on January 1, 2008. In addition, we entered into a Global Connectivity Agreement with Citigroup Inc. (“Citigroup”) to offer joint global financial services to customers in Chile. During 2008, we integrated Citibank Chile’s technological platforms with ours and established a new organizational structure in order to satisfy the needs of our customers and to achieve important synergies. We concluded the merger process at the end of 2008 with the integration of Citibank Chile’s consumer business with ours.

 

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Technological Projects

During 2005, we successfully concluded the implementation of the Enterprise Resource Planning system, which, in its orientation towards self-service applications, provides human resources solutions. We also deployed a Customer Relationship Management, or CRM, service platform in all of our retail branches and call centers. The CRM system mainly allows for preventive functions, the management of commercial campaigns and the tracking of credit approvals. In addition, a new accounting system was deployed.

During 2006, we expanded the CRM system and its related processes to our corporate and private banking businesses, thus covering all of our segments and branch networks, with the exception of Credichile. We also introduced important improvements in this system, adding functionalities mainly related to the opportunity and post-sale modules. As part of the new core banking system, commercial and consumer loans were placed into the new loan module. In addition, we initiated the replacement of the teller system to enable faster and more accurate customer service. Also during 2006, a customer intelligence solution was implemented to improve customer acquisition, cross-selling, segmentation and retention.

During 2007, we achieved several milestones. We completed the migration of current accounts, lines of credit and sight accounts into a new module as part of the new core banking system. In addition, the CRM system and the teller solution were expanded to all of our networks. In addition, we implemented a new anti-money laundering program that increases the quality and efficiency of operational follow-up and alerts.

During 2008, our priorities were focused on operational and technological stabilization after the merger with Citibank Chile. We implemented critical initiatives, such as updating our core database, which included hardware upgrades and the improvement of batch process time and the performance of our front-end systems and middleware components.

During 2009, we focused on the stabilization and optimization of Banco CrediChile’s processes in order to improve on-line and batch procedures performance. Additionally, we continued to improve our general infrastructure, which has allowed us to reach higher levels of operational stability. We implemented new servers for current accounts and credit cards, enabling us to reach a significant reduction in processing time. We also put into operation a new server for on-line current accounts. In addition, our technological support division handled important technical developments related to new products launched by the Bank during this year, like RedGiro and Cuenta Móvil; RedGiro allows our customers to transfer money through our ATM network, while Cuenta Móvil permits clients and non-clients to make payments, money transfers and other operations through a mobile phone.

The 1982-1983 Economic Crisis and the Central Bank Subordinated Debt

During the 1982-1983 economic crisis, the Chilean banking system experienced significant instability that required the Central Bank and the Chilean Government to provide assistance to most Chilean private sector banks, including us. During this period, we experienced significant financial difficulties. In 1985 and 1986, we increased our capital and sold shares representing 88% of our capital to more than 30,000 new shareholders. As a result, no single shareholder held a controlling stake in our company. In 1987, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks returned the control and administration of the Bank to our shareholders.

Subsequent to the crisis, like most major Chilean banks, we sold certain of our non-performing loans to the Central Bank at face value on terms that included a repurchase obligation. The repurchase obligation was later exchanged for subordinated debt of each participating bank issued in favor of the Central Bank. In 1989, pursuant to Law No. 18,818, banks were permitted to repurchase the portfolio of non-performing loans for a price equal to the economic value of such loans, provided that the bank assume a subordinated obligation equal to the difference between the face value and economic value of such loans. In November 1989, we repurchased our portfolio of non-performing loans from the Central Bank and assumed the Central Bank’s subordinated debt relating to our non-performing loans.

 

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The original repayment terms of our Central Bank subordinated debt, which at December 31, 1989 equaled approximately Ch$1,300,122 million, or U.S.$ 2,567 million, required that a certain percentage of our income before provisions for the subordinated debt be applied to repay this obligation. The Central Bank subordinated debt did not have a fixed maturity, and payments were made only to the extent that we earned income before provisions for the subordinated debt. In 1993 we applied 72.9% of our income before provisions for the Central Bank subordinated debt to the repayment of this debt. In 1994 we applied 67.6%, and in 1995 we applied 65.8% of our income before provisions for the Central Bank subordinated debt to the repayment of this debt.

In November 1996, pursuant to Law No. 19,396, our shareholders approved a reorganization by which Banco de Chile was converted to a holding company named SM-Chile. In turn, SM-Chile organized a new wholly-owned banking subsidiary named Banco de Chile, to which it contributed all of its assets and liabilities other than the Central Bank subordinated debt. SM-Chile then created SAOS, a second wholly-owned subsidiary that, pursuant to a prior agreement with the Central Bank, assumed a new repayment obligation in favor of the Central Bank that replaced the Central Bank subordinated debt in its entirety.

This Central Bank indebtedness, for which SAOS is solely responsible and for which there is no recourse to us or SM-Chile, was equal to the unpaid principal of the Central Bank subordinated debt that it replaced but had terms that differed in some aspects. The most important of these included a rescheduling of the debt for a term of 40 years providing for equal annual installments and a pledge of our shares as collateral for such debt. The Central Bank indebtedness bears interest at a rate of 5.0% per year and is denominated in UF. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Overview—Inflation—UF-denominated Assets and Liabilities” for a further explanation of UF.

In exchange for assuming the Central Bank indebtedness, SAOS received from SM-Chile, a holding company that beneficially owns SAOS and us, 63.6% of our shares as collateral for this indebtedness. As a result of our merger with Banco de A. Edwards, the percentage of our shares held by SAOS decreased to 42.0%. As a result of the capital increase agreed upon in the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held in May 2007, the share dividend paid in May 2006, May 2007 and June 2009, and the merger with Citibank Chile in January 2008, the percentage of our shares held by SAOS further decreased to 34.64%. Dividends received from us are the sole source of SAOS’s revenue, which it must apply to repay this indebtedness. However, under SAOS’s agreement with the Central Bank, we have no obligation to distribute dividends to our shareholders. To the extent distributed dividends are not sufficient to pay the amount due on this indebtedness, SAOS is permitted to maintain a cumulative deficit balance with the Central Bank that SAOS commits to pay with future dividends. If the cumulative deficit balance exceeds an amount equal to 20% of our paid-in capital and reserves, the Central Bank may require SAOS to sell a sufficient number of shares of our stock owned by SAOS to pay the entire accumulated deficit amount. As of April 30, 2010, SAOS maintained surplus with the Central Bank of Ch$126,321 million, equivalent to 9.67% of our paid-in capital and reserves. As of the same date, Ch$261,302 million would have represented 20% of our paid-in capital and reserves. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Operations and the Banking Industry.” Our affiliate may be obligated to sell shares of our stock in the public market if we do not pay sufficient dividends.

As of December 31, 2009 the outstanding subordinated debt balance held by SAOS amounted to Ch$914,374 million. SAOS paid to the Central Bank a total of Ch$98,224 during 2008 and Ch$97,973 million during 2009, exceeding in both years the required minimum annual payment.

As of December 31, 2009, the major shareholder of SM-Chile was LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. (a subsidiary of Quiñenco S.A.), which owned, directly and indirectly, 58.23% of SM-Chile’s total shares. As of the same date, major shareholders of Banco de Chile were SAOS, LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. and SM-Chile, each having a participation of 34.64%, 32.70% and 14.70% of Banco de Chile’s total shares, respectively.

 

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If from time to time in the future our shareholders decide to retain and capitalize all or part of our annual net income in order to finance our future growth and to distribute stock dividends among our shareholders, the Central Bank may require us to pay the portion of the net income corresponding to shares owned by SAOS in cash to SAOS. If we distribute stock dividends and the Central Bank does not require us to pay that portion in cash, the shares received by SAOS must be sold by SAOS within the following 12 months. The shareholders of SM-Chile will have a right of first refusal with respect to that sale.

Capital Expenditures

The following table sets forth our capital expenditures in each of the two years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

Computer equipment

   Ch$ 5,440    Ch$ 7,161

Furniture, machinery and installations

     9,520      4,540

Real estate

     1,138      3,245

Vehicles

     467      379
             

Subtotal

     16,565      15,325

Software

     8,261      7,529
             

Total

   Ch$ 24,826    Ch$ 22,854
             

Our budget for capital expenditures in 2010 is Ch$39,883 million, 55% of which is allocated to information technology expenditures and 45% is related to infrastructure. This level of capital expenditures is in line with our strategic aim of improving our efficiency and productivity.

Regarding the budgeted information technology expenditures, 75% of such are related to (i) improvements to our main infrastructure, (ii) final stages of projects in development, such as mobile banking and internet-based selling and (iii) renewal of some internet-based customer services.

Our 2010 budget for infrastructure expenditures considers that disbursements in this area will be mainly related to (i) renovation and relocation of some of our existing branches, (ii) the opening of new branches and customer service centers and (iii) other projects associated with the acquisition of new properties and other real estate developments.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Business Strategy

Our long-term strategy is to maintain and enhance our position as a leading bank in Chile by providing a broad range of financial products and services to corporations and individuals nationwide. As part of this strategy, we utilize a multi-brand approach to target diverse market segments and leverage our strongly positioned brand names: “Banco de Chile,” “Banco Edwards Citi,” “Banchile” and “Banco Credichile.” Our long-term strategy consists of the key components described below.

Profitable Business Growth

Our business model is focused on those business choices that make significant economic and social contributions, have bounded risks and allow us to strengthen our long-term relationships with customers. We seek sustained growth, especially in higher-margin segments and in those business areas that show strong growth potential. Our focus has been primarily on retail segments, large corporations and the treasury segment. We seek to achieve the same strong position in these areas that we already have in the corporate segment.

 

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In addition to our traditional lending activities, we have developed other sources of revenue, such as foreign exchange derivative transactions and fee-based products and services. In this regard, our consolidated income from fees and other services has become an important source of earnings in recent years, reaching Ch$235,189 million (U.S.$373.84 million or 21.3% of our total operating revenues) in 2008 and Ch$251,216 million (U.S.$496.05 million or 24.5% of our total operating revenues) in 2009. We seek to continue increasing our revenues from fees and commissions by developing new products and services and by reinforcing the cross-selling of these products and services in the retail and wholesale segments that we currently serve. For our wholesale banking customers, we are continuously developing new products and improving existing fee-based services, such as receivables collection, payroll services, supplier payments, investment advisory services and cash management. To our retail banking customers, we offer new and existing fee-based services, such as general checking services, ATMs, credit cards, mutual funds, securities brokerage and insurance brokerage, all of which are continuously evaluated in order to ensure customer satisfaction. In order to improve the value proposition to our retail banking customers, we launched two new commercial products during 2009, RedGiro and Cuenta Móvil, which primarily handle electronic and mobile money transfers, respectively.

Efficiency Improvement

Our efficiency approach is focused on achieving high levels of productivity and cost control. We believe that a low-cost structure will become increasingly important in order to compete profitably. To achieve this goal, we have invested in (1) technology development, (2) the development of simpler and more manageable business processes and (3) secure and modern platforms that allow better response time and higher productivity.

In recent years, we have invested heavily in technology (approximately Ch$28,400 million, or U.S.$56.0 million, in the last two years) and we plan to continue focusing on technology in the future due to our belief that this is one of the best means to continuously improve customer service and operating efficiency.

During 2009, our consolidated operating expenses represented 47.0% of our operating revenues, as compared to 52.3% in 2008. We intend to improve this efficiency ratio in the coming years by expanding the volume of our business, enhancing our internal processes and reinforcing our cost controls and monitoring.

High Standards of Service Quality

Given the significant role of our customers, we continuously seek to increase customer loyalty. Accordingly, we have developed and implemented different measures in order to obtain improvements in service quality, such as (1) the identification of new customer segments and sub-segments in the retail and wholesale markets, (2) the subsequent implementation of new value propositions with an emphasis on service excellence that include new service models, (3) the enhancement of our service quality through an ongoing plan that identifies the critical behaviors of our customers, developing a service protocol for different kinds of clients, (4) the transfer of successful business operation procedures from high-service quality branches to lower-service quality branches, (5) the reinforcement of our Internet channel and business units in order to increase the processing capacity of information, allowing us to manage larger volumes of business with improved response time to customers, (6) the development of a more effective call center platform and (7) the redistribution of our corporate portfolios among corporate executives, allowing us to increase specialization and to improve the quality of our service.

Excellence in Human Resources Management

In order to ensure our long-term profitability, efficiency and service quality in an increasingly competitive industry, we believe that it is necessary to have highly-qualified and motivated personnel. In this regard, we make necessary efforts to remain as one of the most respected companies at the occupational level by developing a team of excellence that is committed to our corporate goals and values.

 

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We seek to establish a distinctive culture among our employees by promoting (1) a clear focus on the customer, (2) confidence and leadership, (3) meritocracy and high performance, (4) collaboration and teamwork, (5) accountability and empowerment and (6) innovation and continuous improvement.

Since the performance of our business depends on many factors, we cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve our strategic goals. For a discussion of certain risks applicable to our operations and the country that may affect our ability to meet our objectives, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors.”

Ownership Structure

The following diagram shows the ownership structure as of June 15, 2010:

LOGO

 

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Principal Business Activities

We are a full-service financial institution that provides, directly and indirectly through our subsidiaries and affiliates, a wide variety of credit and non-credit products and services to all segments of the Chilean financial market, as shown in the following chart:

LOGO

The information relating to our business segments, which is presented in this section, has been prepared in accordance with our internal reporting policies. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2009—Business Segments” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2009—Summary of differences between internal reporting policies and IFRS” for a description of the most significant differences between our internal reporting policies and IFRS.

The following table sets forth information on the composition of our loan portfolio and our consolidated net income before tax in accordance with our internal reporting policies for the year ended December 31, 2009, allocated among our principal business segments:

 

     Loans     Consolidated net
income (1) (2) (3)
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Retail market

   Ch$ 6,027,158    45.7   Ch$ 83,624

Wholesale market

     6,874,957    52.1     54,505

Treasury and money market operations

     —      0.0     106,937

Operations through subsidiaries

     282,438    2.1     52,418

Other (adjustments and eliminations)

     —      —          —  
                   

Total

   Ch$ 13,184,553    100.0   Ch$ 297,484
                   

 

(1) The net income breakdown shown is used for internal reporting and planning purposes and is based on, among other things, our estimated funding cost and direct and indirect cost allocations. This breakdown may differ in some aspects from breakdowns of our operating income for financial reporting and regulatory purposes. Separate information on the operations, assets and income of our financial services subsidiaries and affiliates is provided below under “—Operations through Subsidiaries.”
(2) The results associated with our gap management (interest rate mismatches) have been allocated in the treasury and money market operations segment.
(3) Consolidated net income consists of net income by business segment before tax expenses.

 

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The following table sets forth our consolidated operating revenues in accordance with our internal reporting policies, allocated among our principal business segments:

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Retail market

   Ch$ 561,572    Ch$ 540,288

Wholesale market

     305,835      229,125

Treasury and money market operations

     88,314      128,207

Operations through subsidiaries

     117,881      131,096

Other (adjustments and eliminations)

     38,580      —  
             

Total Operating Revenues

   Ch$ 1,112,182    Ch$ 1,028,716
             

The following table sets forth a geographic market breakdown of our operating revenues in accordance with our internal reporting policies for the years indicated:

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Chile

   Ch$ 1,112,024    Ch$ 1,028,645

Banking operations

     954,496      897,684

Operations through subsidiaries

     157,528      130,961

Foreign operations

     158      71

New York

     —        —  

Miami

     —        —  

Operations through subsidiaries

     158      71
             

Total Operating Revenues

   Ch$ 1,112,182    Ch$ 1,028,716
             

Retail Market

Our retail market business segment serves the financial needs of individuals and small and medium-sized companies through our branch network consisting of 400 offices and customer service centers, which are made up of 246 branches belonging to Banco de Chile and Banco Edwards Citi networks and 154 branches within the Banco CrediChile network.

As of December 31, 2009, loans to our retail market customers represented 45.7% of our total loans and our retail market business segment accounted for Ch$83,624 million of our net income before tax for the year ended December 31, 2009.

In terms of composition, as set forth in the following table prepared in accordance with our internal reporting policies, our retail market business segment’s loan portfolio as of December 31, 2009 was principally focused on residential mortgage loans, which represented a 41.8% of the segment’s portfolio. The remaining loans were distributed between consumer credits (31.9%) and commercial credits (26.3%).

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except
percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 1,585,609    26.3

Residential mortgage loans

     2,518,305    41.8   

Consumer loans

     1,923,244    31.9   
             

Total

   Ch$ 6,027,158    100.0
             

 

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We serve the retail market business segment through two different and specialized divisions: (i) the Commercial division and (ii) the Consumer Division (Banco CrediChile).

Commercial Division

The commercial division is responsible for offering financial services to individuals with monthly incomes over Ch$400,000 (or Ch$4.8 million per year) and to small and medium-sized companies with annual sales of up to Ch$1,400 million. This division manages the portion of our branch network that operates under the brand names Banco de Chile and Banco Edwards Citi and had 246 offices and customer service centers as of December 31, 2009.

The strategy followed in the commercial division is mainly focused on sub-segmentation, multi-brand positioning, cross-selling of products and service quality based on customized service models for specific customer needs. Incentive systems have been increasingly incorporated into the commercial targets differentiated by segment, which have permitted the reduction of response times to our customers and a more efficient use of allocated resources. In addition, this division’s operations counts on the support of specialized call centers and internet banking services, along with a wide range of management tools that allow us to measure returns, the performance of cross-sold products and the effectiveness of marketing campaigns.

As of December 31, 2009, this division served 567,056 individual customers and 55,953 small and medium-sized Chilean companies. This customer base resulted in total loans to 530,241 debtors, which includes 67,333 residential loans, 126,452 commercial loans, 312,775 utilized lines of credit, 252,913 installment loans and 665,226 credit card accounts. As of the same date, we maintained 565,655 current accounts, 159,817 savings accounts and 109,493 time deposits.

As of December 31, 2009, loans originated by our commercial division represented 41.2% of our total loans. The following table sets forth the composition of the division’s loan portfolio in accordance with our internal reporting policies, as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except
percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Commercial Loans

     

Commercial credit

   Ch$ 1,383,279    25.4

Leasing contracts

     125,493    2.3   

Other loans

     72,913    1.3   
             

Total Commercial Loans

     1,581,685    29.0   
             

Residential Mortgage Loans

     2,460,279    45.3   
             

Consumer Loans

     

Installment loans

     835,576    15.4   

Credit cards

     324,696    6.0   

Lines of credit

     233,425    4.3   
             

Total Consumer Loans

     1,393,697    25.7   
             

Total

   Ch$ 5,435,661    100.0
             

We offer a variety of financial services to individuals and small and medium-sized companies, directly or indirectly through our subsidiaries and affiliates, such as current accounts, automatic bill payment, debit cards, credit cards, revolving credit lines, housing loans, consumer loans, commercial loans, mortgage loans, leasing agreements, factoring services, investment management, support in import and export transactions, collection services, payments and collections, insurance brokerage (which handles life, home and vehicle insurance), savings instruments, mutual funds, stock trading and foreign currency services.

 

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Installment Loans

Our consumer installment loans are generally incurred, up to a customer’s approved credit limit, to finance the cost of goods or services, such as cars, travel and household furnishings. Consumer loans are denominated in both pesos and UF, bear fixed or variable interest rates and are generally repayable in installments over a period of up to 36 months.

As of December 31, 2009, we had Ch$835,576 million in installment loans related to the commercial division, which accounted for 43.4% of the retail market business segment’s consumer loans. A majority of installment loans are denominated in pesos and are payable monthly.

Residential Mortgage Loans

As of December 31, 2009, we had outstanding residential mortgage loans to individuals and small and medium-sized companies of Ch$2,460,279 million, which represented 40.8% of the retail market business segment’s total loans and 18.7% of our total loans. A feature of our mortgage loans to individuals and small and medium-sized companies is that mortgaged property typically secures all of a mortgagor’s credit with us, including credit card and other loans.

Our residential mortgage loans generally have maturities that range between five and thirty years and are denominated in UF. To reduce our exposure to interest rate fluctuations and inflation with respect to our residential loan portfolio, a portion of these residential loans is funded through the issuance of mortgage finance bonds, which are recourse obligations with payment terms that are matched to the residential loans and which bear a real market interest rate plus a fixed spread over the variation rate of the UF. Chilean banking regulations limit the amount of a residential mortgage loan that may be financed with a mortgage finance bond to the lesser of 75% of the purchase price of the property securing the loan or the appraised value of such property. In addition, we generally require that the monthly payments on a residential mortgage loan not exceed 25% of the borrower’s household after-tax monthly income. This is mandatory for mortgage loans financed by mortgage bonds in which the assessment value of the property is less than UF 3,000.

As an alternative to finance mortgage loans with mortgage bonds, we have promoted the expansion of Mutuos Hipotecarios, a mortgage-lending product, which is not financed by mortgage finance bonds, but instead through our general funds, especially long-term bonds. Accordingly, Mutuos Hipotecarios allow customers to finance up to 100% the purchase price or the appraised value of the property, whichever is lower, instead of the 75% that a standard mortgage would allow.

As of December 31, 2009, we were Chile’s second largest private sector bank in terms of amount of mortgage loans, and, based on information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, we accounted for approximately 14.4% of the residential mortgage loans in the Chilean banking system and approximately 19.2% of such loans made by Chilean private sector banks.

Credit Cards

As of December 31, 2009, we issued Visa, MasterCard and Diners credit cards, including both individual and corporate cards. In addition to traditional credit cards, our portfolio also includes co-branded cards (e.g., “Travel Club,” “Global Pass,” and “Advantage,” among others), and 43 affinity card groups, most of which are associated with our co-branded programs.

As of December 31, 2009, we had 665,226 valid credit card accounts, with 847,040 credit cards to individuals and small and medium-sized companies. Total charges on our credit cards during 2009 amounted to Ch$1,180,981 million, with Ch$1,066,621 million corresponding to purchases and service payments in Chile and abroad and Ch$114,360 million corresponding to cash advances both within Chile and abroad. These charge volumes represent a 29.9% market share in terms of volume of use of bank credit cards issued in Chile.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, our credit card loans to individuals and small and medium-sized companies amounted to Ch$324,696 million and represented 16.9% of our retail market business segment’s consumer loans.

Two Chilean companies that are affiliated with us in this market, Transbank S.A. and Nexus S.A., provide us with merchant acquisition and credit card processing services. As of December 31, 2009, Transbank S.A. had 15 shareholders and Nexus S.A. had seven shareholders, all of which were banks. As of December 31, 2009, our equity ownership in Transbank S.A. was 26.16% and our equity ownership in Nexus S.A. was 25.81%.

We believe that the Chilean market for credit cards has a high growth potential, especially among lower and middle-income customer segments, as the average merchant fees should continue to decline due to increasing competition from other banks that operate in Chile and the large department stores and other non-banking businesses that are involved in the issuance of credit cards.

Commercial Credits

Our commercial division’s commercial loans, which mainly consist of project financing and working capital loans, are denominated in pesos, UF and U.S. dollars, may have fixed or variable rates of interest and generally mature between one and three months. As of December 31, 2009, this division had outstanding commercial loans of Ch$1,383,279 million, representing 23.0% of the retail market business segment’s total loans and 10.5% of our total loans as of the same date.

Leasing Contracts

Leasing contracts are financing leases for capital equipment and property. Leasing contracts may have fixed or variable rates of interest and generally mature between one and five years for equipment and between five and twenty years for property. Most of these contracts are denominated in UF. As of December 31, 2009, this division had outstanding leasing contracts of Ch$125,493 million, representing 2.1% of the retail market business segment’s total loans and 1.0% of our total loans as of the same date.

Mortgage Loans

Mortgage loans granted to individuals and medium-sized companies are non-residential mortgage loans made to finance offices, land, facilities and other real estate. This kind of credit is denominated in UF and generally have maturities of between eight and twelve years. As of December 31, 2009, this division had mortgage loans of approximately Ch$139,250 million, representing 2.3% of the retail market business segment’s total loans and 1.1% of our total loans as of the same date.

Debit Cards

We offer different types of debit cards to our customers. Depending on their specifications, these cards can be used for banking transactions at ATMs that operate on the local network, such as Redbanc, the Visa International PLUS network, the local network of merchants participating in the local Redcompra debit program or the international network of merchants associated with the Electron program. We have given different names to these debit cards depending on the card’s specific functions and the link between the brand and target market to which they serve. During 2009, the following cards were in operation: Chilecard, Chilecard Plus, Chilecard Electron, Chilecard Empresas, Banjoven, Cheque Electrónico, Multiedwards, Cuenta Directa, Cuenta Fácil, Cuenta Familiar and Citicard. As of December 31, 2009, we had a 22.8% market share of debit card purchase transactions, which corresponds to approximately 32.8 million purchases performed throughout the year.

 

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Lines of Credit

We had approximately 460,909 approved lines of credit to individual customers and small and medium-sized companies as of December 31, 2009 and outstanding advances to 295,859 individuals that totaled Ch$233,066 million, or 3.9% of the retail market business segment’s total loans.

Our individual lines of credit are generally available on a revolving basis, up to an approved credit limit, and may be used for any purpose. Advances under lines of credit are denominated in pesos and bear an interest rate that is set monthly.

Deposit Products

We strategically offer deposit products to increase our deposit-taking activities as a means of diversifying our sources of funding. We believe that the deposits of our individual customers provide us with a relatively low-cost, stable source of funding, as well as an opportunity to cross-market our other products and services. In this regard, we offer current accounts, time deposits and savings accounts to our individual customers. Current accounts are peso-denominated and the majority bear no interest (approximately 0.1% of total current accounts of the commercial division are interest-bearing), and savings accounts are denominated in UF and bear a fixed-interest rate. Time deposits are denominated in pesos, UF and U.S. dollars and most bear interest at a fixed rate with terms that range between thirty to 360 days.

While historically demand has been mainly for UF-denominated deposits during periods of high inflation, demand for peso-denominated deposits has increased in recent years as a consequence of lower and more stable inflation rates in Chile.

Consumer Division (Banco CrediChile)

The consumer division offers loans and other financial services to the lower and middle-income segments of the Chilean population, which historically have only been partially served by banking institutions. These segments include individuals whose monthly incomes fluctuate between Ch$170,000 and Ch$400,000, as well as micro businesses. Banco CrediChile represents an alternative delivery channel for our products and services in these segments, maintaining a separate brand supported by a network of 154 Banco CrediChile branches. Banco CrediChile was established in 2004 from what was formerly our consumer banking division. During 2008, the business of Banco CrediChile was combined with the consumer division of Citibank Chile as part of the merger with Citibank Chile. As a consequence of this consolidation, Banco CrediChile became the leader in the consumer segment in Chile.

Banco CrediChile offers its customers a variety of banking products, such as consumer loans, credit cards, automobile financing loans, residential mortgage loans and a special demand deposit account (see “—Bancuenta” below) targeted at low-income customers. As of December 31, 2009, Banco CrediChile had approximately 407,418 customers and total loans outstanding that amounted to Ch$591,497 million, representing 4.5% of our total loans outstanding as of the same date.

 

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The following table sets forth the composition of Banco CrediChile’s loan portfolio in accordance with our internal reporting policies, as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$,
except percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Consumer loans

     

Installment loans

   Ch$ 494,223    83.6

Credit cards

     34,733    5.9   

Lines of credit

     591    0.0   

Total consumer loans

     529,547    89.5   
             

Residential mortgage loans

     58,026    9.8   

Commercial loans

     3,924    0.7   

Total

   Ch$ 591,497    100.0
             

Banco CrediChile focuses on developing and marketing innovative and customized products targeted to satisfy the needs of its customers while introducing them to the banking system. Banco CrediChile complements the services offered by our remaining business segments, especially our wholesale market, by offering services to employers, such as direct deposit capabilities, that stimulate the use of our services by employees.

The Chilean Superintendency of Banks requires greater allowances for loan losses for those banks with low credit classifications. This is the case for Banco CrediChile, which employs a specific credit scoring system, developed by our individual risk division, as well as other criteria to evaluate and monitor credit risk. Thus, in order to ensure the quality of its loan portfolio, Banco CrediChile adheres to the Bank’s general loan origination procedures, particularly with regard to the use of our credit scoring system and credit management policies, including the use of credit bureaus and the services of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. In addition, Banco CrediChile carries out rigorous procedures for collection of past-due loans through Socofin S.A., our specialized collection subsidiary. We believe that we have suitable procedures and infrastructure in place to manage the risk exposure of Banco CrediChile. These procedures allow us to take advantage of the attractive growth and earnings potential of this market segment while helping to manage exposure to higher risk. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Operations and the Banking Industry—The growth of our loan portfolio may expose us to increased loan losses” and “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Operations and the Banking Industry—Our loan portfolio may not continue to grow at the same or similar rate.”

Consumer Lending

Banco CrediChile provides short to medium-term consumer loans and credit card services. As of December 31, 2009, Banco CrediChile had approximately 352,764 consumer loans that totaled Ch$494,223 million. As of the same date, Banco CrediChile customers had 221,338 valid credit card accounts, with outstanding balances of Ch$34,733 million.

Bancuenta

Banco CrediChile offers its customers Bancuenta, a basic deposit product that is flexible and easy to use. This product allows us to tap into a section of the consumer market that previously was not participating in the banking system. The Bancuenta account is a non-interest bearing demand deposit account without checking privileges targeted at customers who want a secure and comfortable means of managing and accessing their money. Customers may use an ATM card linked to their Bancuenta account (which may include a revolving line of credit) to make deposits or automatic payments to other Banco CrediChile accounts through a network of 5,526 ATMs available through the Redbanc network.

 

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As of December 31, 2009, Banco CrediChile had 705,322 Bancuenta accounts. Bancuenta account holders pay an annual fee, a fee related to the number of withdrawals on the Bancuenta line of credit and interest on any outstanding balance under the line of credit. All fees and interest due on a Bancuenta account are withdrawn automatically on a monthly basis from funds available in the account. Bancuenta allows us to offer our wholesale customers the ability to pay their employees by direct deposit of funds into the individual employee’s account at Banco CrediChile. We believe this product can lead to stronger long-term relationships with our wholesale customers and their employees.

Wholesale Market

Our wholesale market business segment serves the needs of corporate customers. In 2009, this business segment recorded an annual operating revenue of approximately Ch$229,125 million, which represented 22.3% of our total operating revenue. As of December 31, 2009, loans made by this business segment amounted to Ch$6,874,957 million and represented 52.1% of our total loan portfolio. In addition, our wholesale banking business segment accounted for approximately Ch$54,505 million of our net income before tax for the year ended December 31, 2009, which amounts to 18.3% of our consolidated net income before tax.

The following table sets forth the composition of our portfolio of loans to the wholesale market in accordance with our internal reporting policies, as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except
percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Commercial credits

   Ch$ 5,265,915    76.6

Foreign trade loans

     768,283    11.2   

Leasing loans

     570,361    8.3   

Factoring loans

     108,864    1.6   

Other loans

     161,534    2.3   
             

Total

   Ch$ 6,874,957    100.0
             

As of December 31, 2009, we had 9,469 debtors out of a total of 18,662 wholesale customers. Our wholesale customers are engaged in a wide range of industry sectors. As of December 31, 2009, this business segment’s loans were mainly related to:

 

   

financial services (approximately 20.9% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

trade (approximately 18.2% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

manufacturing (approximately 11.6% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

communication and transportation (approximately 11.0% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

construction (approximately 10.0% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

agriculture, forestry and fishing (approximately 9.9% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

community, social and personal services (approximately 8.5% of all loans made by this business segment);

 

   

utilities (approximately 3.4% of all loans made by this business segment); and

 

   

mining (approximately 1.6% of all loans made by this business segment).

 

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In line with our strategy of identifying and differentiating market segments in order to provide improved value propositions for specific customers, we have defined two divisions within the wholesale market segment based on annual sales: (i) Corporate Division and (ii) Large Companies and Real Estate Division.

Corporate Division

The corporate division provides services to corporations that sell more than Ch$70,000 million annually. This division’s customers consist of a large proportion of Chile’s publicly-traded companies, subsidiaries of multinationals and conglomerates (including those that operate in the financial, commercial, manufacturing, industrial and infrastructure sectors) and projects and concessions.

As of December 31, 2009, we had 741 large corporations as debtors out of a total of 2,317 customers in this division, with total outstanding loans that totaled Ch$3,212,652 million, representing 24.4% of our total outstanding loans as of the same date.

As shown by the following table, which has been prepared in accordance with our internal reporting policies, the corporate division’s loan portfolio, as of December 31, 2009, was mainly focused on commercial credits, which accounted for almost 84% of the division’s total loans.

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except
percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Commercial credits

   Ch$ 2,688,216    83.7

Foreign trade loans

     292,204    9.1   

Leasing loans

     60,023    1.9   

Factoring loans

     59,431    1.8   

Other loans

     112,778    3.5   
             

Total

   Ch$ 3,212,652    100.0
             

We offer a wide range of products to large corporations that include short and long-term financing, working capital loans, mortgage loans, leasing, long-term syndicated loans and factoring, as well as investment banking services offered by our subsidiary, Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A., which include the underwriting of public and private securities offerings. We also offer payment services (payrolls, suppliers, pensions, dividends, etc.), collection services and connection to international funds transfer networks, as well as traditional deposit products, in particular current accounts.

We are party to approximately 932 payment service contracts and approximately 205 collection service contracts with large corporations. We believe that cash management and payment service contracts provide a source of low-cost deposits and the opportunity to cross-market our products and fees to payees, many of whom maintain accounts with us. Under our collection contracts, we act as a collection agent for our large corporate customers, providing centralized collection services for their accounts receivable and other similar payments.

In order to provide a highly competitive service, our corporate division has the direct support of our treasury and money market operations segment, which fulfills our corporate customers’ liquidity and short-term loans requirements directly. We have also improved our technological offerings to facilitate connection with customers and permit self-service. Similarly, we offer derivative products, which we believe have become increasingly important, especially peso-dollar and UF-dollar forward contracts and interest rate swaps.

In recent years, the market for loans to large corporations in Chile has been characterized by reduced profit margins, due in part to the greater direct access of such customers to domestic and international capital markets and other funding sources. Consequently, we have been increasingly focused on profit margin growth and cross-selling fee generating services, such as payroll processing, dividend payments and billing services, as well as computer banking services. This strategy has enabled us to maintain profitable relationships with our large corporate customers while preserving the ability to extend credit when appropriate opportunities arise.

 

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During 2009, we developed and implemented a new customer service model, which allows account executives to focus their efforts on identifying commercial needs and structuring greater added-value deals for customers, rather than on transactional duties. The implementation of this new service model has led to an important increase in revenue and in the number of weekly customer visits and business transactions.

Large Companies and Real Estate Division

The large companies and real estate division provides a broad range of financial products and services, such as electronic banking, leasing, foreign trade and financial consultancy, to companies with annual sales that range between Ch$1,400 million and Ch$70,000 million. Customers served by this division are those related to commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, forestry, fishing, infrastructure and real estate sectors, as well as projects and concessions.

As of December 31, 2009, we had 8,728 large companies as debtors out of a total of 16,345 customers. Loans to large companies totaled approximately Ch$3,662,305 million as of the same date, which represented 27.8% of our total loans.

The following table sets forth the composition of the large companies and real estate division’s loan portfolio in accordance with our internal reporting policies, as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except
percentages)
 

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Commercial credits

   Ch$ 2,577,699    70.4

Foreign trade loans

     476,079    13.0   

Leasing loans

     510,338    13.9   

Factoring loans

     49,433    1.4   

Other loans

     48,756    1.3   
             

Total

   Ch$ 3,662,305    100.0
             

The products and services offered to large companies are mainly related to commercial loans, lines of credit, foreign trade and foreign currency transactions, factoring services, leasing, mortgage loans, syndicated loans, mergers and acquisitions and debt restructuring assistance, payments and collections services, current accounts and related services, corporate credit cards, cash and investment management, forward contracts to hedge against currency fluctuations and insurance brokerage.

This division’s aim is to deliver exceptional service to its customers based on proactive financial support that enhances long-term relationships with customers. In order to improve service quality, during 2009, the division redesigned its service model to take advantage of synergies arising from the interaction of account and specialized support executives responsible for ensuring comprehensive customer service. These modifications enabled the division to strengthen customer relationships and increase market share, as well as product offerings. We are confident this new service model will result in important improvements in service quality and productivity since each business platform will be able to fully satisfy customers’ financial needs. This service model is supported by sales-oriented account officers that are organized by geographic region and economic sector and that have a particular focus on service quality.

Our leasing segment is part of the large companies and real estate division and operates under the name of Banchile Leasing. Our factoring subsidiary, Banchile Factoring S.A., mainly provides its services through the large companies and real estate division.

 

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Treasury and money market operations

Our treasury and money market operations business segment provides a wide range of financial services to our customers, including currency intermediation, forward contracts, interest rate swaps, transactions under repurchase agreements and investment products based on bonds, mortgage finance bonds and deposits.

In addition, our treasury and money market operations business segment is focused on managing currency, interest rate and maturity gaps, ensuring adequate liquidity levels, managing our investment portfolio and performing the intermediation of fixed-income instruments, currencies and derivatives. Interest rate gap management is aimed at generating an adequate funding structure, prioritizing our capitalization and asset and liability cost structure and funding source diversification. This segment is also responsible for the issuance of short and long-term bonds and the issuance of long-term subordinated bonds.

The treasury and money market operations business segment is also in charge of monitoring compliance with regulatory deposit limits, technical reserves and maturity and rate matches and monitors our adherence to the security margins defined by regulatory limits, as well as risk limits for interest rate, currency and investment gaps. The treasury and money market operations business segment continually monitors the funding costs of the local financial system, comparing them with our own.

Our securities portfolio as of December 31, 2009, amounted to Ch$1,697,489 million, of which 36% consisted of securities issued by the Central Bank and the Chilean Government, 12% consisted of securities from foreign issuers, 43% consisted of securities issued by local financial institutions and 9% consisted of securities issued by Chilean corporate issuers. Our investment strategy is designed with the aim of supplementing our expected profitability, risks and economic variable projections while adhering to the regulatory guidelines and internal limits defined by our finance committee.

The funding functions carried out by our treasury division are complemented by our international area, called International Financial Institutions (IFI), which manages relations with correspondent banks throughout the world, facilitating international payments and obtaining foreign currency financing for the Bank itself. As of December 31, 2009, we have established a network of approximately 600 correspondent banks, credit relations with approximately 250 correspondent banks and account relationships with approximately 42 correspondent banks. During 2009, we entered into a new Framework Agreement of financial cooperation with the Export-Import Bank of China, the main foreign trade development bank in China, a major trading partner of Chile.

Operations through Subsidiaries

We have made several strategic long-term investments in financial services companies that are engaged in activities complementary to our commercial banking activities. Our principal goal in making these investments is to develop a comprehensive financial services group capable of meeting the diverse financial needs of our current and potential clients.

 

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The following table sets forth information with respect to our financial services subsidiaries in accordance with our internal reporting policies as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of or for the year ended December 31, 2009  
     Assets    Equity    Net Income (loss)  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Banchile Trade Services Limited (Hong Kong)

   Ch$ 619    Ch$ 604    Ch$ 44   

Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.

     58,504      54,764      10,039   

Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A.

     8,773      6,780      5,599   

Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda

     18,157      15,509      4,270   

Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

     732,211      79,272      16,387   

Banchile Factoring S.A.

     232,238      40,645      7,194   

Banchile Securitizadora S.A.

     493      408      —     

Socofin S.A.

     5,997      197      (340

Promarket S.A.

     2,548      1,580      650   

Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A.(1)

     —        —        —     
                      

Total

   Ch$ 1,059,540    Ch$ 199,759    Ch$ 43,843   
                      

 

(1) As a result of the merger with Citibank Chile, Banco de Chile, as the legal successor and continuing entity of Citibank Chile, holds title to all of the rights that belonged to the corporation Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A., which consequently became a subsidiary of Banco de Chile in accordance with article 70 of the General Banking Law and Chapter 11-6 of the Updated Compilation of Standards. Effective January 1, 2009, Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. merged with and into Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

The following table sets forth information with respect to our ownership interest in our financial services subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009:

 

     Ownership Interest
     Direct (%)    Indirect (%)    Total (%)

Banchile Trade Services Limited (Hong Kong)

   100.00    —      100.00

Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.

   99.98    0.02    100.00

Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A.

   99.96    —      99.96

Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda.

   99.83    0.17    100.00

Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

   99.70    0.30    100.00

Banchile Factoring S.A.

   99.75    0.25    100.00

Banchile Securitizadora S.A.

   99.00    1.00    100.00

Socofin S.A.

   99.00    1.00    100.00

Promarket S.A.

   99.00    1.00    100.00

Each of these subsidiaries is incorporated in Chile, except for Banchile Trade Services Limited, which is incorporated in Hong Kong.

Securities Brokerage Services

We provide securities brokerage services through Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. is registered as a securities broker with the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, the regulator of Chilean open stock corporations, and is a member of the Santiago Stock Exchange and the Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange. Since it was founded in 1989, Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. has provided stock brokerage services, fixed-income investments and foreign exchange products to individuals and companies through our branch network. During the year ended December 31, 2009, Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. recorded an aggregate trading volume on the Santiago Stock Exchange and the Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange of approximately Ch$6,788,286 million. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. had equity of Ch$79,272 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$16,387 million, which represented 6.3% of our consolidated net income for the same period.

 

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As a result of the merger between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile, Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. became a subsidiary of Banco de Chile as of January 1, 2008. In early 2009, Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. merged with and into Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

Mutual and Investment Fund Management

Since 1980, we have provided mutual fund management services through Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. (formerly Banchile Administradora de Fondos Mutuos S.A.). As of December 31, 2009, according to data prepared by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. was the largest mutual fund manager in Chile, managing approximately 24.8% of all Chilean mutual funds assets. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. operated 73 mutual funds and managed Ch$4,321,893 million in net assets on behalf of more than 289,000 corporate and individual participants. Also, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. operates five investment funds: Chile Small Cap, Banchile Inmobiliario I, II and III, and Brasil and manages Ch$108,446 million in net assets on behalf of 925 participants.

During 2008, Banco de Chile acquired Legg Mason Chile, which channeled the business of Citibank Chile. Subsequently, during the same period, Legg Mason Chile merged with Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.

 

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The following table sets forth information regarding the various mutual funds managed by Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. as of December 31, 2009:

 

Name of Fund

  

Type of Fund

   Net Asset Value
As of December 31, 2009
          (in millions of Ch$)

Ahorro

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

   Ch$ 23,422

Alianza

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     12,458

América Latina Accionario

  

Equity

     34,603

Asia Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     7,041

Asiático Accionario

  

Equity

     16,477

Balance I

  

Debt/Equity

     37,092

Banchile Acciones

  

Equity

     81,348

Banda Dólar Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     8,595

Banda Estados Unidos Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     6,406

Banda Europa Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     4,445

Booster China Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     1,798

Capital Financiero

  

Fixed income (short term)

     24,596

Capitalisa Accionario

  

Equity

     6,144

Carry Trade Monedas

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     8,216

Cash

  

Fixed income (short term)

     84,807

Chile Accionario

  

Equity

     30,823

Cobertura

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     958

Corporate Dólar Fund

  

Fixed income (short term)

     362,215

Corporativo

  

Fixed income (short term)

     506,334

Crecimiento

  

Fixed income (short/medium term)

     67,991

Depósito XXI

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     208,950

Disponible

  

Fixed income (short term)

     46,234

Dolar Fund

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     18,353

Emerging Dollar Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     32,615

Emerging Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     50,182

Estrategia Commodities Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     7,830

Estratégico

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     254,637

Euro Money Market Fund

  

Fixed income (short term)

     29,240

Europe Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     3,467

Flexible

  

Fixed income (short term)

     4,916

Fortalezas Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     10,192

Fronteras del Este Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     1,997

Gigantes Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     13,501

Global Dollar Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     2,923

Global Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     6,327

Horizonte

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     31,941

International Bond Fund

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     205

Inversión

  

Debt/Equity

     42,845

Inversión 10

  

Debt/Equity

     1,202

Inversión 20

  

Debt/Equity

     3,103

Inversión Brasil

  

Debt/Equity

     41,918

Inversión China

  

Debt/Equity

     10,596

Inversión Dollar 30

  

Debt/Equity

     3,168

Inversionista Calificado I

  

Equity

     16,486

Latin America Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     114,575

Liquidez 2000

  

Fixed income (short term)

     715,188

Liquidez Full

  

Fixed income (short term)

     689,908

Marfil Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     9,599

Mid Cap

  

Equity

     20,350

Muralla China Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     29,176

Operacional

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     27,299

Oportunidades Sectoriales

  

Debt/Equity

     11,482

Patrimonial

  

Fixed income (short term)

     114,465

Performance

  

Fixed income (short/medium term)

     14,430

Potencias Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     61,584

Renta Futura

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     114,645

Retorno Dólar

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     6,034

Retorno LP UF

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     24,673

Retorno MP

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     4,507

Tigres Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     7,097

U.S. Dollar Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     3,216

U.S. Fund

  

Debt/Equity

     7,829

USA Accionario

  

Equity

     3,751

Utilidades

  

Fixed income (short/medium term)

     88,714

Verde Amarelo Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     34,693

Viejo Continente Accionario

  

Equity

     1,187

Visión Dinámica Acciones

  

Debt/Equity

     5,904

Visión Dinámica Activa A

  

Debt/Equity

     15,707

Visión Dinámica B

  

Debt/Equity

     5,770

Visión Dinámica C

  

Debt/Equity

     7,639

Visión Dinámica D

  

Debt/Equity

     1,876

Visión Dinámica E

  

Debt/Equity

     3,682

Wall Street 107 Garantizado

  

Fixed income (medium/long term)

     8,316
         

Total

      Ch$ 4,321,893
         

 

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As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. recorded equity of Ch$54,764 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$10,039 million, which represented 3.8% of our 2009 consolidated net income.

Factoring Services

We provide factoring services to our customers through Banchile Factoring S.A. Through this service, we purchase our customers’ outstanding debt portfolios, such as bills, notes, promissory notes or contracts, advancing them the cash flows involved and performing the collection of the related instruments. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Factoring S.A. had net income of Ch$7,194 million, which represents 2.75% of our 2009 consolidated net income, and an estimated 22.7% market share in Chile’s factoring industry.

Financial Advisory Services

We provide financial advisory and other investment banking services to our customers through Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A. The services offered by Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A. are primarily targeted to our corporate customers and include advisory services concerning mergers and acquisitions, restructuring, project finance and strategic alliances. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A. had equity of Ch$6,780 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$5,599 million.

Insurance Brokerage

We provide insurance brokerage services to our customers through Banchile Corredores de Seguros Limitada. In 2000, we began to offer life insurance policies associated with consumer loans and non-credit related insurance to our individual customers and the general public. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Corredores de Seguros Limitada had equity of Ch$15,509 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$4,270 million. Banchile Corredores de Seguros Limitada had a 5.3% market share, measured by the number of policies (in Chilean pesos) sold by insurance brokerage companies during 2008, the latest year for which information is available for insurance brokerage companies.

Securitization Services

We offer investment products to meet the demands of institutional investors, such as private pension funds and insurance companies, through Banchile Securitizadora S.A. This subsidiary securitizes financial assets, which involves the issuance of debt instruments with credit ratings that can be traded in the Chilean marketplace, backed by a bundle of revenue-producing assets of the client company. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Securitizadora S.A. had equity of Ch$408 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, no net income. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Securitizadora S.A. had a 19.6% market share measured by volume of assets securitized.

 

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Credits pre-evaluation services

Promarket S.A. provides credit pre-evaluation services to the Bank and its subsidiaries, including researching potential customers. As of December 31, 2009, Promarket S.A. had equity of Ch$1,580 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$650 million.

Collection Services

We provide judicial and extra-judicial loan collection services on our behalf and on behalf of third parties through our subsidiary Socofin S.A. As of December 31, 2009, Socofin S.A. had equity of Ch$197 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, a net loss of Ch$340 million.

Trade Services

In November 2004, we began offering direct trade services to our customers through Banchile Trade Services Limited, which acts as our trade finance entity in markets such as China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea. As of December 31, 2009, Banchile Trade Services Limited had equity of Ch$604 million and, for the year ended December 31, 2009, net income of Ch$44 million.

Distribution Channels and Electronic Banking

Our distribution network provides integrated financial services and products to our customers through a wide range of channels. This network includes ATMs, branches, on-line banking and phone-banking devices. Our 1,588 ATMs (that form part of Redbanc’s 5,526 ATM system) allow our customers to conduct self-service banking transactions during banking and non-banking hours.

As of December 31, 2009, we had a network of 400 retail branches and customer service centers throughout Chile. The branch system serves as a distribution network for all of the products and services offered to our customers. Our full-service branches accept deposits, disburse cash, offer the full range of our retail banking products, such as consumer loans, automobile financing loans, credit cards, mortgage loans and current accounts and provide information to current and potential customers.

We offer electronic banking services to our customers 24 hours a day through our internet website, www.bancochile.cl, which has homepages that are segmented by the different target markets we serve. Our individual homepage offers a broad range of services, including the payment of bills, electronic fund transfers, stop payment and non-charge orders, as well as a wide variety of account inquiries. Our corporate homepage offers services including our office banking service, Banconexion Web, which enables our corporate customers to perform all of their banking transactions from their offices. Both homepages offer our customers the sale of third-party products with exclusive benefits. We also have a homepage designed for our investor customers, through which they can perform transactions such as stock trading, time deposit taking and opening savings accounts. Our foreign trade customers can rely on our international business homepage, which enables them to inquire about the status of their foreign trade transactions and perform transactions, such as opening letters of credit, recording import collection and hedging on instructions and letters of credit. In 2009, approximately 439,273 individual and corporate customers performed close to 17.8 million transactions monthly on our website, of which approximately 4.0 million were monetary transactions.

In addition, we provide our customers with access to a 24-hour phone-banking call center that grants them access to account information and allows them to effect fund transfers and certain payments. This service, through which we receive approximately 482,663 calls per month, has enabled us to develop customer loyalty campaigns, sell financial products and services, answer specialized inquiries about our remote services and receive and resolve complaints by customers and non-customers.

 

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In 2001, in association with Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, we created a company called Comercio Electrónico Artikos Chile S.A. with the purpose of providing Chilean companies with the opportunity to trade their products and services electronically through the internet. We supplement this service with a wide range of financial services and electronic payment means.

Effects of Massive Earthquake on our Assets

On February 27, 2010, a massive earthquake hit Chile’s center-south region. Private and public Chilean infrastructure was significantly damaged. The Chilean authorities have estimated that the post-earthquake reconstruction process will take at least two years.

Individual wealth was impacted and the homes of some of the financial system’s customers in the affected zones were destroyed by the earthquake. To help our customers, we have eased payment terms for our non-delinquent clients in the affected areas. Although the risk associated with this event varies from bank to bank, we have determined that the impact on the credit quality of our loans portfolio will not be significant. This estimation relies on (i) our low loan exposure in the most affected zones, as these areas only represent 8% of our loan portfolio, (ii) the financial strength of our customers and (iii) the fact that a significant portion of the damage was insured. Thus, as of March 31, 2010, we have established allowances for loan losses of approximately Ch$2.4 billion (U.S.$4.6 million) as a result of the earthquake. We believe that our risk position should allow us to face any temporary credit risk volatility.

In addition, in the first quarter of 2010 we recognized property and equipment impairments of Ch$1.1 billion (U.S.$2.1 million) as a result of the structural damage suffered by some of our branches and customer service centers, which have been complemented by a cash donation of Ch$0.8 billion (U.S.$1.4 million) through a national fundraising campaign for post-earthquake reconstruction and by Ch$0.9 billion (U.S.$1.8 million) that we disbursed in order to support our staff that suffered damage due to the earthquake.

Involvement with the Transantiago Plan

Since June 2005, we have been a shareholder in Administrador Financiero del Transantiago (“AFT”), the company responsible for the financial management of the overhaul of Santiago’s public transit system (the “Transantiago Plan”). Other majority shareholders of the company include three major Chilean banks, a financial services company and a technology services company. We own 20% of AFT’s shares, which represented an original capitalization of approximately U.S.$13.4 million as of June 8, 2005.

The Transantiago Plan has faced operational deficits that are being funded by means of permanent and temporary fiscal subsidies in accordance with the provisions of Law 20,378, which was enacted in September 2009.

In 2007, as shareholders of AFT, we made extraordinary contributions for a total amount of U.S.$4,114,000 with the purpose of financing AFT’s expenses, which were capitalized as of December 31, 2007. Between January and April 2008, we made additional funds available to AFT in the amount of U.S.$358,000 to pay AFT’s expenses arising from the Transantiago Plan. We have made no additional funds available after April 2008. Banco de Chile, as AFT’s shareholder, believes that AFT may continue to finance its operational expenses with revenue generated in the ordinary course of its business. However, if we had to incur additional payments, we do not expect that any such payments will materially affect our business.

Competition

Overview

The Chilean market for banking and other financial services is highly and increasingly competitive and consists of a number of different market sectors. The most important sector, commercial banking, includes 23 private sector banks and one public sector bank, Banco del Estado. As of December 31, 2009, a group of four banks accounted for 67.9% of all outstanding loans placed by Chilean financial institutions: Banco Santander-Chile (19.9%), our bank (19.1%), Banco del Estado (16.1%) and Banco de Crédito e Inversiones (12.8%).

 

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We face significant and increasing competition in all of the market segments we serve. As a commercial bank offering a range of services to all types of businesses and individual customers, we face a variety of competitors, ranging from other large, private sector commercial banks to more specialized entities like “niche” banks. We consider the principal commercial banks in Chile to be our primary competitors, namely, Banco Santander-Chile, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Chile (BBVA), and Corpbanca. Nevertheless, we also face competition from Banco del Estado, a publicly-owned bank, which has a larger distribution network and larger customer base than we do. Banco del Estado, which operates under the same regulatory regime as Chilean private sector banks, was the third largest bank in Chile as of December 31, 2009, with outstanding total loans of Ch$11,078,493 million, representing a 16.1% market share, according to data published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

In the wholesale market, we consider our strongest competitors to be Banco Santander-Chile, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, BBVA and Corpbanca. We also consider these banks to be our most significant competitors in the small and medium-sized companies business segment.

In the retail market, we compete with other private sector Chilean banks, as well with Banco del Estado. Among private banks, we consider our strongest competitors in this market to be Banco Santander-Chile, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones and BBVA, as these banks have developed business strategies that focus on both small and medium-sized companies and lower-middle to middle income brackets of the Chilean population. In addition, with respect to high-income individuals, as of December 2009, we considered our strongest competitors in this market to be Banco Santander-Chile and Banco Itaú Chile.

The Chilean banking industry has experienced increased levels of competition in recent years from domestic as well as foreign banks, which has led to, among other things, consolidation in the industry. Consequently, banks’ strategies have, in general terms, been aimed at reducing costs and improving efficiency standards. Although we are making our best efforts in order to deal with increasing competition, we also acknowledge that our income may decrease due to the extent and intensity of competition.

We expect this trend of increasing competition and consolidation to continue, particularly in connection with the formation of new large financial groups and the creation of new niche banks. In this regard, in mid-1996, Banco Santander of Spain took control of Banco Osorno and merged it into its Chilean operations, changing its name to Banco Santander-Chile. In addition, Banco O’ Higgins and Banco de Santiago merged in January 1997, forming Banco Santiago. In 1999, Banco Santander of Spain took control of Banco Santiago. During 2001, Banco de Chile merged with Banco de A. Edwards, which came into effect on January 1, 2002. In August 2002, Banco Santiago and Banco Santander–Chile, then the second and fourth largest banks in Chile, respectively, merged and became Chile’s largest bank under the former’s name. In 2003, Banco del Desarrollo merged with Banco Sudamericano, and in 2004, Dresdner Banque Nationale de Paris merged with Banco Security. In 2005, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones merged with Banco Conosur. In 2007, Banco Itaú acquired Bank Boston unit in Chile, while Rabobank acquired HNS Bank and Scotiabank acquired Banco del Desarrollo. In the first quarter of 2008, we merged with Citibank Chile, and afterwards the Chilean Superintendency of Banks authorized the opening of a branch of the Norwegian bank DnB NOR and the acquisition of ABN Amro Bank by The Royal Bank of Scotland. In early 2009, the merger agreement between Scotiabank Sudamericano and Banco del Desarrollo was completed, through which the former became Scotiabank Chile and the latter ceased to exist. In addition, during 2009, Banco Monex was acquired by Consorcio Group, which absorbed the whole operations of the former and its subsidiaries, becoming Banco Consorcio.

 

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Although we believe that we are currently large enough to compete effectively in our target markets, any further consolidation in the Chilean financial services industry may adversely affect our competitive position. We are working on developing and enhancing our competitive strengths to ensure our sustainability.

Historically, commercial banks in Chile have competed in the retail market against each other, with finance companies and with department stores, the latter two having traditionally been focused on consumer loans to low and middle-income segments. However, finance companies have gradually disappeared as most of them have been merged into the largest banks.

In recent years, the Chilean financial system has witnessed a new phenomenon: the rise of non-traditional banking competitors, such as large department stores. The participation of these players has become increasingly significant in the consumer-lending sector. Currently, there are three consumer-oriented banks, affiliated with Chile’s largest department stores, Banco Falabella, Banco Ripley and Banco Paris. Although these banks had a market share of only 1.5% as of December 31, 2009 according to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, the presence of these banks is likely to make consumer banking more competitive.

Below is a set of tables and figures for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 that shows our position within the Chilean banking system. Prior years have not been included in these tables as new accounting rules applicable to the presentation of financial information by the Chilean banking industry became in effect at January 1, 2008, and figures before January 1, 2008 are not comparable. In addition, the market information is set forth under Chilean GAAP as published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

The following table sets forth certain statistical information on the Chilean financial system as of December 31, 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     Assets     Loans(1)     Deposits     Equity(2)  
     Amount    Share     Amount    Share     Amount    Share     Amount    Share  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

CHILEAN GAAP:

  

Private sector banks

   Ch$ 84,917,540    83.4   Ch$ 57,885,859    83.9   Ch$ 47,805,932    81.6   Ch$ 7,100,362    88.4

Banco del Estado

     16,893,528    16.6        11,078,493    16.1        10,758,141    18.4        934,942    11.6   
                                                    

Total banking system

   Ch$ 101,811,068    100.0   Ch$ 68,964,352    100.0   Ch$ 58,564,073    100.0   Ch$ 8,035,304    100.0
                                                    

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

(1) Net of interbank loans.
(2) For purposes of this table, equity includes capital and reserves, net income for the applicable period and a provision for minimum dividends.

 

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Loans

The following table sets forth our market share and the market share of each of our principal private sector competitors in terms of total loans as of the dates indicated according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Bank Loans(1)  
     As of December 31, 2009  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

Banco Santander-Chile

   20.7   19.9

Banco de Chile

   19.4      19.1   

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   13.3      12.8   

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   7.5      7.0   

Banco Corpbanca

   7.0      7.3   
            

Total market share

   68.0   66.1
            

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

(1) Provisions for loan losses not deducted.

Credit Quality

According to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, as of December 31, 2009, our ratio of allowances to total loans was 2.45%. This ratio is slightly above the 2.43% posted by the Chilean financial system as a whole. The following table sets forth the ratio of allowances to total loans of the largest private sector banks and that of the financial system as a whole (including such banks) as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Allowances to Total Loans  
     As of December 31,  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

Banco de Chile

   1.78   2.45

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   1.41      2.21   

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   1.13      1.61   

Banco Santander–Chile

   1.88      2.55   

Banco Corpbanca

   1.51      1.91   

Financial system

   1.86   2.43

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

According to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP, as of December 31, 2009, we had a ratio of past-due loans to total loans of 0.68%, as compared to the ratio of 1.36% by the Chilean financial system as a whole during the same period. The following table sets forth the ratio of past-due loans to total loans for the largest private sector banks as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 on a consolidated basis, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Past-Due Loans to Total Loans  
     As of December 31,  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   1.00   1.02

Banco Santander–Chile

   1.10      1.41   

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   0.80      1.19   

Banco de Chile

   0.60      0.68   

Banco Corpbanca

   0.78      0.82   

Financial system

   0.99   1.36

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

 

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Deposits

We had deposits of Ch$11,145,557 million as of December 31, 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP. As a consequence, we had a 19.0% market share in deposits, which placed us in first place among private sector banks. The following table sets forth the market shares in terms of deposits for private sector banks as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, on a consolidated basis, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Deposits  
     As of December 31,  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

Banco de Chile

   18.8   19.0

Banco Santander–Chile

   20.8      18.3   

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   13.2      13.5   

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   7.4      6.6   

Banco Corpbanca

   6.1      6.5   
            

Total market share

   66.3   63.9
            

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

Capital and Reserves

With Ch$1,315,382 million in capital and reserves (not including net income, non-controlling interest and provisions for minimum dividends) as of December 31, 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, we were the second largest private sector commercial bank in Chile in terms of capital and reserves.

The following table sets forth the level of capital and reserves for the largest private sector banks in Chile as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Capital and Reserves
     As of December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

CHILEAN GAAP:

     

Banco Santander–Chile

   Ch$ 1,198,957    Ch$ 1,386,238

Banco de Chile

     1,165,014      1,315,382

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

     620,412      783,611

Banco Corpbanca

     436,191      460,980

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   Ch$ 384,415    Ch$ 432,626

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

 

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Return on Capital and Reserves

Our return on capital and reserves, was 19.6% for the year ended December 31, 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP. The following table sets forth our return on capital and reserves and the returns on capital and reserves of our principal private sector competitors and the Chilean financial system, in each case as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Return on Capital and Reserves  
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

Banco de Chile

   29.8   19.6

Banco Santander-Chile

   34.6      31.1   

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   31.0      20.5   

Banco Corpbanca

   19.8      18.5   

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   18.1      15.7   

Financial system average

   22.2   16.5

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

Efficiency

For the year ended December 31, 2009, our efficiency ratio (operating expenses as a percentage of our operating revenues) was 48.8%, on a consolidated basis. The following table sets forth the efficiency ratios of the largest private sector Chilean banks as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, according to information published by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks under Chilean GAAP:

 

     Efficiency  Ratio(1)  
     As of December 31,  
     2008     2009  

CHILEAN GAAP:

    

BBVA Bilbao Vizcaya

   53.7   53.0

Banco de Crédito e Inversiones

   50.4      47.5   

Banco de Chile

   51.9      48.8   

Banco Santander-Chile

   37.9      34.5   

Banco Corpbanca

   45.6      42.7   

Financial system average

   49.2   46.2

 

Source: Chilean Superintendency of Banks

(1) Calculated by dividing operating expense by operating revenue.

 

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REGULATION AND SUPERVISION

General

In Chile, only banks may maintain current accounts for their customers, conduct foreign trade operations and, together with non-banking financial institutions, accept time deposits. The principal authorities that regulate financial institutions in Chile are the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and the Central Bank. Chilean banks are primarily subject to the Chilean General Banking Law and secondarily, to the extent not inconsistent with that law, the provisions of the Chilean Corporations Law governing public corporations, except for certain provisions that are expressly excluded.

The modern Chilean banking system dates back to 1925 and has been characterized by periods of substantial regulation and state intervention, as well as periods of deregulation. The most recent period of deregulation commenced in 1975 and culminated in the adoption of a series of amendments to the Chilean General Banking Law. In 2004, amendments to the General Banking Law granted additional powers to banks, including general underwriting powers for new issues of certain debt and equity securities and the power to create subsidiaries to engage in activities related to banking, such as brokerage, investment advisory, mutual fund services, administration of investment funds, factoring, securitization products and financial leasing services. Prior to 2006, banks had the option of distributing less than 30% of their earnings as dividends in any given year, subject to approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of the bank’s common stock. In 2006, however, the General Banking Law was amended to eliminate this option.

Following the Chilean banking crisis of 1982 and 1983, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks assumed control of banks representing approximately 51% of the total loans in the banking system. As part of the assistance that the Chilean Government provided to Chilean banks, the Central Bank permitted banks to sell to it a certain portion of their problem loan portfolios at the book value of the loan portfolios. Each bank then repurchased such loans at their economic value (which, in most cases, was substantially lower than the book value at which the Central Bank had acquired the loans), with the difference to be repaid to the Central Bank out of future income. Pursuant to Law No. 18,818, which was passed in 1989, this difference was converted into subordinated debt.

The Central Bank

The Central Bank is an autonomous legal entity created by the Chilean Constitution. It is subject to its Ley Orgánica Constitucional, or Organic Constitutional Law, and the Chilean Constitution. To the extent not inconsistent with its Organic Constitutional Law or the Chilean Constitution, the Central Bank is also subject to private sector laws, but is not subject to the laws applicable to the public sector. It is directed and administered by a Board of Directors composed of five members designated by the President of Chile, subject to Senate approval.

The legal purpose of the Central Bank is to maintain the stability of the Chilean peso and the orderly functioning of Chile’s internal and external payment systems. The Central Bank’s powers include setting reserve requirements, regulating the amount of money and credit in circulation, and establishing regulations and guidelines regarding finance companies, foreign exchange (including the Formal Exchange Market) and bank deposit-taking activities.

The Chilean Superintendency of Banks

Banks are supervised and controlled by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, a Chilean governmental agency. The Chilean Superintendency of Banks authorizes the creation of new banks and has broad powers to interpret and enforce legal and regulatory requirements applicable to banks and financial companies. Furthermore, in cases of noncompliance with its legal and regulatory requirements, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks has the ability to impose sanctions. In extreme cases, it can appoint, with the prior approval of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank, a provisional administrator to manage a bank. It must also approve any amendment to a bank’s bylaws or any increase in its capital.

 

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The Chilean Superintendency of Banks examines all banks from time to time, generally at least once a year. Banks are also required to submit unconsolidated unaudited financial statements to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks on a monthly basis and to publish their unaudited financial statements at least four times a year in a newspaper with countrywide coverage. Financial statements as of December 31 of any given year must be audited. In addition, banks are required to provide extensive information regarding their operations at various periodic intervals to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. A bank’s annual financial statements and the opinion of its independent auditors must also be submitted to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

Any person wishing to acquire, directly or indirectly, 10.0% or more of the share capital of a bank must obtain the prior approval of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. Without such approval, the holder will not have the right to vote such shares. The Chilean Superintendency of Banks may only refuse to grant its approval based on specific grounds set forth in the Chilean General Banking Law.

According to Article 35 bis of the Chilean General Banking Law, the prior authorization of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks is required for each of the following:

 

   

the merger of two or more banks;

 

   

the acquisition of all or a substantial portion of a bank’s assets and liabilities by another bank;

 

   

the control by the same person, or controlling group, of two or more banks; or

 

   

a substantial increase in the share ownership of a bank by a controlling shareholder of that bank.

Such prior authorization is required only when the acquiring bank or the resulting group of banks would own a market share in loans determined by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks to be more than 15.0% of all loans in the Chilean banking system. The intended purchase, merger or expansion may be denied by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, or, if the acquiring bank or resulting group would own a market share in loans determined to be more than 20.0% of all loans in the Chilean banking system, the purchase, merger, or expansion may be conditioned on one or more of the following:

 

   

that the bank or banks maintain Regulatory Capital higher than 8.0% and up to 14.0% of their risk-weighted assets;

 

   

that the technical reserve established in article 65 of the General Banking Law be applicable when deposits exceed 1.5 times the resulting bank’s paid-in capital and reserves; or

 

   

that the margin for interbanking loans be reduced to 20.0% of the resulting bank’s Regulatory Capital.

If the acquiring bank or resulting group would own a market share in loans determined by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks to be more than 15% but less than 20%, the authorization will be conditioned on the bank or banks maintaining Regulatory Capital not lower than 10% of their risk-weighted assets for a period set by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, which may not be less than one year. The calculation of risk-weighted assets is based on a five-category risk classification system applied to a bank’s assets that is based on the Basel Committee recommendations.

Pursuant to the regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, the following ownership disclosures are required:

 

   

banks must disclose to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks the identity of any person owning, directly or indirectly, 5.0% or more of its shares;

 

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holders of ADSs must disclose to the depositary the identity of beneficial owners of ADSs registered under such holders’ names;

 

   

the depositary must disclose to the bank the identity of beneficial owners of ADSs which the depositary has registered, and the bank, in turn, must disclose to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks the identity of the beneficial owners of the ADSs representing 5.0% or more of such bank’s shares; and

 

   

bank shareholders who individually hold 10.0% or more of a bank’s capital stock and who are controlling shareholders must periodically inform the Chilean Superintendency of Banks of their financial condition.

Limitations on Types of Activities

Chilean banks can only conduct those activities allowed by the General Banking Law, including making loans, factoring and leasing activities, accepting deposits and, subject to limitations, making investments and performing financial services. Investments are restricted to real estate for the bank’s own use, gold, foreign exchange and debt securities. Through subsidiaries, banks may also engage in other specific financial service activities such as securities brokerage services, mutual fund management, investment fund management, foreign capital fund management, financial advisory, securitization and factoring activities. Subject to specific limitations and the prior approval of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and the Central Bank, Chilean banks may own majority or non-controlling interests in foreign banks.

In March 2002, the Central Bank authorized banks to pay interest on current accounts and the Chilean Superintendency of Banks published guidelines permitting banks to offer and charge fees for the use of a current account product that pays interest. Under these guidelines, these accounts may be subject to a minimum balance and different interest rates depending on average balances held in the account. The Central Bank has imposed additional caps on the interest rate that can be charged by banks with a solvency score of less than A.

In June 2007, the Chilean Government passed Law No. 20,190, which amended various aspects of Chile’s capital markets regulatory framework, such as the General Banking Law, Securities, Insurance, Venture Capital and Tax law. Law No. 20,190 is aimed at improving the access to financing for start-up companies and small businesses in order to strengthen confidence in the stock market and to stimulate the development of the financial market in general. The General Banking Law was amended to achieve these ends by, among other things, revising regulations concerning demand deposits, increasing certain credit limits, and redefining the calculations to determine the proper amount for a bank’s reserves. In addition, the General Banking Law was amended to allow local banks to engage in derivatives such as options, swaps and forwards, thereby eliminating prior existing legal impediments to those practices.

As a consequence of Chile’s accession to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Congress introduced new corporate governance regulations in 2009. The Chilean Corporations Law and the Chilean Securities Markets Law were amended such that public companies with capital above 1,500,000 UF and that have at least 12.5% of their voting shares owned by shareholders representing less than 10% of the voting shares are required to have at least one independent director in their Board of Directors. In order to assure the independence of this director, certain requirements were set to protect minority shareholders’ decisions. In addition, regulation was passed to expand the kind of information that public companies must disclose to the market and to hold a company’ board of directors liable for the non-compliance with such disclosure obligations.

 

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Deposit Insurance

According to the Chilean General Banking Law, local or foreign currency denominated deposits at banks or financial companies are insured as described below.

The Chilean Government guarantees up to 100% of the principal amount of the following deposits held by individuals:

 

   

Deposits in current accounts;

 

   

Deposits in savings accounts;

 

   

Other demand deposits; and

 

   

Deposits in savings accounts with unlimited withdrawals.

In addition, the Chilean Government guarantees up to 90.0% of the principal amount of time deposits held by individuals in the Chilean banking system. This guarantee covers obligations with a maximum value of UF 108 per person (Ch$2,261,831 or U.S.$4,466.22 as of December 31, 2009).

Reserve Requirements

Deposits are subject to a reserve requirement of 9.0% for demand deposits and 3.6% for time deposits (with terms of less than one year). The Central Bank has statutory authority to increase these percentages to as much as 40% for demand deposits and as much as 20% for time deposits, to implement monetary policy.

In addition, Chilean banks must hold a certain amount of assets in cash or highly liquid instruments. This reserve requirement is equal to the amount by which the daily balance of deposits payable on demand, net of clearing, exceeds 2.5 times the amount of the bank’s Regulatory Capital. Deposits payable on demand include the following:

 

   

deposits in current accounts;

 

   

other demand deposits or obligations payable on demand and incurred in the ordinary course of business;

 

   

saving deposits that allow unconditional withdrawals that bear a stated maturity; and

 

   

other deposits unconditionally payable immediately.

Chilean regulations also require that (1) gaps between assets and liabilities maturing within less than 30 days do not exceed a bank’s Basic Capital and (2) gaps between assets and liabilities maturing within less than 90 days do not exceed twice a bank’s Basic Capital.

Minimum Capital

Under the Chilean General Banking Law, a bank must have a minimum paid-in capital and reserves of UF 800,000 (Ch$16,754 million or U.S.$33.1 million as of December 31, 2009). However, a bank may begin its operations with 50.0% of such amount, provided that it has a Regulatory Capital ratio (defined as Regulatory Capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets) of not less than 12.0%. When such a bank’s paid-in capital reaches UF 600,000 (Ch$12,566 million or U.S.$24.8 million as of December 31, 2009), the Regulatory Capital ratio requirement is reduced to 10.0%.

 

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Capital Adequacy Requirements

According to the General Banking Law, each bank should have Regulatory Capital of at least 8.0% of its risk-weighted assets, net of required allowances.

Banks should also have a Basic Capital of at least 3.0% of their total assets, net of required allowances.

The terms Regulatory Capital and Basic Capital are defined under “Presentation of Financial Information” at the beginning of this annual report.

Market Risk Regulations

In September 2005, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks introduced new regulations for measuring market risks (e.g., price and liquidity risks). This entity introduced standardized methodologies based on Basel Market Risk Measurement models for measuring and reporting price risks. These methodologies allow local banks to determine interest rate, foreign exchange (“FX”) and options risks (for FX and interest rate transactions) taken in both their trading and accrual books.

The trading book is composed of portfolios of debt and equity instruments that have a liquid secondary market and therefore their valuation at market prices and the corresponding P&L impact is representative of market conditions. In addition, all derivative transactions and the FX mismatches are also part of the trading book. The accrual book comprises all of the asset and liability balance sheet items that are not part of the trading book.

The regulation provides that the price risk of the trading book plus 8% of the risk-weighted assets (in the case of Banco de Chile, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks decided that, in light of the Bank’s merger with Citibank Chile, the applicable percentage would be 10%, not 8%.) may not be greater than Regulatory Capital. As of December 31, 2009, the price risk of our trading book totaled Ch$30,197 million.

The following table shows our regulatory risk availability, computed as the difference between the total risk (10% of the risk-weighted assets plus the trading book risk) and our Regulatory Capital, as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
    

(in millions of Ch$,

except percentage)

 

(a) 10% risk-weighted assets

   1,480,130   

(b) Trading price risk

   30,197   

(c = a + b) Total risk

   1,510,327   

(d) Regulatory Capital

   1,879,548   

(e = d - c) Risk Availability

   369,221   

(f = c/d) Risk used as a Percentage of Regulatory Capital

   80.4

Interest rate risk generated by the accrual book is measured against a self-imposed limit equal to the lesser of 12-month rolling net revenues and Basic Capital of the Bank.

The guidelines for measuring liquidity risk are mainly focused on constructing an expected cash flow analysis for the following 30 and 90 days, broken down by currency. Net outflows may not exceed the value of Basic Capital for the following 30 days or two times the value of Basic Capital for the following 90 days. Subject to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks’ approval, the cash flow analysis may include behavioral run-off assumptions for some specific liability balance sheets items (demand deposits, time deposits, etc.) and behavioral roll-over assumptions for some asset items of the consolidated statement of financial position data (loans, etc.).

 

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In June 2006, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks introduced new regulations relating to (a) the valuation process of debt instruments and (b) the measurement and reporting of credit risk generated by derivative transactions.

Prior to June 2006, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks allowed banks to classify debt instruments for accounting and business purposes as either “Trading” or “Held-to-Maturity” only. Starting in June 2006, a new alternative classification was added (“Available-for-Sale”). With these three classifications now in place, the Chilean classification framework is in line with current international standards prevalent in all major financial centers. No changes to the classification system have occurred since June 2006.

Credit risk for derivative transactions, for regulatory purposes, must be measured and reported as:

Derivatives Credit risk = Current Mark-to-Market (if positive) + Credit Risk Factor (%) * Notional Amount

The Current Mark-to-Market (or CMTM) of the transaction, if positive, reflects the amount of money owed by the customer today. In other words, the CMTM represents the amount the customer would pay us if the transaction was unwound today. As we are interested in measuring the amount of money that the customer would owe us at maturity, the potential future value of the transaction is added to the CMTM. This potential is measured as the Credit Risk Factor multiplied by the Notional Amount. The Credit Risk Factor reflects the potential fluctuation (under some specific confidence level) that the market factors involved in the transaction may have in the future until maturity, that positively (or negatively) impact the value (or risk) of the transaction for the bank. The regulator determines the Credit Risk Factor by considering market factors (interest rates, FX rates, equity prices, etc.) and the types of transactions (FX forwards, interest rate swaps, etc.).

Lending Limits

Under the General Banking Law, Chilean banks are subject to certain lending limits, including the following material limits:

 

   

A bank may not extend to any entity or individual, directly or indirectly, unsecured credit in an amount that exceeds 10.0% of the bank’s Regulatory Capital, or in an amount that exceeds 30.0% of its Regulatory Capital if the excess over 10.0% is secured by certain assets with a value equal to or higher than such excess.

 

   

In the case of financing infrastructure projects built through the concession mechanism, the 10.0% ceiling for unsecured credits is raised to 15.0% if secured by a pledge over the concession, or if granted by two or more banks or finance companies which have executed a credit agreement with the builder or holder of the concession.

 

   

A bank may not extend loans to another financial institution subject to the General Banking Law in an aggregate amount exceeding 30.0% of its Regulatory Capital.

 

   

A bank may not extend to any individual or entity that is, directly or indirectly, related to the ownership or management of the bank, credit under more favorable terms with respect to repayment conditions, interest rates or collateral than those granted to third parties in similar transactions. The aggregate amount of such credits granted to related persons may not exceed 5.0% of the bank’s Regulatory Capital. The 5.0% unsecured ceiling is raised to 25.0% of the bank’s Regulatory Capital if the excess over 5.0% is secured by certain assets with a value equal to or higher than such excess. In any case, the aggregate amount of these credits granted by the bank may not exceed the bank’s Regulatory Capital.

 

   

A bank may not directly or indirectly grant a loan, the purpose of which is to allow an individual or entity to acquire shares of the lender bank.

 

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A bank may not lend, directly or indirectly, to a director or any other person who has the power to act on behalf of the bank.

 

   

A bank may not grant loans to related parties (including holders of more than 1.0% of its shares) on more favorable terms than those generally offered to non-related parties. Loans granted to related parties are subject to the limitations described in the first bullet point above. The aggregate amount of loans to related parties may not exceed a bank’s Regulatory Capital.

In addition, the General Banking Law limits the aggregate amount of loans that a bank may grant to its employees to 1.5% of its Regulatory Capital and provides that no individual employee may receive loans in excess of 10.0% of this 1.5% limit. Notwithstanding these limitations, a bank may grant to each of its employees a single residential mortgage loan for personal use once during such employee’s term of employment.

Classification of Banks

The Chilean Superintendency of Banks regularly examines and evaluates each bank’s solvency and credit management process, including its compliance with loan classification guidelines. On the basis of this evaluation, it classifies banks into various categories.

Solvency and Management

In accordance with amended regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks effective as of January 1, 2004, banks are classified into categories “I” through “V” based upon their solvency and management ratings. This classification is confidential.

 

Category I:    This category is reserved for financial institutions that have been rated level A in terms of solvency and management.
Category II:    This category is reserved for financial institutions that have been rated (1) level A in terms of solvency and level B in terms of management, (2) level B in terms of solvency and level A in terms of management, or (3) level B in terms of solvency and level B in terms of management.
Category III:    This category is reserved for financial institutions that have been rated (1) level B in terms of solvency and level B in terms of management for two or more consecutive review periods, (2) level A in terms of solvency and level C in terms of management, or (3) level B in terms of solvency and level C in terms of management.
Category IV:    This category is reserved for financial institutions that are rated level A or B in terms of solvency and have been rated level C in terms of management for two or more consecutive review periods.
Category V:    This category is reserved for financial institutions that have been rated level C in terms of solvency, irrespective of their rating level of management.

A bank’s solvency rating is determined by its Regulatory Capital (after deducting accumulated losses during the financial year) to risk-weighted assets ratio. This ratio is equal to or greater than 10.0% for level A banks, equal to or greater than 8.0% and less than 10.0% for level B banks and less than 8.0% for level C banks.

With respect to a bank’s management rating, level A banks are those that are not rated as level B or C. Level B banks display some weakness in internal controls, information systems, response to risk, private risk rating or ability to manage contingency scenarios. Level C banks display significant deficiencies in internal controls, information systems, response to risk, private risk rating or ability to manage contingency scenarios.

 

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Obligations Denominated in Foreign Currencies

Foreign currency denominated obligations of Chilean banks are subject to two requirements:

 

   

a reserve requirement of 9.0% for demand deposits and 3.6% for time deposits. See “—Reserve Requirements” above; and

 

   

a bank’s aggregate amount of net foreign currency liabilities having an original maturity of less than 30 days cannot exceed its net capital base, and the aggregate amount of net foreign currency liabilities having an original maturity of less than 90 days cannot exceed twice its net capital base.

Capital Markets

Under the General Banking Law, banks in Chile may purchase, sell, place, underwrite and act as paying agents with respect to certain debt securities. Likewise, banks in Chile may place and underwrite certain equity securities. Bank subsidiaries may also engage in debt placement and dealing, equity issuance advice and securities brokerage, as well as mutual fund and investment fund administration, factoring, investment advisory services and merger and acquisition services. The Chilean Superintendency of Banks generally regulates these subsidiaries. However, the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance regulates some of these subsidiaries. The Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance is the regulator of the Chilean securities market and open stock corporations.

Legal Provisions Regarding Banking Institutions with Economic Difficulties

The General Banking Law provides that if specified adverse circumstances exist at any bank, its board of directors must correct the situation within 30 days from the date of receipt of the relevant financial statements. If the board of directors is unable to do so, it must call a special shareholders’ meeting to increase the capital of the bank by the amount necessary to return the bank to financial stability. If the shareholders reject the capital increase, or if it is not effected within the 30-day period and in the manner agreed to at the meeting, or if the Chilean Superintendency of Banks does not approve the board of directors’ proposal, the bank will be barred from increasing its loan portfolio beyond that stated in the financial statements presented to the board of directors and from making any further investments in any instrument other than instruments issued by the Central Bank. In such a case, or in the event that a bank is unable to make timely payment in respect of its obligations, or if a bank is under provisional administration of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, the General Banking Law provides that the bank may receive a two-year term loan from another bank. The terms and conditions of such a loan must be approved by the directors of both banks, as well as by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, but need not be submitted to the borrowing bank’s shareholders for their approval. A creditor bank may not grant such interbank loans to an insolvent bank in an amount exceeding 25.0% of the creditor bank’s Regulatory Capital. The board of directors of a bank that is unable to make timely payment of its obligations must present a reorganization plan to its creditors in order to capitalize the credits, extend their respective terms, forgive debts or take other measures for the payment of the debts. If the board of directors of a bank submits a reorganization plan to its creditors and such arrangement is approved, all subordinated debt issued by the bank, whether or not matured, will be converted by operation of law into common stock in the amount required for the ratio of Regulatory Capital to risk-weighted assets to be no lower than 12.0%. If a bank fails to pay an obligation, it must notify the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, which shall determine if the bank is solvent.

 

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Dissolution and Liquidation of Banks

The Chilean Superintendency of Banks may establish that a bank should be liquidated for the benefit of its depositors or other creditors when the bank does not have the necessary solvency to continue its operations. In such case, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks must revoke the bank’s authorization to exist and order its mandatory liquidation, subject to agreement by the Central Bank. The Chilean Superintendency of Banks must also revoke the bank’s authorization if the reorganization plan of the bank has been rejected twice. The resolution by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks must state the reason for ordering the liquidation and must name a liquidator, unless the Chilean Superintendency of Banks assumes this responsibility. When a liquidation is declared, all current accounts, other demand deposits received in the ordinary course of business, other deposits unconditionally payable immediately or that have a maturity of no more than 30 days, and any other deposits and receipts payable within 10 days of its maturity date, are required to be paid by using the bank’s existing funds, its deposits with the Central Bank, or its investments in instruments that represent its reserves. If these funds are insufficient to pay these obligations, the liquidator may seize the bank’s remaining assets, as needed. If necessary, and in specified circumstances, the Central Bank will lend the bank the funds necessary to pay these obligations. Any such loans are preferential to any claims of other creditors of the liquidated bank.

Investments in Foreign Securities

Under current Chilean banking regulations, banks in Chile may grant loans to foreign individuals and entities and invest in certain foreign currency securities. Chilean banks may only invest in equity securities of foreign banks and certain other foreign companies which may be affiliates of the bank or which would support the bank’s business if such companies were incorporated in Chile. Banks in Chile may also invest in debt securities traded in formal secondary markets. Such debt securities shall qualify as (1) securities issued or guaranteed by foreign sovereign states or their central banks or other foreign or international financial entities, and (2) bonds issued by foreign companies. Such foreign currency securities must have a minimum rating as indicated in the table below:

 

Rating Agency

   Short Term    Long Term

Moody’s

   P2    Baa3

Standard and Poor’s

   A3    BBB-

Fitch IBCA

   F2    BBB-

A Chilean bank may invest in securities having a minimum rating as follows, provided that if the total amount of these investments exceeds 20% (or 30% in certain cases) of the Regulatory Capital of the bank, an allowance of 100% of the excess shall be established by the bank:

 

Rating Agency

   Short Term    Long Term

Moody’s

   P2    Ba3

Standard and Poor’s

   A3    BB-

Fitch IBCA

   F2    BB-

If investments in these securities and certain loans referred to below exceed 70% of the Regulatory Capital of the bank, an allowance for 100% of the excess shall be established, unless the excess, up to 70% of the bank’s Regulatory Capital, is invested in securities having a minimum rating as follows:

 

Rating Agency

   Short Term    Long Term

Moody’s

   P1    Aa3

Standard and Poor’s

   A-1+    AA-

Fitch IBCA

   F1+    AA-

Subject to specific conditions, a bank may grant loans in dollars to subsidiaries or branches of Chilean companies located abroad, to companies listed on foreign stock exchanges located in countries with an international risk rating not less than BB- or its equivalent and, in general, to individuals and entities residing or domiciled abroad.

 

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In the event that the sum of the investments of a bank in foreign currency and the commercial and foreign trade loans granted to foreign individuals and entities exceeds 70.0% of the Regulatory Capital of such bank, the excess is subject to a mandatory reserve of 100.0%.

Procedures for the Management of Information of Interest to the Market

In order to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Chilean Securities Market Law and regulations, issued by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance and the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, the Board of Directors of Banco de Chile approved, on October 24, 2008, the Manual for the Management of Information of Interest to the Market (the “Manual”).

The Manual’s main objective is to provide timely disclosure of Banco de Chile’s policies and internal regulations in connection with the disclosure of information to the public and the systems that have been implemented at the Bank.

In addition, these policies and internal regulations establish codes of conduct that Banco de Chile’s employees and other persons with access to certain information must comply with in order to protect information related to the Bank.

The Manual is available to the general public on Banco de Chile’s web page at www.bancochile.cl.

Prevention of Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism

On March 6, 2006, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks issued regulations governing the requirements applicable to banks with respect to prevention of money laundering and terrorism financing. The regulations are aimed at incorporating international anti-money laundering (“AML”) and terrorism financing laws to the Chilean banking industry. Pursuant to the regulations, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks requires that banks implement an Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing system based mainly on the “know your customer” concept. Moreover, these policies and procedures must be approved by the board of directors and must take into account the volume and complexity of its operations and other related parties.

Based on these requirements, a Customer Identification Program (as part of the Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing) is needed to enable the Bank to reestablish the reasonable belief that it knows the true identity of its customers. In general, the program includes:

 

   

properly identifying customers, including their background, source and amount of funds, country of origin and other risk factors;

 

   

identifying what the Chilean Superintendency of Banks has defined as “persons politically exposed at the international level,” or PEPs, both within Chile and internationally;

 

   

establishing procedures to open accounts and products, with different documentation requirements needed for different types of accounts and products.

The Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing system required by local regulations must also include the following components:

 

   

AML policies and procedures aimed at preventing the Bank from being used as an intermediary to carry out money laundering operations;

 

   

Creation of a Compliance Officer on a senior management level who is responsible for coordinating and monitoring day-to-day AML compliance;

 

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Establishment of an AML Committee, whose main function is planning and coordinating the fulfillment of AML policies and procedures. Our AML Committee gathers on a monthly basis and its membership includes the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, Legal Counsel, Operations and Technology Manager, CEO of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., the Risk Control Manager and the Global Compliance Head. In addition, we have also established a Transaction Analysis Committee, whose purpose is to analyze suspicious transactions, determine continuity of business with such clients and report these matters to the Financial Analysis Unit;

 

   

Use of software tools to detect, monitor and report unusual operations related to transactions made by customers on different products;

 

   

Implementation of personnel selection policies and a training program, in order to prevent money laundering issues;

 

   

Establishment of a Code of Conduct, in order to, among other things, guide employee behavior and prevent possible conflicts of interest; and

 

   

Independent testing in the Compliance area, which must be conducted by the Bank’s Internal Audit Department.

 

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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The following diagram presents our current corporate structure, including our subsidiaries and their respective ownership interests:

LOGO

With the exception of Banchile Trade Services Limited, which was incorporated in Hong Kong, all of the subsidiaries presented above have their jurisdiction of incorporation in the Republic of Chile.

PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

We are domiciled in Chile and own the building located at Paseo Ahumada 251, Santiago, Chile, that is approximately 77,500 square meters and serves as the headquarters for the Bank and its subsidiaries. In addition, we own an approximately 15,600 square meter building located at Huerfanos 740, Santiago, Chile where the remainder of our executive offices are located. As of December 31, 2009, we owned the properties on which 165 of our full-service branches and other points of sale are located (approximately 129,110 square meters of office space). As of December 31, 2009, we had leased office space for our remaining 235 full-service branches and other points of sale, as well as for our representative offices. We also own properties throughout Chile for back office and administrative operations, as well as for storage of documents and other purposes. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our present needs and suitable for their intended purposes.

We also own approximately 133,500 square meters in mainly recreational physical facilities in Chile, which we use to assist our employees in maintaining a healthy work and life balance and which we use for incentive and integration activities.

For a description of the effects of the massive earthquake on our assets, see “––Principal Business Activities––Distribution Channels and Electronic Banking––Effects of Massive Earthquake on our Assets” above.

 

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SELECTED STATISTICAL INFORMATION

The following information is included for analytical purposes and should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements as well as “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”

Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest Bearing Liabilities

The average balances for interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, including interest and readjustments received and paid, have been calculated on the basis of our daily balances and on the basis of monthly balances for our subsidiaries. These average balances are presented in Chilean pesos (Ch$), in UF and in foreign currencies (principally the U.S. dollar). The UF is an inflation-indexed Chilean monetary unit of account with a value in Chilean pesos which is linked to, and which is adjusted daily to reflect changes in, the Consumer Price Index of the Chilean National Institute of Statistics.

The nominal interest rate has been calculated by dividing the amount of interest and principal readjustment gain or loss during the period by the related average balance, both amounts expressed in constant pesos. The nominal rates calculated for each period have been converted into real rates using the following formulas:

 

  

LOGO

 

and

 

LOGO

  

Where:

Rp = real average rate for peso-denominated assets and liabilities (in Ch$ and UF) for the period;

Rd = real average rate for foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities for the period;

Np = nominal average rate for peso-denominated assets and liabilities for the period;

Nd = nominal average rate for foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities for the period;

D = devaluation rate of the Chilean peso to the dollar for the period; and

I = inflation rate in Chile for the period (based on the variation of the Consumer Price Index).

The real interest rate can be negative for a portfolio of peso-denominated loans when the inflation rate for the period is higher than the average nominal rate of the loan portfolio for the same period. A similar effect could occur for a portfolio of foreign currency denominated loans when the inflation rate for the period is higher than the combined effect of the devaluation rate for the period and the corresponding average nominal rate of the portfolio.

The formula for the average real rate for foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities (Rd) reflects a gain or loss in purchasing power caused by the difference between the devaluation rate of the Chilean peso and the inflation rate in Chile during the period.

 

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The following example illustrates the calculation of the real interest rate for a U.S. dollar asset bearing a nominal annual interest rate of 10% (Nd = 0.10), assuming a 5% annual devaluation rate (D = 0.05) and a 12% annual inflation rate (I = 0.12):

LOGO

In the example, since the inflation rate was higher than the devaluation rate, the real rate is lower than the nominal rate in dollars. If, for example, the annual devaluation rate were 15%, using the same numbers, the real rate in Chilean pesos would be 12.9%, which is higher than the nominal rate in dollars. Using the same numbers, if the annual inflation rate were greater than 15.5%, the real rate would be negative.

Included in cash and due from banks are current accounts maintained in the Central Bank and overseas banks. Such assets have a distorting effect on the average interest rate earned on total interest earning assets because of balances maintained in:

 

   

the Central Bank, only the portion that is legally required to be held for liquidity purposes earns interest; and

 

   

overseas banks earn interest on certain accounts in certain countries.

Consequently, the average interest earned on such assets is comparatively low. These deposits are maintained by us in these accounts to comply with statutory requirements and to facilitate international business, rather than to earn income.

The monetary gain or loss on interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities is not included as a component of interest revenue or interest expense because inflation effects are taken into account in the calculation of real interest rates.

 

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The following tables set forth, by currency of denomination, average balances and, where applicable, interest amounts and nominal and real rates for our assets and liabilities under IFRS for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  
     Average
balance
   Interest
earned(1)
   Average
nominal
rate
    Average
real rate
    Average
balance
   Interest
earned(1)
   Average
nominal
rate
    Average
real rate
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Assets

                    

Interest earning assets

                    

Cash and due from banks

                    

Ch$

   Ch$ 411,600    Ch$ 391    0.09   (6.91 %)    Ch$ 462,300    Ch$ 17    —        1.40

UF

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     

Foreign currency

     380,921      2,997    0.79      18.92        352,163      173    0.05      (18.33
                                    

Total

     792,521      3,388    0.43      5.50        814,463      190    0.02      (7.13
                                    

Financial investments

                    

Ch$

     853,423      62,619    7.34      (0.18     816,111      28,762    3.52      4.97   

UF

     322,485      36,753    11.40      3.60        619,451      6,086    0.98      2.40   

Foreign currency

     203,955      5,053    2.48      20.92        192,708      7,408    3.84      (15.24
                                    

Total

     1,379,863      104,425    7.57      3.82        1,628,270      42,256    2.60      1.60   
                                    

Loans in advance to banks

                    

Ch$

     158,643      15,342    9.67      1.99        204,703      5,479    2.68      4.11   

UF

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     

Foreign currency

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     
                                    

Total

     158,643      15,342    9.67      1.99        204,703      5,479    2.68      4.11   
                                    

Commercial loans

                    

Ch$

     3,399,586      321,859    9.47      1.80        3,758,821      275,631    7.33      8.83   

UF

     3,544,228      481,192    13.58      5.62        3,239,648      76,109    2.35      3.78   

Foreign currency

     1,662,610      92,525    5.57      24.56        1,540,276      64,139    4.16      (14.97
                                    

Total

     8,606,424      895,576    10.41      7.77        8,538,745      415,879    4.87      2.62   
                                    

Consumer loans

                    

Ch$

     1,814,183      372,977    20.56      12.12        1,831,744      378,004    20.64      22.32   

UF

     34,337      5,573    16.23      8.09        40,354      1,627    4.03      5.49   

Foreign currency

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     
                                    

Total

     1,848,520      378,550    20.48      12.04        1,872,098      379,631    20.28      21.96   
                                    

Residential mortgage loans

                    

Ch$

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     

UF

     2,167,810      301,013    13.89      5.91        2,359,746      57,351    2.43      3.86   

Foreign currency

     —        —      —        —          —        —      —        —     
                                    

Total

     2,167,810      301,013    13.89      5.91        2,359,746      57,351    2.43      3.86   
                                    

Repurchase agreement

                    

Ch$

     49,418      4,639    9.39      1.73        13,799      1,193    8.65      10.17   

UF

     —        —      —        —          28,331      —      —        —     

Foreign currency

     2,668      27    1.01      19.19        625      —      —        —     
                                    

Total

     52,086      4,666    8.96      2.62        42,755      1,193    2.79      3.28   
                                    

Total interest earnings assets

                    

Ch$

     6,686,853      777,827    11.63      3.81        7,087,478      689,086    9.72      11.26   

UF

     6,068,860      824,531    13.59      5.63        6,287,530      141,173    2.25      3.68   

Foreign currency

     2,250,154      100,602    4.47      23.27        2,085,772      71,720    3.44      (15.57
                                    

Total

   Ch$ 15,005,867    Ch$ 1,702,960    11.35   7.47   Ch$ 15,460,780    Ch$ 901,979    5.83   4.56
                                    

 

(1) Interest earned includes interest accrued on trading securities.

 

59


Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     Average
balance
    Interest
earned(1)
   Average
nominal
rate
   Average
real rate
   Average
balance
    Interest
earned(1)
   Average
nominal
rate
   Average
real rate
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)

IFRS:

                     

Assets

                     

Non-interest earning assets

                     

Transaction in the course of collection

                     

Ch$

   Ch$ 287,211      Ch$ —      —      —      Ch$ 234,486      Ch$ —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        9        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     223,668        —      —      —        149,347        —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     510,879        —      —      —        383,842        —      —      —  
                                         

Allowances for loan losses

                     

Ch$

     (168,266     —      —      —        (260,879     —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     (168,266     —      —      —        (260,879     —      —      —  
                                         

Derivatives

                     

Ch$

     692,853        —      —      —        604,845        —      —      —  

UF

     4        —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     62,310        —      —      —        43,429        —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     755,167        —      —      —        648,274        —      —      —  
                                         

Investment in other companies

                     

Ch$

     11,350        —      —      —        9,024        —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     2        —      —      —        2        —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     11,352        —      —      —        9,026        —      —      —  
                                         

Intangible assets

                     

Ch$

     92,474        —      —      —        89,144        —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     92,474        —      —      —        89,144        —      —      —  
                                         

Fixed assets

                     

Ch$

     214,320        —      —      —        210,711        —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     214,320        —      —      —        210,711        —      —      —  
                                         

Current tax assets

                     

Ch$

     4,426        —      —      —        1,185        —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     4,426        —      —      —        1,185        —      —      —  
                                         

Deferred tax assets

                     

Ch$

     54,299        —      —      —        62,627        —      —      —  

UF

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —          —      —      —        —          —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     54,299        —      —      —        62,627        —      —      —  
                                         

Other assets

                     

Ch$

     154,356        —      —      —        84,941        —      —      —  

UF

     38,847        —      —      —        579,991        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     39,908        —      —      —        12,650        —      —      —  
                                         

Total

     233,111        —      —      —        677,582        —      —      —  
                                         

Total non-interest earning assets

                     

Ch$

     1,343,023        —      —      —        1,036,084        —      —      —  

UF

     38,851        —      —      —        580,000        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     325,888        —      —      —        205,428        —      —      —  
                                         

Total

   Ch$ 1,707,762        —      —      —      Ch$ 1,821,512        —      —      —  
                                         

Total assets

                     

Ch$

     8,029,876        777,827    —      —        8,123,562        689,086    —      —  

UF

     6,107,711        824,531    —      —        6,867,530        141,173    —      —  

Foreign currency

     2,576,042        100,602    —      —        2,291,200        71,720    —      —  
                                         

Total

   Ch$ 16,713,629      Ch$ 1,702,960    —      —      Ch$ 17,282,292      Ch$ 901,979    —      —  
                                         

 

(1) Interest earned includes interest accrued on trading securities.

 

60


Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  
     Average
balance
   Interest
paid
   Average
nominal
rate
    Average
real rate
    Average
balance
   Interest
paid
   Average
nominal
rate
    Average
real rate
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

                    

Liabilities

                    

Interest bearing liabilities

                    

Savings accounts

                    

Ch$

   Ch$ 4,088,010    Ch$ 308,631    7.55   0.02   Ch$ 3,919,286    Ch$ 140,615    3.59   5.04

UF

     2,316,179      256,992    11.10      3.32        2,434,064      7,475    0.31      1.71   

Foreign currency

     1,190,174      44,533    3.74      22.41        1,214,967      20,711    1.70      (16.98
                                    

Total

     7,594,363      610,156    8.03      4.53        7,568,317      168,801    2.23      0.43   
                                    

Repurchase agreements

                    

Ch$

     399,459      26,013    6.51      (0.95     239,295      5,535    2.31      3.74   

UF

     2,914      56    1.92      (5.22     31,354      725    2.31      3.74   

Foreign currency

     36,972      2,404    6.50      25.67        4,409      99    2.25      (16.54
                                    

Total

     439,345      28,473    6.48      1.26        275,058      6,359    2.31      3.42   
                                    

Borrowings from financial institutions

                    

Ch$

     53,180      4,035    7.59      0.05        67,314      2,479    3.68      5.13   

UF

     11,672      43    0.37      (6.66     2,972      1    0.03      1.43   

Foreign currency

     1,158,841      240    0.02      18.02        1,126,865      23    —        (18.37
                                    

Total

     1,223,693      4,318    0.35      17.00        1,197,151      2,503    0.21      (17.00
                                    

Debt issued

                    

Ch$

     35,901      3,204    8.92      1.30        17,885      1,264    7.07      8.57   

UF

     1,578,506      216,361    13.71      5.74        1,565,522      26,032    1.66      3.09   

Foreign currency

     116,589      6,617    5.68      24.69        130,222      4,942    3.80      (15.28
                                    

Total

     1,730,996      226,182    13.07      6.93        1,713,629      32,238    1.88      1.75   
                                    

Other financial obligations

                    

Ch$

     29,578      400    1.35      (5.75     41,019      848    2.07      3.50   

UF

     5,477      1,239    22.62      14.04        12,242      —      —        —     

Foreign currency

     60,147      22,313    37.10      61.77        48,738      21,279    43.66      17.26   
                                    

Total

     95,202      23,952    25.16      38.05        101,999      22,127    21.69      9.66   
                                    

Total interest bearing liabilities

                    

Ch$

     4,606,128      342,283    7.43      (0.09     4,284,799      150,741    3.52      4.97   

UF

     3,914,748      474,691    12.13      4.27        4,046,154      34,233    0.85      2.26   

Foreign currency

     2,562,723      76,107    2.97      21.50        2,525,201      47,054    1.86      (16.85
                                    

Total

   Ch$ 11,083,599    Ch$ 893,081    8.06   6.44   Ch$ 10,856,154    Ch$ 232,028    2.14   (1.12 %) 
                                    

 

61


Table of Contents
     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     Average
balance
   Interest
paid
   Average
nominal
rate
   Average
real rate
   Average
balance
   Interest
paid
   Average
nominal
rate
   Average
real rate
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)

IFRS:

                       

Liabilities

Non–interest bearing liabilities

                       

Current account and demand deposit

                       

Ch$

   Ch$ 2,348,316    Ch$ —      —      —      Ch$ 2,665,304    Ch$ —      —      —  

UF

     11,416      —      —      —        13,117      —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     343,295      —      —      —        454,883      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     2,703,027      —      —      —        3,133,304      —      —      —  
                                       

Transaction in the course of payment

                       

Ch$

     166,951      —      —      —        132,821      —      —      —  

UF

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     178,560      —      —      —        133,966      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     345,511      —      —      —        266,787      —      —      —  
                                       

Derivatives

                       

Ch$

     695,031      —      —      —        610,155      —      —      —  

UF

     2,903      —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     51,962      —      —      —        61,940      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     749,896      —      —      —        672,095      —      —      —  
                                       

Current liabilities

                       

Ch$

     11,624      —      —      —        15,401      —      —      —  

UF

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     11,624      —      —      —        15,401      —      —      —  
                                       

Deferred tax liabilities

                       

Ch$

     42,928      —      —      —        37,291      —      —      —  

UF

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     42,928      —      —      —        37,291      —      —      —  
                                       

Provisions

                       

Ch$

     68,674      —      —      —        64,697      —      —      —  

UF

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     1,498      —      —      —        —        —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     70,172      —      —      —        64,697      —      —      —  
                                       

Other liabilities

                       

Ch$

     172,864      —      —      —        108,883      —      —      —  

UF

     16,192      —      —      —        568,572      —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     24,678      —      —      —        5,367      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     213,734      —      —      —        682,822      —      —      —  
                                       

Equity

                       

Ch$

     1,437,637      —      —      —        1,553,104      —      —      —  

UF

     —        —      —      —        —        —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     55,501      —      —      —        637      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

     1,493,138      —      —      —        1,553,741      —      —      —  
                                       

Total non-interest bearing liabilities and equity

                       

Ch$

     4,944,025      —      —      —        5,187,656      —      —      —  

UF

     30,511      —      —      —        581,689      —      —      —  

Foreign currency

     655,494      —      —      —        656,793      —      —      —  
                                       

Total

   Ch$ 5,630,030      —      —      —      Ch$ 6,426,138      —      —      —  
                                       

Total liabilities and equity

                       

Ch$

     9,550,153      342,283    —      —        9,472,455      150,741    —      —  

UF

     3,945,259      474,691    —      —        4,627,843      34,233    —      —  

Foreign currency

     3,218,217      76,107    —      —        3,181,994      47,054    —      —  
                                       

Total

   Ch$ 16,713,629    Ch$ 893,081    —      —      Ch$ 17,282,292    Ch$ 232,028    —      —  
                                       

 

62


Table of Contents

Interest Earning Assets and Net Interest Margin

The following table sets forth, by currency of denomination, the levels of our average interest earning assets and net interest, and illustrates the comparative margins obtained, for each of the periods indicated.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

    

Total average interest earning assets

    

Ch$

   Ch$ 6,686,853      Ch$ 7,087,478   

UF

     6,068,860        6,287,530   

Foreign currency

     2,250,154        2,085,772   
                

Total

     15,005,867        15,460,780   
                

Net interest earned(1)

    

Ch$

     435,544        538,345   

UF

     349,840        106,940   

Foreign currency

     24,495        24,666   
                

Total

   Ch$ 809,879      Ch$ 669,951   
                

Net interest margin, nominal basis(2)

    

Ch$

     6.51     7.60

UF

     5.76        1.70   

Foreign currency

     1.09        1.18   
                

Total

     5.40     4.33
                

 

(1) Net interest earned is defined as interest revenue earned less interest expense incurred.
(2) Net interest margin, nominal basis is defined as net interest earned divided by average interest earning assets.

 

63


Table of Contents

Changes in Net Interest Income—Volume and Rate Analysis

The following tables compare, by currency of denomination, changes in our net interest income between 2008 and 2009 caused by (i) changes in the average volume of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and (ii) changes in their respective nominal interest rates. Volume and rate variances have been calculated based on movements in average balances over the period and changes in nominal interest rate, average interest earning assets and average interest bearing liabilities. The net change attributable to changes in both volume and rate has been allocated proportionately to the change in volume and the change in rate.

 

     Increase (Decrease)
from 2008 to 2009
due to changes in
    Net change
from

2008 to 2009
 
     Volume     Rate    
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

      

Assets

Interest earning assets

      

Cash and due from banks

      

Ch$

   Ch$ 43      Ch$ (417   Ch$ (374

UF

     —          —          —     

Foreign currency

     (210     (2,614     (2,824
                        

Total

     (167     (3,031     (3,198
                        

Financial investments

      

Ch$

     (2,627     (31,230     (33,857

UF

     18,322        (48,989     (30,667

Foreign currency

     (293     2,648        2,355   
                        

Total

     15,402        (77,571     (62,169
                        

Loans in advance to banks

      

Ch$

     3,532        (13,395     (9,863

UF

     —          —          —     

Foreign currency

     —          —          —     
                        

Total

     3,532        (13,395     (9,863
                        

Commercial loans

      

Ch$

     31,564        (77,792     (46,228

UF

     (38,133     (366,950     (405,083

Foreign currency

     (6,420     (21,966     (28,386
                        

Total

     (12,989     (466,708     (479,697
                        

Consumer loans

      

Ch$

     3,620        1,407        5,027   

UF

     838        (4,784     (3,946

Foreign currency

     —          —          —     
                        

Total

     4,458        (3,377     1,081   
                        

Residential mortgage loans

      

Ch$

     —          —          —     

UF

     24,520        (268,182     (243,662

Foreign currency

     —          —          —     
                        

Total

     24,520        (268,182     (243,662
                        

Repurchase agreement

      

Ch$

     (3,106     (340     (3,446

UF

     —          —          —     

Foreign currency

     (12     (15     (27
                        

Total

     (3,118     (355     (3,473
                        

Total interest earning assets

      

Ch$

     33,026        (121,767     (88,741

UF

     5,547        (688,905     (683,358

Foreign currency

     (6,935     (21,947     (28,882
                        

Total

   Ch$ 31,638      Ch$ (832,619   Ch$ (800,981
                        

 

64


Table of Contents
     Increase (Decrease)
from 2008 to 2009
due to changes in
    Net change
from

2008 to 2009
 
     Volume     Rate    
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Liabilities

Interest bearing liabilities

      

Savings accounts and time deposits

      

Ch$

   Ch$ (12,251   Ch$ (155,765   Ch$ (168,016

UF

     12,447        (261,964     (249,517

Foreign currency

     909        (24,731     (23,822
                        

Total

     1,105        (442,460     (441,355
                        

Repurchase agreements

      

Ch$

     (7,851     (12,627     (20,478

UF

     655        14        669   

Foreign currency

     (1,322     (983     (2,305
                        

Total

     (8,518     (13,596     (22,114
                        

Borrowing from financial institutions

      

Ch$

     884        (2,440     (1,556

UF

     (19     (23     (42

Foreign currency

     (6     (211     (217
                        

Total

     859        (2,674     (1,815
                        

Debt issued

      

Ch$

     (1,371     (569     (1,940

UF

     (1,765     (188,564     (190,329

Foreign currency

     707        (2,382     (1,675
                        

Total

     (2,429     (191,515     (193,944
                        

Other financial obligation

      

Ch$

     189        259        448   

UF

     685        (1,924     (1,239

Foreign currency

     (4,620     3,586        (1,034
                        

Total

     (3,746     1,921        (1,825
                        

Total interest bearing liabilities

      

Ch$

     (20,400     (171,142     (191,542

UF

     12,003        (452,461     (440,458

Foreign currency

     (4,332     (24,721     (29,053
                        

Total

   Ch$ (12,729   Ch$ (648,324   Ch$ (661,053
                        

 

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Financial Investments

(a) Financial assets held-for-trading:

The detail of instruments classified as financial assets held-for-trading is as follows:

 

     As of
January 1,
   As of December 31,    Weighted Average
Nominal Rate as
of December 31,
2009
 
     2008    2008    2009   
     (in millions of Ch$)    %  

IFRS:

           

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and the Central Bank:

           

Central Bank bonds

   Ch$ 140,057    Ch$ 217,317    Ch$ 62,477    3.38

Central Bank promissory notes

     161,991      7,091      2,621    2.81   

Other instruments issued by the Chilean Government and the Central Bank

     687      80,085      96,996    4.02   

Other instruments issued in Chile:

           

Deposit promissory notes from domestic banks

     401,740      —        —      —     

Mortgage bonds from domestic banks

     54,243      4,527      2,556    3.92   

Bonds from domestic banks

     17,679      11,883      2,732    3.72   

Deposits in domestic banks

     —        259,562      182,995    3.72   

Bonds from other Chilean companies

     104,354      5,488      —      —     

Other instruments issued in Chile

     1,227      332      1,213    —     

Instruments issued by foreign institutions:

           

Instruments from foreign governments or central banks

     24,411      —        —      —     

Other instruments issued abroad

     22,245      40,579      —      —     
                           

Total

   Ch$ 928,634    Ch$ 626,864    Ch$ 351,590    3.74
                           

Instruments issued by the Chilean government and the Central Bank include instruments sold under agreements to repurchase to customers and financial institutions, amounting to Ch$48,727 million as of January 1, 2008, Ch$9,012 million as of December 31, 2008 and Ch$15,260 million as of December 31, 2009. Under the categories “Other instruments issued in Chile” and “Instruments issued by foreign institutions” are instruments sold under agreements to repurchase to customers and financial instruments, amounting to Ch$190,472 million as of January 1, 2008, Ch$243,592 million as of December 31, 2008 and Ch$183,135 million as of December 31, 2009.

 

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(b) Investment Portfolio:

The detail of instruments classified as financial assets available-for-sale and as financial assets held-to-maturity is as follows:

(i) Financial assets available-for-sale

 

     As of
January 1,
   As of December 31,    Weighted average
nominal rate as of
December 31,
2009
 
     2008    2008    2009   
     (in millions of Ch$)    %  

IFRS:

           

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and the Central Bank:

           

Bonds issued by the Chilean Government and the

           

Central Bank

   Ch$ —      Ch$ 178,388    Ch$ 25,880    2.29

Promissory notes issued by the Chilean Government and the Central Bank

     —        203,577      285,486    5.91   

Other instruments

     —        41,716      136,923    2.29   

Other instruments issued in Chile:

           

Equity instruments valued at cost

     1,062      2,114      2,112    —     

Deposit promissory notes from domestic banks

     —        —        —      —     

Mortgage bonds from domestic banks

     —        63,696      79,220    4.39   

Bonds from domestic banks

     —        66,265      55,111    4.31   

Deposits from domestic banks

     —        368,341      407,432    1.16   

Bonds from other Chilean companies

     —        46,569      73,174    4.84   

Instruments issued by Foreign Institutions:

           

Instruments from foreign governments or central banks

     —        —        —      —     

Other instruments issued abroad

     —        102,886      202,436    6.61   
                           

Total

   Ch$ 1,062    Ch$ 1,073,552    Ch$ 1,267,774    3.79
                           

The portfolio of financial assets available-for-sale included a net unrealized loss of Ch$14,352 million as of December 31, 2008 and a net unrealized gain of Ch$8,839 million as of December 31, 2009, in each case recorded in other comprehensive income within equity.

(ii) Financial assets held-to-maturity

In anticipation of the sale of our foreign branches to Citigroup as part of the merger with Citibank Chile, our foreign branches liquidated their positions during the last quarter of 2007. As a result, there are no securities reported under this category as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009.

 

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(c) Maturity of Financial Investments:

The maturities of financial assets held-for-trading and financial assets available-for-sale, as of December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     Due within 1
year
   Due after 1 year
but within 3
years
   Due after 3
years but within
6 years
   Due after 6
years
   Total
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Financial assets held-for-trading (1)

   Ch$ 351,590    Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 351,590

Financial assets available-for-sale

     715,030      114,492      137,354      300,898      1,267,774
                                  

Total

   Ch$ 1,066,620    Ch$ 114,492    Ch$ 137,354    Ch$ 300,898    Ch$ 1,619,364
                                  

 

(1) Financial assets held-for-trading are classified as due in one year or less, because they are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the short term.

Loan Portfolio

The following table sets forth our loans by type of loan and risk classification. All loan amounts stated below are before deduction of allowances for loan losses.

 

     As of January 1,    As of December 31,
     2008    2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

        

Commercial loans:

        

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 4,957,598    Ch$ 6,495,383    Ch$ 6,693,165

Foreign trade loans

     856,545      1,532,302      786,874

Current account debtors

     265,061      193,031      135,402

Factoring transactions

     470,183      484,189      343,057

Commercial lease transactions

     652,503      723,857      696,040

Other loans and accounts receivable

     18,534      30,451      66,638
                    

Subtotal

     7,220,424      9,459,213      8,721,176
                    

Mortgage loans:

        

Mortgage bonds

     276,686      263,876      208,971

Endorsable mortgage loans

     217,877      230,003      238,875

Other residential real state mortgage loans

     1,482,601      1,822,185      2,078,099

Residential lease transactions

     —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

     1,032      1,012      1,061
                    

Subtotal

     1,978,196      2,317,076      2,527,006
                    

Consumer loans:

        

Consumer loans in installments

     919,092      1,345,985      1,346,188

Current account debtors

     214,931      250,158      235,366

Credit card debtors

     220,438      312,109      360,880

Consumer lease transactions

     61      54      —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

     1,085      977      640
                    

Subtotal

     1,355,607      1,909,283      1,943,074
                    

Total loans

   Ch$ 10,554,227    Ch$ 13,685,572    Ch$ 13,191,256
                    

The loan categories are as follows:

 

   

“Commercial Loans” are loans and accounts receivable from clients not included within the mortgage or consumer loans categories.

 

   

“Mortgage Loans” include mortgage loans granted to individuals to acquire, expand, repair or build a home, issued as mortgage bonds, endorsable mortgage loans or by other methods. It also includes supplementary loans for the same purposes and bridge loans granted before the mortgage loan has been settled. This subcategory also includes residential real estate lease transactions and other accounts receivable.

 

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“Consumer Loans” are all loans granted to individuals to be used for purchasing goods or services. These include different types of loans (either installments or revolving), as well as balances from credit card transactions or overdrafts on current accounts belonging to individuals. Consumer loans also include consumer lease transactions and other accounts receivable. Consumer loans do not include loans granted to finance business activities that the debtor is developing or that it may develop.

Maturity and Interest Rate Sensitivity of Loans as of December 31, 2009

The following table sets forth an analysis by type and time remaining to maturity of our loans as of December 31, 2009:

 

     Balance as of
December 31,
2009
   Due within
1 month
   Due after 1
month but
within 6

months
   Due after 6
months but
within 12
months
   Due after 1
year but
within 3

years
   Due after 3
years but
within 5

years
   Due after
5 years
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Commercial loans:

                    

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 6,693,165    Ch$ 607,021    Ch$ 1,535,927    Ch$ 1,035,593    Ch$ 1,510,902    Ch$ 872,605    Ch$ 1,131,117

Foreign trade loans

     786,874      186,593      420,201      51,009      72,640      44,238      12,193

Current account debtors

     135,402      135,402      —        —        —        —        —  

Factoring loans

     343,057      226,703      62,406      21,684      28,665      3,460      139

Leasing loans

     696,040      23,587      89,501      91,288      241,764      112,165      137,735

Other loans

     66,638      57,869      1,944      197      404      6,217      7
                                                

Subtotal

     8,721,176      1,237,175      2,109,979      1,199,771      1,854,375      1,038,685      1,281,191
                                                

Mortgage Loans:

                    

Mortgage bonds

     208,971      3,769      10,139      12,388      46,946      42,720      93,009

Endorsable mortgage loans

     238,875      3,302      9,317      10,131      40,614      39,772      135,739

Residential mortgage loans

     2,078,099      17,355      43,751      53,469      221,920      232,179      1,509,425

Leasing loans

     —        —        —        —        —        —        —  

Other loans

     1,061      365      44      52      185      111      304
                                                

Subtotal

     2,527,006      24,791      63,251      76,040      309,665      314,782      1,738,477
                                                

Consumer loans:

                    

Consumer loans

     1,346,188      68,970      235,198      238,973      632,163      160,380      10,504

Current account debtors

     235,366      235,366      —        —        —        —        —  

Credit card

     360,880      342,239      14,709      —        —        3,932      —  

Leasing loans

     —        —        —        —        —        —        —  

Other loans

     640      640      —        —        —        —        —  
                                                

Subtotal

     1,943,074      647,215      249,907      238,973      632,163      164,312      10,504
                                                

Total loans

   Ch$ 13,191,256    Ch$ 1,909,181    Ch$ 2,423,137    Ch$ 1,514,784    Ch$ 2,796,203    Ch$ 1,517,779    Ch$ 3,030,172
                                                

 

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The following table sets forth the interest rate sensitivity of our outstanding loans due after one year as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Variable rate

  

Ch$

   Ch$ 635,919

UF

     602,321

Foreign currency

     236,221
      

Total

     1,474,461
      

Fixed rate

  

Ch$

     1,600,180

UF

     4,166,795

Foreign currency

     102,718
      

Total

     5,869,693
      

Total

   Ch$ 7,344,154
      

 

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Loans by Economic Activity

The following table sets forth under IFRS, at the dates indicated, an analysis of our loan portfolio based on the borrower’s principal economic activity. Loans to individuals for business purposes are allocated to their respective economic activity.

 

     As of January 1,     As of December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     Loan
Portfolio
   % of Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
   % of Loan
Portfolio
    Loan
Portfolio
   % of Loan
Portfolio
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Agribusiness, Fishing:

               

Agriculture and livestock

   Ch$ 207,253    1.96   Ch$ 280,506    2.05   Ch$ 296,178    2.25

Fruit

     192,725    1.83        251,199    1.84        237,689    1.80   

Forestry and wood extraction

     15,381    0.15        17,891    0.13        15,310    0.12   

Fishing

     75,995    0.72        164,905    1.20        98,969    0.75   
                                       

Subtotal

     491,354    4.66        714,501    5.22        648,146    4.92   
                                       

Mining and Petroleum:

               

Mining and quarries

     36,633    0.35        201,631    1.47        65,703    0.50   

Natural gas and crude oil extraction

     199    0.00        8,408    0.06        108,749    0.82   
                                       

Subtotal

     36,832    0.35        210,039    1.53        174,452    1.32   
                                       

Manufacturing:

               

Tobacco, food and beverages

     188,729    1.79        257,100    1.88        186,901    1.42   

Textiles, clothing and leather goods

     109,799    1.04        139,503    1.02        102,303    0.78   

Wood and wood products

     72,784    0.69        70,323    0.51        50,526    0.38   

Paper, printing and publishing

     48,982    0.46        47,901    0.35        45,716    0.35   

Oil refining, carbon and rubber

     126,536    1.20        162,043    1.18        141,845    1.08   

Production of basic metal, non-mineral, machine and equipment

     278,791    2.64        403,196    2.95        225,538    1.71   

Other manufacturing industries

     66,362    0.63        82,332    0.60        69,925    0.53   
                                       

Subtotal

     891,983    8.45        1,162,398    8.49        822,754    6.25   
                                       

Electricity, Gas and Water:

               

Electricity, gas and water

     92,433    0.88        207,734    1.52        164,529    1.25   
                                       

Subtotal

     92,433    0.88        207,734    1.52        164,529    1.25   
                                       

Construction:

               

Residential buildings

     292,709    2.77        336,952    2.46        316,047    2.40   

Other constructions

     576,900    5.47        626,682    4.58        728,358    5.52   
                                       

Subtotal

     869,609    8.24        963,634    7.04        1,044,405    7.92   
                                       

Commerce:

               

Wholesale

     385,460    3.65        601,745    4.40        484,577    3.67   

Retail, restaurants and hotels

     623,560    5.91        837,112    6.12        760,114    5.76   
                                       

Subtotal

     1,009,020    9.56        1,438,857    10.52        1,244,691    9.43   
                                       

Transport, Storage and Communications:

               

Transport and storage

     237,564    2.25        266,888    1.95        267,267    2.03   

Communications

     76,994    0.73        97,495    0.71        112,799    0.86   
                                       

Subtotal

     314,558    2.98        364,383    2.66        380,066    2.89   
                                       

Financial Services:

               

Financial and insurance companies

     942,295    8.93        1,165,403    8.53        1,247,359    9.43   

Holding companies and other financial services

     991,683    9.40        1,123,834    8.21        1,192,900    9.04   
                                       

Subtotal

     1,933,978    18.33        2,289,237    16.74        2,440,259    18.47   
                                       

Community, Social and Personal Services:

               

Community, social and personal services

     1,580,657    14.98        2,108,430    15.40        1,801,874    13.66   
                                       

Subtotal

     1,580,657    14.98        2,108,430    15.40        1,801,874    13.66   
                                       

Consumer Loans

     1,355,607    12.83        1,909,283    13.95        1,943,074    14.73   

Residential Mortgage Loans

     1,978,196    18.74        2,317,076    16.93        2,527,006    19.16   
                                       

Total

   Ch$ 10,554,227    100.00   Ch$ 13,685,572    100.00   Ch$ 13,191,256    100.00
                                       

 

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Foreign Country Outstanding Loans

Our cross-border outstanding loans are principally trade-related. These loans include loans to foreign financial institutions and foreign corporations, some of which are guaranteed by their Chilean parent company. The table below lists under IFRS the total amounts outstanding to borrowers in certain foreign countries as of the dates indicated, and thus does not include foreign trade-related loans to domestic borrowers.

 

     As of January 1,    As of December 31,
     2008    2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Argentina

   Ch$ 100    Ch$ 4,481    Ch$ 3,578

Austria

     731      391      —  

Belgium

     910      870      —  

Brazil

     28,184      62,438      191,177

Canada

     143      3,805      40

China

     51,338      29,000      76,146

Colombia

     105      7,621      2,218

Czech Republic

     31      38      —  

Denmark

     234      —        —  

El Salvador

     59      48      22

Finland

     49      321      —  

France

     2,803      12,908      177

Germany

     7,339      26,291      285

Holland

     9,695      718      —  

Hong Kong

     80      13      1,312

India

     26,523      25,222      31,387

Israel

     806      777      —  

Italy

     1,194      3,408      —  

Japan

     5,876      2,426      161

Mexico

     2,216      63      14,184

New Zealand

     50      —        59

Oman

     59      —        —  

Panama

     243      309      —  

Perú

     6,934      8,709      4,615

Portugal

     —        443      —  

South Africa

     6,682      1      —  

South Korea

     46,780      14,019      21,186

Spain

     36      111      —  

Switzerland

     55      16      —  

Sweden

     2,663      174      —  

Taiwan

     4,312      13      1,019

United Arab Emirates

     —        68      —  

United Kingdom

     20,053      20,848      15,236

United States

     7,250      3,072      226

Uruguay

     1,221      1,106      534

Venezuela

     4,996      6,395      2,573
                    

Total

   Ch$ 239,750    Ch$ 236,123    Ch$ 366,135
                    

 

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We also maintain deposits abroad, as needed to conduct our foreign trade transactions and manage liquidity. The table below lists the largest amounts of foreign deposits by country under IFRS as of the end of the dates indicated:

 

     As of January 1,    As of December 31,
     2008    2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Australia

   Ch$ 76    Ch$ 115    Ch$ 149

Austria

     134      148      128

Belgium

     334      438      790

Canada

     425      809      1,256

China

     18      19      70

Denmark

     37      67      11

Finland

     172      107      296

France

     444      163      543

Germany

     4,598      11,813      11,163

Holland

     —        23      1,123

Italy

     3,035      606      1,067

Japan

     1,898      42,807      7,189

Mexico

     —        —        19

Netherlands

     119      —        —  

Norway

     84      6      20

Russia

     27      299      63

Spain

     946      787      761

Sweden

     106      85      36

Switzerland

     399      453      435

United Kingdom

     1,185      7,475      2,392

United States

     18,469      213,021      221,466
                    

Total

   Ch$ 32,506    Ch$ 279,241    Ch$ 248,977
                    

Credit Review Process

Credit risk is the risk that we will incur a loss because our customers or counterparties do not comply with their contractual obligations.

This risk is managed using a global, unified and forward-looking strategy, which recognizes the current and projected economic environment of the markets and segments in which our different businesses are developing and grants appropriate credit treatment to each such market or segment by using risk limits that we are willing to accept from counterparties.

Managing credit risk is, therefore, inherent to our business and must be incorporated into each segment in which we do business. In this way, we may achieve an optimum balance between assumed risks and attained returns and properly allocate capital to each business line while complying with regulations and criteria defined by the Board of Directors, in order to ensure that the Bank has an appropriate capital base for potential losses that may arise from its credit exposure.

Counterparty limits are established by analyzing financial information, risk ratings, the nature of the exposure, documentation, guarantees, market conditions and the pertinent industry sector, among other factors. The process of monitoring credit quality also includes identifying in advance any possible changes in a counterparty’s payment capacity, which enables us to evaluate the potential loss from these risks and take corrective actions.

 

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(a) Approval Process

Loan analysis and approval is conducted using a differentiated approach for each market segment, using three separate credit-risk models:

Automated Model: This model focuses on individuals from the mass-market segment (i.e., not business-related) and is based on the integral automation of processes, which consist of admission, approval, follow-up and recovery, using scoring and behavior-based approval systems.

The Bank has also developed a broad level of knowledge regarding selection of customers, with a significant capacity to discriminate between subjects of different credit bases. Using this model, we have developed separate segmented models for retail banking and Banco CrediChile. In the case of our Consumer Division (Banco CrediChile), there are further distinctions for employed customers, which are separated into the following five sub-segments: retired persons, employees in the public sector, employees in the private sector over 40 years of age, employees in the private sector under 40 years of age and independent persons.

In retail banking there are also sub-segments divided by activity and length of the customer’s relationship with the Bank.

Parametric Model: This model is applied to individuals and small and medium-sized companies in business. To analyze these segments, the Bank uses certain levels of automation and parameterization. Automation currently provides a fundamental pillar for the pre-approval process for small companies and support for potential evaluations of medium-sized companies.

Case-by-Case Model: This model is used for the wholesale business segment. It is based on individual expert evaluation on risk level, operation amount and business complexity, among other variables.

Transactions in which the total customer credit risk is more than UF 750,000 (approximately Ch$15,707 million) require approval by a credit committee, which includes three directors and our Chief Executive Officer. Transactions in which the total customer credit risk is equal to or less than UF 750,000 may be approved by other executives, depending on the amount involved, as follows:

 

Approved by

  

Limit in UF

Credit committee, including members of the board of directors

   up to legal limits

Chief executive officer, chairman and senior credit risk officer

   up to UF 750,000

Chief executive officer, chairman or senior credit risk officer (any two of the three)

   up to UF 500,000

Chief executive officer and executive credit risk officers

   up to UF 350,000

Senior credit risk officers and executive vice president of corporate banking

   up to UF 350,000

Executive credit risk officers and Executive vice president of corporate baking

   up to UF 140,000

Other credit risk officers

   up to UF 50,000

Executive vice president of corporate banking

   up to UF 50,000

Other department heads

   up to UF 20,000

Other officers

   up to UF 10,000

In addition to reviewing the credit limit, the business segment extending the credit must review the terms of the loan, the interest rate and any security to be obtained.

(b) Control and Follow-up

The ongoing control and follow-up of credit risk is the basis for proactive portfolio management and enables risk to be recognized opportunely, thus identifying business opportunities and detecting potential impairment before it occurs.

 

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In the wholesale business segment, control and follow-up are realized through a combination of reviews. The most relevant are the following:

 

   

High-level structured portfolio reviews with respect to the impact of specific macroeconomic fluctuations in relevant sectors of activity, defining case-by-case actions plans.

 

   

Constant monitoring system in order to detect early on those customers that show potential risks, agreeing on specific action plans for these customers with the corresponding client servicing team.

 

   

Payment arrears management, backed by predictive indicators of risk level, with follow-up and action plans in the case of our most important customers, plus management of differentiated strategies for early recovery.

 

   

Follow-up of the conditions, restrictions and covenants imposed by the credit committee to all operations requiring it due to their importance or complexity.

 

   

Control of the exposure as well as the sufficiency of guarantees granted in the form of shares, monitoring fluctuations and preparing action plans in the event of insufficient coverage.

 

   

Follow-up schemes of credit behavior variables and borrowers’ financial condition.

 

   

Risk segmentation strategies for collections processes and policies to better integrate loan approval and monitoring processes, aligned behind a single vision of customer credit fundamentals.

 

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Analysis of Our Loan Classification

The following tables provide statistical data under IFRS regarding the classification of our loans as of the dates indicated. As discussed above, our risk analysis system requires that loans to all customers be classified.

IFRS:

 

     As of January 1, 2008  
Bank’s Credit Rating    Commercial
Loans
    Residential
Mortgage

Loans
   Consumer
Loans
   Total
Loans
    Percentage
of Classified
Loans
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

A1

   Ch$ 89,268      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 89,268      1.28

A2

     2,329,422        —        —        2,329,422      33.06   

A3

     2,004,825        —        —        2,004,825      28.45   

B

     2,352,005        —        —        2,352,005      33.38   

C1

     167,196        —        —        167,196      2.37   

C2

     52,239        —        —        52,239      0.74   

C3

     10,047        —        —        10,047      0.14   

C4

     17,912        —        —        17,912      0.25   

D1

     8,577        —        —        8,577      0.12   

D2

     15,217        —        —        15,217      0.21   

Impaired Portfolio

     —          —        —        —        —     
                                    

Total individual classified loans

   Ch$ 7,046,708      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 7,046,708      100.00
                                    

Total group non-classified loans

     173,716        1,978,196      1,355,607      3,507,519     
                                

Total loans

   Ch$ 7,220,424      Ch$ 1,978,196    Ch$ 1,355,607    Ch$ 10,554,227     
                                

Percentage Classified

     97.59     —        —        66.77  

IFRS:

 

     As of December 31, 2008  
Bank’s Credit Rating    Commercial
Loans
    Residential
Mortgage

Loans
   Consumer
Loans
   Total
Loans
    Percentage
of  Classified

Loans
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

A1

   Ch$ 287,220      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 287,220      3.29

A2

     2,454,840        —        —        2,454,840      27.19   

A3

     2,375,691        —        —        2,375,691      26.32   

B

     3,625,075        —        —        3,625,075      40.16   

C1

     171,896        —        —        171,896      1.90   

C2

     102,047        —        —        102,047      1.14   

Impaired Portfolio

     —          —        —        —        —     
                                    

Total individual classified loans

   Ch$ 9,016,769      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 9,016,769      100.00
                                    

Total group non-classified loans

     442,444        2,317,076      1,909,283      4,668,803     
                                

Total loans

   Ch$ 9,459,213      Ch$ 2,317,076    Ch$ 1,909,283    Ch$ 13,685,572     
                                

Percentage Classified

     95.32     —        —        65.89  

 

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IFRS:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
Bank’s Credit Rating    Commercial
Loans
    Residential
Mortgage

Loans
    Consumer
Loans
    Total
Loans
    Percentage
of  Classified

Loans
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

A1

   Ch$ 32,067      Ch$ —        Ch$ —        Ch$ 32,067      0.37

A2

     2,290,427        —          —          2,290,427      26.60   

A3

     2,074,847        —          —          2,074,847      24.10   

B

     3,446,251        —          —          3,446,251      40.03   

C1

     136,957        —          —          136,957      1.59   

C2

     6,195        —          —          6,195      0.07   

Impaired Portfolio

     418,057        68,787        135,675        622,519      7.24   
                                      

Total individual classified loans

   Ch$ 8,404,801      Ch$ 68,787      Ch$ 135,675      Ch$ 8,609,263      100.00
                                      

Total group non-classified loans

     316,375        2,458,219        1,807,399        4,581,993     
                                  

Total loans

   Ch$ 8,721,176      Ch$ 2,527,006      Ch$ 1,943,074      Ch$ 13,191,256     
                                  

Percentage Classified

     96.37     2.72     6.98     65.26  

Classification of Loan Portfolio Based on the Borrower’s Payment Performance

The following table sets forth under IFRS as of the dates indicated the amounts that are current as to payments of principal and interest and the amounts that are overdue:

 

     Domestic Loans  
     As of January 1,     As of December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Current

   Ch$ 10,169,095      Ch$ 13,067,796      Ch$ 12,463,973   

Overdue 1-29 days

     68,210        88,985        46,764   

Overdue 30-89 days

     15,845        41,642        25,945   

Overdue 90 days or more (“past due”)

     61,327        251,026        288,439   
                        

Total loans

   Ch$ 10,314,477      Ch$ 13,449,449      Ch$ 12,825,121   
                        
     Foreign Loans  
     As of January 1,     As of December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Current

   Ch$ 239,750      Ch$ 236,123      Ch$ 366,135   

Overdue 1-29 days

     —          —          —     

Overdue 30-89 days

     —          —          —     

Overdue 90 days or more (“past due”)

     —          —          —     
                        

Total loans

   Ch$ 239,750      Ch$ 236,123      Ch$ 366,135   
                        
     Total Loans  
     As of January 1,     As of December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch, except percentages)  

IFRS:

      

Current

   Ch$ 10,408,845      Ch$ 13,303,919      Ch$ 12,830,108   

Overdue 1-29 days

     68,210        88,985        46,764   

Overdue 30-89 days

     15,845        41,642        25,945   

Overdue 90 days or more (“past due”)

     61,327        251,026        288,439   
                        

Total loans

   Ch$ 10,554,227      Ch$ 13,685,572      Ch$ 13,191,256   
                        

Overdue loans expressed as a percentage of total loans

     1.38     2.79     2.74

Past-due loans as a percentage of total loans

     0.58     1.83     2.19

 

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Loans included in the previous table, which have been restructured and bear no interest, are as follows:

 

     As of December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Ch$

   Ch$ 4,583    Ch$ 4,283

UF

     32      128
             

Total

   Ch$ 4,615    Ch$ 4,411
             

The amount of interest that we would have recorded on these loans for the year ended December 31, 2009 if these loans had been earning a market interest rate was Ch$248 million.

In addition, other loans that have been restructured, mainly through the extension of their maturities, and that bear interest are as follows:

 

     As of January 1,    As of December 31,
     2008    2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Total other restructured loans

   Ch$ 80,233    Ch$ 134,519    Ch$ 357,345
                    

During the year ended December 31, 2009, interest recorded in income on these loans amounted to Ch$39,636 million.

Analysis of Substandard Loans and Amounts Past Due

The following table analyzes our substandard loans, past-due loans and allowances for loan losses existing at the dates indicated under IFRS.

 

     As of January 1,     Year ended December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Total loans

   Ch$ 10,554,227      Ch$ 13,685,572      Ch$ 13,191,256   

Substandard loans(1)

     387,390        679,323        765,671   

Substandard loans as a percentage of total loans

     3.67     4.96     5.80

Amounts past due (2)

      

To the extent secured (3)

   Ch$ 35,666      Ch$ 31,054      Ch$ 25,881   

To the extent unsecured

     25,661        50,896        63,647   
                        

Total amount past due

   Ch$ 61,327      Ch$ 81,950      Ch$ 89,528   
                        

Amounts past due as a percentage of total loans

     0.58     0.60     0.68

To the extent secured(2)

     0.34        0.23        0.20   

To the extent unsecured

     0.24        0.37        0.48   

Allowances for loans losses as a percentage of:

      

Total loans

     1.23        1.64        2.37   

Total amounts past due

     211.39        274.69        348.61   

Total amounts past due—unsecured

     505.21     442.28     490.36

 

(1) Individually evaluated loans are considered substandard when they are classified into categories C1 to D2, and group-evaluated loans are considered substandard when they are assigned allowances for loan losses greater than 20%.
(2) In accordance with Chilean regulations, past-due loans are loans that are 90 days or more overdue on any payments of principal or interest.
(3) Security generally consists of mortgages on real estate, pledges of marketable securities, letters of credit or cash.

 

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Analysis of Allowances for Loan Losses

The following table analyzes our allowances for loan losses and changes in the allowances attributable to charge-offs, new allowances, allowances released and the effect of price-level restatement on allowances for loan losses:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2008     2009  
    

(in millions of Ch$, except

percentages)

 

IFRS:

  

Allowances for loan losses at beginning of period

   Ch$ 129,624      Ch$ 225,108   

Balance of allowances for loan losses from Citibank Chile S.A.(1)

     20,883        —     

Charge-offs

     (112,989     (181,793

Allowances established

     187,864        270,305   

Allowances released(2)

     (274     (1,519
                

Allowances for loan losses at end of period

   Ch$ 225,108      Ch$ 312,101   
                

Ratio of charge-offs to average loans

     0.90     1.42

Allowances for loan losses at end of period as a percentage of total loans

     1.64     2.37

 

(1) Total allowances for loan losses corresponding to Citibank Chile after the merger with Banco de Chile as of January 1, 2008.
(2) Represents the aggregate amount of allowances for loan losses released during the year as a result of charge-offs, recoveries or a determination by management that the level of risk existing in the loan portfolio has been reduced.

The deterioration of the Chilean economy during the final quarter of 2008 and the first semester of 2009 negatively impacted the risk profiles of both individuals and companies. In addition, certain sectors, such as the Chilean salmon industry, were hit by productive difficulties during 2009, thus weakening their ability to make payments. These factors prompted a significant increase in our allowances for loan losses in 2008 and 2009.

Loans are written-off when the collection efforts have been exhausted but not later than the maximum periods as follows:

 

Type of Loan

  

Term

Consumer loans with or without collateral

   6 months        

Other transactions without collateral

   24 months        

Commercial loans with collateral

   36 months        

Residential mortgage loans

   48 months        

Consumer leases

   6 months        

Other non-real estate lease transactions

   12 months        

Real estate leases (commercial or residential)

   36 months        

The following table presents detailed information on write-offs and shows the charge-offs breakdown by loan category:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 33,551    Ch$ 86,030

Mortgage loans

     2,820      2,088

Consumer loans

     76,618      93,675
             

Total

   Ch$ 112,989    Ch$ 181,793
             

 

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Loan recoveries by type of loan are shown in the table below:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 16,375    Ch$ 23,934

Mortgage loans

     3,390      2,653

Consumer loans

     19,605      232
             

Subtotal

     39,370      26,819

Recoveries and sales of loans reacquired from the Central Bank

     278      60
             

Total

   Ch$ 39,648    Ch$ 26,879
             

Allocation of Allowances for Loan Losses

The following tables set forth the proportions of our required allowances for loan losses attributable to our commercial, consumer and residential mortgage loans under IFRS as of the dates indicated.

 

     As of January 1, 2008     As of December 31, 2008  
     Allowance
amount
   Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of loans in
category
    Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of total
loans
    Loans in
category as

percentage
of total
loans(1)
    Allowance
amount
   Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of loans in
category
    Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of total
loans
    Loans in
category as
percentage
of total
loans(1)
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 72,123    0.99   0.68   68.41   Ch$ 116,153    1.23   0.84   69.12

Consumer loans

     49,116    3.62      0.47      12.84        95,680    5.01      0.70      13.95   

Residential mortgage loans

     8,385    0.42      0.08      18.75        13,275    0.57      0.10      16.93   
                                                  

Total allocated allowances

   Ch$ 129,624    1.23   1.23   100.00   Ch$ 225,108    1.64   1.64   100.00
                                                  

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     Allowance
amount
   Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of loans in
category
    Allowance
amount as a
percentage
of total
loans
    Loans in
category as
percentage
of total
loans(1)
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Commercial loans

   Ch$ 189,610    2.17   1.44   66.11

Consumer loans

     108,592    5.59      0.82      14.73   

Residential mortgage loans

     13,899    0.55      0.11      19.16   
                         

Total allocated allowances

   Ch$ 312,101    2.37   2.37   100.00
                         

 

(1) Based on our loan classification.

 

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The following table sets forth our charge-offs for 2008 and 2009 by major economic sector and provides further detail of charge-offs that have already been described in the previous discussion of allowances for loan losses:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Commercial:

     

Agriculture

   Ch$ 2,077    Ch$ 4,950

Mining

     43      284

Manufacturing

     3,221      9,900

Construction

     2,475      7,766

Commerce

     12,055      26,501

Transport

     1,155      4,867

Financial services

     3,978      11,619

Community

     8,547      20,143
             

Subtotal:

   Ch$ 33,551    Ch$ 86,030

Consumer loans

     76,618      93,675

Mortgage loans

     2,820      2,088
             

Total

   Ch$ 112,989    Ch$ 181,793
             

Composition of Deposits and Other Commitments

The following table sets forth under IFRS the composition of our deposits and similar commitments as of the dates indicated. See “—Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest Bearing Liabilities” for the average rate paid on each of the following deposit categories.

 

     As of January 1,    As of December 31,
     2008    2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Current accounts

   Ch$ 1,844,164    Ch$ 2,534,753    Ch$ 3,127,934

Other demand deposits

     441,193      472,508      590,142

Savings accounts

     139,127      157,270      158,035

Time deposits

     6,249,999      8,309,720      7,264,809

Other term balance payables

     3,987      5,600      4,637
                    

Total

   Ch$ 8,678,470    Ch$ 11,479,851    Ch$ 11,145,557
                    

Maturity of Deposits

The following table sets forth under IFRS information regarding the currency and maturity of our deposits at December 31, 2009, expressed in percentages. UF-denominated deposits are similar to Chilean peso-denominated deposits in all aspects, except that the principal is readjusted periodically based on variations in the Consumer Price Index.

 

     Ch$     UF     Foreign
Currency
    Total  

IFRS:

        

Demand deposits

   45.77   0.72   24.50   33.35

Savings accounts

   —        6.98      —        1.42   

Time deposits:

        

Maturing within three months

   45.59      22.39      59.82      43.06   

Maturing after three but within six months

   3.75      22.49      8.07      8.22   

Maturing after six but within 12 months

   3.09      44.44      7.56      12.18   

Maturing after 12 months

   1.80      2.98      0.05      1.77   
                        

Total time deposits

   54.23      92.30      75.50      65.23   
                        

Total deposits

   100.00   100.00   100.00   100.00
                        

 

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The following table sets forth information under IFRS regarding the currency and maturity of deposits in excess of U.S.$100,000 as of December 31, 2009:

 

     Ch$    UF    Foreign
Currency
   Total
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Time deposits:

           

Maturing within three months

   Ch$ 2,607,398    Ch$ 465,321    Ch$ 883,359    Ch$ 3,956,078

Maturing after three but within six months

     265,788      501,990      136,039      903,817

Maturing after six but within 12 months

     217,569      999,882      128,782      1,346,233

Maturing after 12 months

     128,095      67,229      691      196,015
                           

Total time deposits

   Ch$ 3,218,850    Ch$ 2,034,422    Ch$ 1,148,871    Ch$ 6,402,143
                           

Minimum Capital Requirements

The following table sets forth our minimum capital requirements set by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks as of the dates indicated:

 

     As of January 1,     As of December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

CHILEAN GAAP:

      

Banco de Chile’s regulatory capital

   Ch$ 809,105      Ch$ 1,297,735      Ch$ 1,392,745   

Minimum regulatory capital required

     (441,346     (593,849     (570,054
                        

Excess over minimum regulatory capital required

   Ch$ 367,759      Ch$ 703,886      Ch$ 822,691   
                        

Short-term Borrowings

The principal categories of our short-term borrowings are amounts borrowed under foreign trade lines of credit, domestic inter-bank loans and repurchase agreements. The table below presents under IFRS the amounts outstanding as of January 1, 2008 and at the end of each period indicated and the weighted average nominal interest rate for each period indicated and as of January 1, 2008 by type of short-term borrowing.

 

     As of January 1,     For the year ended December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     Year-End
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
    Year-End
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
    Year-End
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except rate data)  

IFRS:

  

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   Ch$ 355,183    6.31   Ch$ 420,658    6.13   Ch$ 308,028    3.48

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions

     73,948    4.40        2,598    0.08        3,878    3.73   

Foreign borrowings

     782,868    4.15        1,495,644    2.76        1,209,144    1.32   

Other obligations

     58,171    0.00        48,000    0.00        129,740    0.00   
                                       

Total short-term borrowings

   Ch$ 1,270,170    5.00   Ch$ 1,966,900    3.41   Ch$ 1,650,790    1.62
                           

 

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The following table shows the average balance and the weighted average nominal rate for each short-term borrowing category as of January 1, 2008 and during the periods indicated:

 

     As of January 1,     For the year ended December 31,  
     2008     2008     2009  
     Average
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
    Average
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
    Average
Balance
   Weighted
Average
Nominal
Interest
Rate
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except rate data)  

IFRS:

  

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   Ch$ 313,031    5.93   Ch$ 439,345    6.48   Ch$ 275,058    2.31

Central Bank borrowings

     649    1.38        432    1.91        53,548    0.85   

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions

     225,834    1.77        267,075    0.54        54,446    0.09   
                                       

Sub-total

   Ch$ 539,514    4.19   Ch$ 706,852    4.23   Ch$ 383,052    1.79

Foreign borrowings

     625,442    0.74        1,157,045    0.25        1,090,925    0.18   
                                       

Total short-term borrowings

   Ch$ 1,164,956    2.34   Ch$ 1,863,897    1.76   Ch$ 1,473,977    0.60
                           

The following table presents the maximum month-end balances of our principal sources of short-term borrowings during the periods indicated:

 

     Maximum 2008
month-end
balance
   Maximum 2009
month-end
balance
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Investments sold under agreements to repurchase

   Ch$ 661,858    Ch$ 381,522

Central Bank borrowings

     682      237,243

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions

     168,206      145,697

Foreign borrowings

   Ch$ 1,585,313    Ch$ 1,209,144

 

Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

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Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects

OPERATING RESULTS

Introduction

The following discussion should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements and the section titled “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information.” Certain amounts (including percentage amounts) that appear in this annual report may not total due to rounding.

We prepare our audited consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Until December 31, 2008, the Bank’s audited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with Chilean GAAP. The audited consolidated financial statements for 2008 presented in this annual report, previously presented in accordance with Chilean GAAP, were adjusted to comply with IFRS, as required by IFRS 1 —First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards— only for comparative purposes. Reconciliations and description of the transition to IFRS, and the effects on the Bank’s equity and net income are presented in Note 5 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Overview

We are a leading bank within the Chilean financial system, providing a broad range of financial products and services to individual and corporate customers who are primarily located in Chile. Accordingly, our financial condition and results of operations are largely dependent upon economic and political factors affecting Chile, as well as changes in interest rates and inflation. We also face a number of other risks, such as increasing competition and changing market conditions that could impact our ability to achieve our goals. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information” for a more detailed description of risk characteristics associated with each type of loan in our loan portfolio and “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors” for a more detailed description of the specific risks that we believe to be material to our business operations.

After a period of accelerated growth between 1985 and 1997, when Chile’s gross domestic product grew at an average annual rate of 7.2%, Chile’s economic growth slowed to an average rate of 3.6% between 2000 and 2009. In 2009, Chile’s GDP shrank by 1.5%, following an increase of 3.2% in 2008. The reduction in Chile’s GDP during 2009 is in line with the world economy’s contraction that led to decreases in the levels of consumption and investment, as well as an increase in unemployment indicators. However, Chile has maintained a relatively stable financial condition as a result of earlier accumulation of international reserves and fiscal restraint.

Future changes in the Chilean economy may impair our ability to proceed with our strategic business plan. Our financial condition and results of operations could also be adversely affected by changes in economic or other policies of the Chilean Government, which has exercised and continues to exercise a substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector, or other political and economic developments in Chile, as well as regulatory changes or administrative practices of Chilean authorities, over which we have no control. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Chile—Inflation could adversely affect the value of our ADSs and financial condition and results of operations” and “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Chile—Our growth and profitability depend on the level of economic activity in Chile.”

 

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Inflation

Historically, Chile has experienced high levels of inflation that have significantly affected our financial condition and results of operations. Although inflation remained relatively low during much of the past decade, price level changes were relatively high during 2008 (7.1%), primarily as a result of the sharp increase in international oil and food prices. However, throughout 2009, we experienced deflation at a rate of 1.4% as a consequence of the global financial crisis, which affected important Chilean economic indicators, such as exports, employment, consumption and investment, thereby reducing purchasing power and leading to a weaker aggregate demand. However, in early 2010 and consistently with the recovery trend shown by the Chilean economy during the last quarter of 2009, inflation started to return to normal levels.

An increase in inflation rates could adversely affect the Chilean economy and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our results of operations reflect the effect of inflation in the following ways:

 

   

a substantial portion of our assets and liabilities are denominated in UFs, a unit that is indexed daily to reflect inflation recorded in the previous month, with the net gain or loss resulting from such indexation reflected in income; and

 

   

the interest rates earned and paid on peso-denominated assets and liabilities to some degree reflect inflation and expectations regarding inflation.

UF-denominated Assets and Liabilities. The UF is revalued in monthly cycles. On each day in the period beginning the tenth day of the current month through the ninth day of the next month, the nominal peso value of the UF is indexed up (or down in the event of deflation) in order to reflect each day a pro rata amount of the prior calendar month’s change in the Consumer Price Index. One UF was equal to Ch$21,452.57 at December 31, 2008 and Ch$20,942.88 (U.S.$41.35) at December 31, 2009. The effect of any changes in the nominal peso value of our UF-denominated assets and liabilities is reflected in our results of operations as an increase (or decrease, in the event of deflation) in interest revenue and expense. Our net interest income will be positively affected by inflation (and negatively affected by deflation) to the extent that our average UF-denominated assets exceed our average UF-denominated liabilities, while net interest income will be negatively affected by inflation (and positively affected by deflation) when average UF-denominated liabilities exceed average UF-denominated assets. Our average UF-denominated assets exceeded our average UF-denominated liabilities by Ch$2,162,452 million during the year ended December 31, 2008 and Ch$2,239,687 million (U.S.$ 4,422.50 million) during the year ended December 31, 2009. These figures exclude capital, reserves and derivatives. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information.”

Peso-denominated Assets and Liabilities. Interest rates in Chile tend to reflect the rate of inflation during the relevant period and expectations regarding future inflation. The sensitivity of our peso-denominated interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities to the inflation rate varies. See “—Interest Rates.” We maintain a substantial amount of non-interest bearing, peso-denominated current accounts and other demand deposits. The ratio of such deposits to average interest bearing peso-denominated liabilities was 51% during 2008 and 62% during 2009. Because a large part of such deposits are not indexed to inflation, even a slight decline in the rate of inflation may adversely affect our net interest margin on assets funded with such deposits and even a slight increase in the rate of inflation may increase the net interest margin on such assets. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Interest Earning Assets and Net Interest Margin.”

Interest Rates

Interest rates earned and paid on our assets and liabilities reflect in part inflation and expectations regarding future inflation, shifts in short-term interest rates related to the Central Bank’s monetary policies and movements in long-term real rates. The Central Bank manages short-term interest rates based on its objectives of balancing low inflation and economic growth. Accordingly, due to the high inflation experienced during 2008, the Central Bank increased its reference interest rate five times during that year, resulting in a final monetary policy interest rate of 8.25% at the end of 2008. On the other hand, the sharp decrease in economic activity during 2009 led the Central Bank to reduce the monetary policy interest rate to a historical low of 0.5% in order to ensure suitable liquidity levels to enhance aggregate demand.

 

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Since our liabilities generally re-price faster than our assets, changes in the rate of inflation or short-term interest rates are reflected in the interest rates we pay on our liabilities before they are reflected in the interest rates we earn on our assets. Accordingly, our net interest margin on assets and liabilities is usually adversely affected in the short-term by increases in inflation or short-term interest rates and benefits in the short-term from decreases in inflation or short-term interest rates, although the existence of non-interest bearing peso-denominated demand deposits tends to mitigate both effects. See “—Inflation—Peso-denominated Assets and Liabilities.” In addition, because our peso-denominated liabilities have relatively short re-pricing periods, those liabilities generally are more sensitive to changes in inflation or short-term interest rates than our UF-denominated liabilities. As a result, during periods when current inflation exceeds the previous month’s inflation, customers often switch funds from peso-denominated deposits to more expensive UF-denominated deposits, thereby adversely affecting our net interest margin.

The average annual short-term nominal interest rates, based on the rate paid by Chilean financial institutions for 90 to 360-day Chilean peso denominated deposits, were 5.38% in 2008 and 2.19% in 2009. The average annual long-term nominal interest rates, based on the interest rate of the Central Bank’s five-year duration Chilean peso denominated bonds, were 6.89% in 2008 and 4.55% in 2009.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

A significant portion of our assets and liabilities are denominated in foreign currencies, principally U.S. dollars, and we have historically maintained and may continue to maintain gaps between the balances of such assets and liabilities. This gap includes assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and assets and liabilities denominated in Chilean pesos that contain repayment terms linked to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Because foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, as well as interest earned or paid on such assets and liabilities and gains (losses) realized upon the sale of such assets, are translated into pesos in preparing our audited consolidated financial statements, our reported income is affected by changes in the value of the peso with respect to foreign currencies, primarily the U.S. dollar. Adjustments to U.S. dollar-indexed assets are reflected as adjustments in net interest earnings and offset results in the foreign exchange position. The exchange rate variation over capital and reserves of our foreign branches, which were sold in January 2008, is adjusted against equity rather than against net income according to local accounting rules.

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our audited consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). The notes to our audited consolidated financial statements, which are included in this annual report, contain a summary of our significant accounting policies.

The preparation of financial statements under IFRS requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions, as some of the amounts reported in the financial statements are related to matters that are inherently uncertain. These estimates could change from period to period, which may have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Actual results may differ if conditions or underlying circumstances were to change.

The following discussion describes those areas that require considerable management judgment or involve a higher degree of complexity in the application of the accounting policies that currently affect our financial situation and results of operations.

Allowances for loan losses

Determining accounting estimates and judgments related to the impairment of loans and provision for off-balance sheet positions is a critical process for the Bank because the underlying assumptions used for both the individually and collectively assessed impairment can change from period to period and may significantly affect the Bank’s results of operations.

 

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As part of this process, the Bank first assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists for loans that are individually significant. The decision as to whether loans are individually significant or not is based on fixed criteria specified by management. The determination of these criteria involves management judgment and is regularly reviewed for adequacy. After this assessment, the Bank assesses collectively for loans that are not individually significant and loans which are significant but for which there is no objective evidence of impairment under the individual assessment.

The determination of the impairment allowance required for loans that are deemed to be individually significant often requires the use of considerable management judgment concerning such matters as economic conditions, the financial performance of the customer and the value of collateral, for which there may not be a readily accessible market. To allow management to determine whether a loss event has occurred on an individual basis, all significant counterparty relationships are reviewed periodically. This evaluation considers current information and events related to the counterparty, such as whether the counterparty is experiencing significant financial difficulty or a breach of contract, for example, default or delinquency in interest or principal payments.

From the information gathered in the process described above, the Bank estimates the future cash flows expected to flow to the entity considering the losses already incurred. The actual amount and timing of future cash flows may differ from the estimates used by management and consequently may cause actual losses to differ from the reported allowances. The Bank utilizes backtesting techniques in order to optimize its models and minimize such adjustments.

The collective impairment allowance is calculated on a portfolio basis using statistical models which incorporate various estimates and judgments. In order to constantly monitor and increase the quality of such estimations of future cash flows, the Bank performs a regular review of the models and underlying data and assumptions. Among other factors, the probability of defaults and loss recovery rates are taken into account during this review. The collective impairment allowance has two components.

The first component is an allowance amount representing the incurred losses on the portfolio of smaller balance homogeneous loans, which are loans to individuals and small business customers of the retail business segment. The loans are grouped according to similar credit risk characteristics and the allowance for each group is determined using statistical models based on historical experience.

The second component represents an estimate of incurred losses inherent in the group of loans that have not yet been individually identified as impaired or measured as part of the smaller-balance homogeneous loans. The Bank uses historical loss experience in these estimations. This historical loss experience is adjusted on the basis of actual observable data to reflect the effects of current conditions that did not affect the period on which the historical loss experience is based and to remove the effects of conditions in the historical period that do not exist currently. Estimates of changes in future cash flows reflect, and are directionally consistent with, changes in related observable data from period to period (e.g., changes in unemployment rates, property prices, payment status or other factors that are indicative of incurred losses in the group and their magnitude).

For a further description of our policy regarding allowances for loan losses, see note 2(l) to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Impairment of other financial instruments

Equity method investments and financial assets classified as available for sale are evaluated for impairment throughout the year and at each reporting date in order to assess whether events or changes in circumstances indicate that these assets are impaired. If there is objective evidence of an impairment of an associate, an impairment test is performed by comparing the investments’ recoverable amount, which is the higher of its value in use and fair value less costs to sell, with its carrying amount.

 

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In the case of equity investments classified as available for sale, objective evidence of impairment would include a significant or prolonged decline in fair value of the investment below cost. It could also include specific conditions in an industry or geographical area or specific information regarding the financial condition of the company, such as a credit rating downgrade. In the case of debt securities classified as available for sale, impairment is assessed based on the same criteria as for loans.

If information becomes available after the Bank makes its evaluation, the Bank may be required to recognize impairment in the future. Because the estimate for impairment could change from period to period based upon future events that may or may not occur, the Bank considers this to be a critical accounting estimate.

Fair value estimates for financial assets and liabilities

International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 39.9 defines “fair value” as the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction. The Bank uses valuation techniques to establish the fair value of instruments in cases where prices quoted in active markets are not available. The chosen valuation technique makes maximum use of observable market data, relies as little as possible on estimates performed by the Bank, incorporates factors that market participants would consider in setting a price and is consistent with accepted methodologies for pricing financial instruments. Where possible, parameter inputs used in valuation techniques are based on observable data derived from prices of relevant instruments traded in an active market.

Inputs used in valuation techniques reasonably represent market expectations and include risk and return factors that are inherent to the financial instrument. Periodically, the Bank calibrates the valuation technique and tests it for validity using prices from observable current market transactions over the same instrument or based on any available observable market data.

In reaching estimates of fair value, management judgment is required. The level of management judgment required in establishing fair value of financial instruments for which there is a quoted price in an active market is minimal. Similarly, there is little subjectivity or judgment required for instruments valued using valuation models that are standard across the industry and where all parameter inputs are quoted in active markets. The level of subjectivity and, therefore, the degree of management judgment required is more significant for those instruments valued using specialized models and those where some or all of the parameter inputs are not observable. In the Bank’s fair value hierarchy these financial instruments are classified as level 3. As of December 31, 2009 this category mainly included financial assets available-for-sale with fixed income (other instruments issued in Chile and instruments issued by foreign institutions). These instruments are valued based on quoted prices for similar instruments, which require adjustments or significant unobservable assumptions to reflect the differences between such similar instruments and the ones valued. For a further description of the Bank’s internal fair value classification, see note 43 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Management judgment is required in the selection and application of appropriate parameters, assumptions and modeling techniques. In cases where different valuation techniques indicate a range of possible fair values for an instrument, management must determine what point within the range of estimates best represents fair value. Furthermore, some valuation adjustments may require the exercise of management judgment to ensure fair value is reached.

 

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Revenue recognition

Interest revenue and expenses are recognized in the income statement using the effective interest rate method set forth in IAS 39. To calculate the effective interest rate, the Bank estimates future cash flows by taking into account all contractual conditions of the financial instrument, excluding future credit losses. The estimation of such future cash flows requires management judgment to some degree. In addition, the analysis of contractual conditions and other components (such as transaction costs) for purposes of determining the effective interest rate involves making estimates of possibly incurred but not recognized credit losses. See “Allowances for loan losses” in the paragraph above.

Income and expenses from fees and commissions are recognized in the consolidated income using different criteria based on the nature of the income or expense in accordance with IAS 18 and IAS 39. Fees earned from transactions or services provided over a longer period of time are recognized over the life of the transactions or services. The revenue recognition of fees from such transactions requires management judgment to some degree. Due to the Bank’s nature of business from which it derives fees and commissions (e.g., asset management, custody of assets), the required degree of estimation is small.

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax is recognized, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount in the financial statements. Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary differences can be recognized. This assessment requires significant management judgments and assumptions. In order to estimate the recoverability of deferred tax assets, the Bank considers historical tax capacity and profitability information, as well as forecasted operating results and other relevant considerations.

Legal and regulatory contingencies and tax risks

Legal claims, regulatory proceedings and income tax provisions for uncertain tax positions may occur. The use of estimates is important in determining provisions for potential losses that may arise from such events. The Bank estimates and provides for potential losses that may arise from litigation, regulatory proceedings and uncertain income tax positions to the extent that such losses are probable and can be estimated, in accordance with IAS 37 (“Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets”) and IAS 12 (“Income Taxes”). Significant judgment is required in making these estimates and the Bank’s actual liabilities may ultimately be materially different. Contingencies in respect of legal matters are subject to many uncertainties and the outcome of individual matters is not predictable with assurance.

The Bank’s total liability with respect to litigation, arbitration and regulatory proceedings is determined on a case-by-case basis and represents an estimate of probable losses after considering, among other factors, the progress of each case, the Bank’s experience and the experience of others in similar cases, and the opinions and views of legal counsel. Predicting the outcome of the Bank’s litigation matters is inherently difficult, particularly in cases in which claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages.

Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2009

The following section discusses the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009. To the extent that it is available and is useful in analyzing our results, we have included information broken down by the business segments we use in internal reporting. We also present our results on a consolidated basis.

 

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Net Income

The following table sets forth the principal components of our net income, as detailed in our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Net interest income

   Ch$ 766,269      Ch$ 668,379      (12.8 %) 

Net fees and commissions income

     235,189        251,216      6.8   

Other income (loss), net

     62,761        105,010      67.3   

Provisions for loan losses

     (149,374     (241,345   61.6   

Operating expenses

     (556,501     (481,965   (13.4

Income attributable to associates

     3,564        840      (76.4
                      

Income before income taxes

     361,908        302,135      (16.5

Income taxes

     (35,313     (40,389   14.4   
                      

Net income on continued operations, net of taxes

     326,595        261,746      (19.9

Net income on discontinued operations, net of taxes

     38,459        —        (100.0
                      

Net income

   Ch$ 365,054      Ch$ 261,746      (28.3 %) 
                      

2008 and 2009. The 28.3% decrease in net income in 2009 as compared to 2008 reflects the pressure that the global financial crisis exerted on the Chilean economy and the local banking system. The decrease in our net income is primarily attributable to (i) a 61.6% increase in provisions for loan losses, mainly as a result of the higher credit risk due to the economic downturn and the deterioration of the risk profile of certain economic sectors, such as the Chilean salmon industry, which faced productive difficulties related to the ISA virus, and (ii) a 12.8% decrease in net interest income as a result of a deflationary period that negatively impacted the contribution from our interest earning assets denominated in UF.

These negative factors were partially offset by a 6.8% increase in fees and commissions income as a result of a positive trend in the stock markets towards the end of 2009 that increased the number of transactions and volumes managed by our mutual funds and securities brokerage subsidiaries, as well as the fees and commissions income arising from traditional banking activity due to the development of the new product “over-draft credit line.” This new product allowed us to soften the impact of a new regulation imposed by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks that restricts the ability of banks to charge certain overdraft fees and which negatively affected the income arising from fees and commissions. In addition, our operating expenses significantly decreased by 13.4% in 2009, whereas other income (loss), net increased by 67.3%, primarily as a result of a net gain in foreign exchange transactions that more than offset the net financial operating loss.

 

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Net Interest Income

The tables included under the headings “—Interest Revenue” and “—Interest Expense” set forth information regarding our consolidated interest revenue and expenses and average interest earning assets and average interest bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009. This information is derived from the tables included elsewhere in this annual report under “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information” and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such information.

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Interest revenue

   Ch$ 1,659,350      Ch$ 900,407      (45.7 %) 

Interest expense

     (893,081     (232,028   (74.0
                      

Net interest income

   Ch$ 766,269      Ch$ 668,379      (12.8 %) 
                      

Net interest margin(1)

     5.11     4.32   —     

 

(1) Net interest income divided by average interest earning assets. The average balances for interest earning assets, including interest readjustments, have been calculated on the basis of our daily balances and on the basis of monthly balances for our subsidiaries

2008 and 2009. Net interest income decreased by 12.8% from 2008 to 2009, primarily as a result of the decrease in our net interest margin as a result of lower economic activity, which more than offset the 3.0% increase in our average interest earning assets. The decrease in net interest margin was largely a result of the following:

 

   

a deflationary period experienced throughout 2009. The UF experienced a 2.4% drop during 2009 as compared to a 9.3% rise in 2008. As a result, we earned less interest revenue from our interest-earning assets denominated in UF and funded by interest-bearing liabilities denominated in Chilean pesos.

 

   

nominal interest rates that reached historical lows. Throughout 2009, the monetary policy interest rate averaged 1.7%, well below the average 7.1% in 2008. Accordingly, we obtained a lower contribution from non-interest bearing liabilities, such as demand deposits.

The above-mentioned factors were partially offset by higher average lending spreads and a more favorable funding structure as a result of a 23.6% annual increase experienced by current account and demand deposit volumes, which allowed us to obtain higher margins.

 

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Interest Revenue

The following table sets forth information regarding our interest revenue and average interest earning assets for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase (Decrease)  
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Interest revenue

   Ch$ 1,659,350      Ch$ 900,407      (45.7 %) 

Average interest earning assets:

      

Commercial loans

     8,606,424        8,538,745      (0.8

Residential Mortgage Loans

     2,167,810        2,359,746      8.9   

Consumer Loans

     1,848,520        1,872,098      1.3   
                      

Total Loans

     12,622,754        12,770,589      1.2   

Cash and due from banks

     792,521        814,463      2.8   

Repurchase agreement

     52,086        42,755      (17.9

Financial investments

     1,379,863        1,628,270      18.0   

Loans and Advance to Banks

     158,643        204,703      29.0   
                      

Total

   Ch$ 15,005,867      Ch$ 15,460,780      3.0
                      

Average rates earned on total interest earning assets(1):

      

Average nominal rates

     11.35     5.83   —     

Average real rates

     7.47        4.56      —     

 

(1) See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest Bearing Liabilities.”

2008 and 2009. Interest revenue decreased by 45.7% from 2008 to 2009, primarily as a result of deflation during 2009, which caused the UF to decrease in value by 2.4%, and as a consequence of the low nominal interest rates recorded during 2009 as the Central Bank reduced the monetary policy interest rate to 0.5% towards the end of 2009 in order to foster higher household spending and investment. In addition, despite an 18.0% increase in our financial investments, our total interest-earning assets grew by only 3.0% in 2009, principally due to the lower growth rate of our total loans, which increased by only 1.2% in 2009. These positive effects were more than offset by the interest and inflation rate impacts described above.

 

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Interest Expense

The following table sets forth information regarding our interest expense and average interest bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase (Decrease)  
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Interest expense

   Ch$ 893,081      Ch$ 232,028      (74.0 %) 
                      

Average interest-bearing liabilities:

      

Saving accounts and time deposits(1)

     7,594,363        7,568,317      (0.3

Securities under agreements to repurchase

     439,345        275,058      (37.4

Borrowings from financial institutions

     1,223,693        1,197,151      (2.2

Debt issued

     1,730,996        1,713,629      (1.0

Other financial obligations

     95,202        101,999      7.1   
                      

Total

   Ch$ 11,083,599      Ch$ 10,856,154      (2.1 %) 
                      

Average rates paid on total interest bearing liabilities(2):

      

Average nominal rates

     8.06     2.14   —     

Average real rates

     6.44     (1.12 %)    —     

Average (Chilean peso-denominated) non-interest bearing current account and demand deposits

     2,703,027        3,133,304      15.9

 

(1) Includes interest-earning demand deposits.
(2) See “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest Bearing Liabilities.”

2008 and 2009. Interest expense decreased by 74.0% from 2008 to 2009. This significant decrease was mainly due to the deflation observed during 2009, as well as the sharp decrease in nominal interest rates in 2009. To a lesser extent, the decrease in interest expense was a consequence of an improved funding structure, which resulted from the increase of non-interest bearing liabilities, especially current accounts and demand deposits, which jointly increased by 23.6% in 2009. In addition, average interest-bearing liabilities decreased 2.1% in 2009. The change in our funding structure was due to low nominal interest rates and deflation experienced during 2009, which led investors to prefer non-interest bearing instruments, such as current accounts, rather than interest-bearing instruments, such as savings accounts.

 

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Net Fees and Commissions Income

The following table sets forth certain components of our fees and commissions (net of fees paid to third parties that provide support for those services, principally fees relating to credit pre-evaluation services and receipts and collection services provided to us) for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Insurance

   Ch$ 46,668      Ch$ 46,146      (1.1 %) 

Mutual funds

     41,467        45,246      9.1   

Current accounts and overdrafts

     34,433        22,184      (35.6

Credit cards

     22,170        24,472      10.4   

Sight accounts and ATMs

     20,502        21,087      2.9   

Collection of over-due loans

     15,046        16,628      10.5   

Cash management services

     13,664        13,665      —     

Stock brokerage

     8,838        12,572      42.2   

Letters of credit, guarantees, collateral and other contingent loans

     8,209        11,748      43.1   

Credit lines

     8,132        18,534      127.9   

Financial advisory services

     6,773        7,860      16.0   

Foreign trade and currency exchange

     4,310        5,073      17.7   

Custody and trust services

     5,221        4,417      (15.4

Factoring

     1,695        2,597      53.2   

Collection services

     1,553        1,622      4.4   

Credits

     805        1,315      63.4   

Teller services expenses

     (5,268     (2,548   (51.6

Credit pre-evaluation services

     (620     (484   (21.9

Other

     1,591        (918   (157.7
                      

Total

   Ch$ 235,189      Ch$ 251,216      6.8
                      

2008 and 2009. Net fees and commissions income increased by 6.8% from 2008 to 2009. This increase is principally due to the following:

 

   

an excellent performance of some of our subsidiaries during 2009. Banchile Securities Brokerage benefited from higher trading volumes in the stock market throughout the second semester of 2009, which allowed it to increase its fees and commissions income by 42.2% as compared to 2008. Similarly, our mutual funds subsidiary, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos, increased its fees and commissions by 9.1% in 2009 as compared to 2008, due to a 31% annual increase in average volume of assets under management as a result of low nominal interest rates that discouraged investors to take positions in fixed-income securities, as well as the creation of new mutual funds to meet investors’ needs. These trends were also observed to a lesser extent in fees and commission income from our financial advisory (which increased 16.0% in 2009), factoring (which increased 53.2% in 2009) and collection services (which increased 4.4% in 2009) subsidiaries.

 

   

the development of new products and services. During 2009, the Bank created “the overdraft credit line agreement,” which primarily prompted a 127.9% annual increase in fees and commissions from credit lines, from Ch$8,132 million in 2008 to Ch$18,534 million in 2009.

 

   

a 17.7% increase in fees and commissions from foreign trade and currency exchange during a year marked by volatility in the foreign exchange markets, which led investors to take and defease positions in order to reduce their exposure to market risks.

 

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Other Income (Loss), Net

Other income (loss), net, consists of net gains and losses from financial operating income, net gains and losses from foreign exchange transactions and other operating income. Financial operating income results include gains and losses realized on the sale of securities, gains and losses from the mark-to-market of securities and interest rate and currency derivatives at the end of the period. Net gains and losses from foreign exchange transactions include gains and losses realized upon the sale of foreign currency and foreign exchange derivatives and gains and losses arising from the period-end translation of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities into pesos. Foreign exchange results also include net adjustments on U.S. dollar-indexed domestic currency transactions, or the exchange rate variation on foreign branches’ capital and reserves. Foreign exchange results include existing interest rate differences in currency derivatives.

The following table sets forth certain components of our other income (loss), net, in the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Net financial operating income

      

Interest accrued on trading securities

   Ch$ 49,011      Ch$ 4,518      (90.8 %) 

Gains (losses) on sales and mark to market

     (6,748     32,758      —     

Gains (losses) on derivatives contracts

     340,856        (175,455   —     

Gains from sales of loans

     1,717        —        (100.0
                      

Total net financial operating income

     384,836        (138,179   —     

Foreign exchange transactions, net

     (353,012     220,999      —     

Other operating income

     30,937        22,190      (28.3
                      

Total

   Ch$ 62,761      Ch$ 105,010      67.3
                      

2008 and 2009. Other income (loss), net, increased from 2008 to 2009 by 67.3%. Foreign exchange transactions increased mainly due to the depreciation of the Chilean peso, which improved our net results related to liabilities in U.S. dollars, from which this item passed from a net loss of Ch$353,012 million in 2008 to a net gain of Ch$220,999 in 2009. Total net financial operating income decreased significantly in 2009, mainly due to the drop in gains (losses) on derivative contracts. This decrease was due to a net asset position in U.S.$/Ch$ forward contracts in an environment of decreasing exchange rates during 2009 as compared to the devaluation experienced by the Chilean peso during 2008, especially in the second semester of that year. Other operating income amounted to Ch$22,190 million in 2009, which represents a 28.3% decrease as compared to 2008, primarily as a result of non-recurring income that approximately amounted to Ch$48,800 million in 2008 as a consequence of the sale of our foreign branches located in New York and Miami, as well as the sale of a portion of our stock in Visa Inc. held by the Bank.

 

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Provisions for Loan Losses

The Bank is required to maintain allowances to cover possible credit losses in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. For statistical information with respect to our substandard loans and allowances for loan losses, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information” and Note 14(b) to our audited consolidated financial information. According to regulations applicable to such periods, the amount of provisions charged to income in any period consists of net provisions for possible loan losses. See Note 14(b) to our audited consolidated financial statements.

The following table sets forth information with respect to our provisions and allowances for loan losses and charge-offs for each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,     % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009     2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Provisions:

      

Total provisions for loan losses

   Ch$ 149,374      Ch$ 241,345      61.6

Gross provisions for loan losses

     189,022        268,224      41.9   

Total loan loss recoveries

     39,648        26,879      (32.2

Charge-offs:

      

Total charge-offs

     112,989        181,793      60.9   

Net charge-offs

     73,341        154,914      111.2   

Other asset quality data:

      

Total loans

   Ch$ 13,685,572      Ch$ 13,191,256      (3.6

Consolidated risk index

     1.64     2.37   —     

Unconsolidated risk index

     1.50     2.33   —     

Allowances for loan losses

     225,105        312,101      38.6   

Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of total loans

     1.64     2.37   —     

2008 and 2009. Provisions for loan losses significantly increased by 61.6% from 2008 to 2009, mainly due to the global financial crisis that negatively impacted the risk profile of both individuals and companies. In addition, an important portion of this increase was due to the deteriorated risk profile of certain customers related to the Chilean salmon industry, which faced productive difficulties (ISA virus) that negatively impacted their results and ability to make payments. Furthermore, in 2009 we developed and implemented a new rating model for small and medium-sized companies that implied a one-time allowance, which amounted to approximately Ch$4,500 million.

 

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Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth information regarding our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year Ended December 31,    % Increase (Decrease)  
     2008    2009    2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

  

Personnel expenses

   Ch$ 305,555    Ch$ 256,782    (16.0 %) 

Administrative expenses:

        

Advertising

     26,447      17,943    (32.2

Building maintenance

     22,450      21,611    (3.8

Rentals and insurance

     18,749      19,177    2.3   

Office supplies

     7,985      6,818    (14.6

Other expenses

     100,933      101,665    0.7   
                    

Total administrative expenses

   Ch$ 176,564    Ch$ 167,214    (5.3 %) 

Depreciation and amortization

     39,070      36,447    (6.7

Other operating expenses

     35,312      21,522    (39.1
                    

Total

   Ch$ 556,501    Ch$ 481,965    (13.4 %) 
                    

2008 and 2009. Our operating expenses significantly decreased by 13.4% from 2008 to 2009. This variation is in line with our long-term focus on cost control and efficiency. The key factors influencing the decrease in our operating expenses are:

 

   

a 5.9% annual reduction in personnel positions, as a result of higher efficiency and productivity due to synergies obtained as a consequence of our merger with Citibank Chile, and lower commercial activity registered throughout 2009 as a result of the global financial crisis;

 

   

lower administrative expenses along with specific cost-reduction projects carried out during 2009 that allowed us to reduce expenses related to supplies and technology; and

 

   

non-recurring expenses of approximately Ch$58,000 million in 2008 related to our merger with Citibank Chile and, to a lesser extent, bonuses paid as part of the negotiations related to collective bargaining agreements entered into by the Bank and its subsidiaries

Income Tax

The statutory corporate income tax rate in Chile was 17% in 2009 and 2008. We are also permitted under Law No. 19,396 to deduct dividend payments made to SAOS from our taxable income. Consequently, our effective tax rate is significantly lower than the statutory corporate income tax rate because of the deduction of such dividend payments from our taxable income. Additionally, but to a lesser extent, differences in the tax treatment for monetary correction, as well as provisions on individual loans and for charge-offs related to past-due loans have an impact on our effective tax rate. Finally, all real estate taxes paid on properties that are leased to customers are deductible from our taxable income.

2008 and 2009. In 2009, despite a lower net income before taxes as compared to 2008, we recorded a tax expense of Ch$40,389 million as compared to a tax expense of Ch$35,313 million in 2008. This increase was primarily attributable to a higher effective tax rate, which increased from 9.8% in 2008 to 13.4% in 2009, primarily due to the significant impact of price level restatement in 2008 that did not carry over into 2009. The Chilean Revenue Service allows a deduction from taxable net income of the effect of inflation on the Bank’s equity, which is not allowed in an environment of deflation.

 

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Accordingly, despite the higher net income before tax attained by the Bank in 2008, the inflation registered in 2008 allowed us to significantly reduce the taxable net income in 2008, whereas, for taxation purposes, deflation had no effect on the Bank’s net income before tax in 2009. To a lesser extent, the higher effective tax rate in 2009 can be explained by a tax provision of Ch$3,052 million established by the Bank for potential tax payments to the Chilean Revenue Service arising from a review process carried out by the Chilean Revenue Service intended to determine the tax effects of write-offs related to secured loans granted by the Bank during 2007 and 2008.

Business Segments

For management purposes, we have organized our operations and commercial strategies into four business segments, which are defined in accordance with the type of products and services offered to target customers. These business segments are currently defined as follows:

Retail market: This segment is focused on individuals, as well as small and medium-sized companies whose annual sales do not exceed Ch$1,400 million. The segment’s value proposition is primarily focused on consumer loans, commercial loans, current accounts, credit cards, credit lines and mortgage loans.

Wholesale market: This segment is focused on corporate clients and large companies whose annual revenue exceed Ch$1,400 million. This segment offers products and services focused on commercial loans, current accounts, liquidity management services, debt instruments, foreign trade, derivative contracts and leases, as well as corporate finance transactions.

Treasury and money market operations: The revenue generated by this segment relates to the management of the Bank’s balance sheet and liquidity, as well as trading on account of the Bank.

Operations through subsidiaries: This segment corresponds to all companies controlled by the Bank whose results are obtained individually by the respective company. As of December 31, 2009, this business segment consisted of the following companies:

 

   

Banchile Trade Services Limited;

 

   

Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.;

 

   

Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A.;

 

   

Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda.;

 

   

Banchile Factoring S.A.;

 

   

Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.;

 

   

Banchile Securitizadora S.A.;

 

   

Socofin S.A.; and

 

   

Promarket S.A.

For internal reporting purposes, we utilize an additional segment, namely “other,” in order to reflect the effects of non-recurring income and expense items that cannot be suitably allocated to any of the previously mentioned segments. Accordingly, during 2008 the expenses related to our merger with Citibank Chile were mostly allocated to this segment’s results.

The accounting policies described in the summary of accounting principles in “—Critical Accounting Policies” apply to all business segments. Matters such as the evaluation of segment performance and decision-making processes regarding goals and allocation of resources for each segment, are based on a cost-benefit analysis and are aligned with the Bank’s strategic goals.

 

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In order to measure the segments’ financial performance, we use a business segment-based profitability system, which allows us to obtain information for every business segment relative to income, balances, revenues and expenses, among other indicators. This system has been internally developed in order to serve our specific requirements and is continuously improved upon. In addition, business segment information is subject to general internal auditing procedures to ensure its integrity within management decision-making.

The financial information used to measure the performance of the Bank’s business segments is not necessarily comparable with similar information from other financial institutions because it is based on our internal reporting policies. The accounting policies used to prepare the Bank’s operating segment information are similar to those described in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statement, “Summary of Significant Accounting Principles,” except as noted below:

 

   

The net interest margin of loans and deposits is measured on an individual transaction and individual client basis, stemming from the difference between the effective customer rate and the Bank’s related fund transfer price in terms of maturity, re-pricing and currency.

 

   

The results associated with gap management (interest rate mismatches) are fully allocated to our treasury segment.

 

   

The internal performance profitability system considers capital allocation in each segment in accordance with Basel guidelines.

 

   

In addition to direct costs (consisting mainly of labor and administrative expenses of the business segments), the Bank allocates all of its direct and indirect operating costs of back office and support units to each business segment by utilizing the most relevant business driver to assign such costs to the specific segment.

 

   

The Bank applies Chilean GAAP when measuring and recording its allowances for loan losses, assets received in lieu of payments, minimum dividend allowances and other minor items for internal reporting purposes. These accounting principles significantly differ in certain respects from IFRS. A further description on these differences is presented below under “Summary of differences between internal reporting policies and IFRS.”

Net Income by Business Segment

The following table sets forth net income before tax expenses by business segment in accordance with our internal reporting policies for each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

     Year Ended December 31,    % Increase
(Decrease)
 
     2008     2009    2008/2009  
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

BANK’S INTERNAL REPORTING POLICIES:

  

Retail banking

   Ch$ 137,538      Ch$ 83,624    (39.2 %) 

Wholesale banking

     142,206        54,505    (61.7 %) 

Treasury and money market operations

     66,795        106,937    60.1

Subsidiaries

     38,770        52,418    35.2

Other

     (6,164     —      (100.0 %) 
                     

Net income

   Ch$ 379,145      Ch$ 297,484    (21.5 %) 
                     

 

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Retail Banking. 2008 and 2009. The 39.2% decrease in the retail banking business segment’s net income in 2009 was primarily attributable to a 36.6% increase in provisions for loan losses, from Ch$114,223 million in 2008 to Ch$156,013 million in 2009. This increase was fueled by the global financial crisis, which led to a deterioration of customer risk profiles and created a situation in which provisions for loan losses increased to offset potential credit quality problems. A 3.9% decrease in net operating income also contributed to the overall decrease.

Wholesale Banking. 2008 and 2009. The 61.7% decrease in the wholesale business segment’s net income in 2009 was mainly attributable to (i) a 68.1% increase in provisions for loan losses to Ch$66,016 million in 2009, due to a deterioration of certain corporate customer risk profiles, (ii) a lower contribution from demand deposits prompted by the lower interest rates registered in 2009 as compared to 2008, (iii) a 10.6% reduction in total loans mainly due to deteriorated economic conditions that prompted large companies to postpone investment projects, and (iv) a lower yield of the capital allocated to the wholesale business segment, primarily as a result of the lower inflation rate observed during 2009 as compared to 2008.

Treasury and Money Market Operations. 2008 and 2009. The treasury and money market operations business segment’s net income (before taxes) increased significantly to Ch$106,936 million in 2009 from Ch$66,791 million in 2008, representing a 60.1% increase. This increase was primarily a result of the higher performance of interest rate positions (maturity mismatch) and the net gains from our trading and available-for-sale portfolios.

Operations through Subsidiaries. 2008 and 2009. The 35.2% increase in net income from our subsidiaries in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily attributable to (i) the 11.9% net income increase of our Securities Brokerage subsidiary, as a consequence of greater revenues from fixed-income securities trading and stock trading fees, (ii) an increase of 12.3% in the results of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos generated by a 31% increase in the average assets under management and (iii) a 17.1% increase in net earnings of our Financial Advisory subsidiary, related to a higher activity in bond and equity advisory business.

Summary of differences between internal reporting policies and IFRS

We prepare our business segments’ financial information in accordance with our internal reporting policies, which differ in certain significant aspects from IFRS. The following table sets forth net income and equity for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 in accordance with our internal reporting policies and under IFRS:

 

     As of January 1,    Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2008     2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

Net income before taxes (Internal Reporting Policies)

   Ch$ —      Ch$ 379,145      Ch$ 297,484

Reconciliation to IFRS

        (17,237     4,651

Net income before taxes (IFRS)

     —        361,908        302,135

Net income (Internal Reporting Policies)

     —        347,439        257,887

Net income (IFRS)

     —        365,054        261,746

Equity (Internal Reporting Policies)

     1,051,393      1,321,753        1,392,748

Equity (IFRS)

   Ch$ 1,052,579    Ch$ 1,505,318      Ch$ 1,600,985

Some differences exist between our net income and equity as determined in accordance with our internal reporting policies, which are used for management reporting purposes, as presented in the segment information, and our net income and equity as determined under IFRS, as presented in our consolidated financial statements.

 

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The most significant differences are as follows:

Under internal reporting policies, the merger of Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile was accounted for under the pooling-of-interest method, while under IFRS, and for external financial reporting purposes, the merger of the two banks was accounted for as a business combination in which the Bank is the acquirer as required by IFRS 3 “Business Combinations.” Under IFRS 3, the Bank recognized all acquired net assets at fair value as determined at the acquisition date, as well as the goodwill resulting from the purchase price consideration in excess of net assets recognized. As a result of these accounting policy differences, our net income under IFRS is Ch$6,450 lower than our internally reported net income in 2008 and 2009.

For internal reporting purposes, allowances for loan losses are calculated based on specific guidelines set by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks based on an expected losses approach. Under IFRS, IAS 39 “Financial instruments: Recognition and Measurement,” allowances for loan losses should be adequate to cover losses in the loan portfolio at the respective balance sheet dates based on an analysis of estimated future cash flows. According to internal reporting policies, the Bank records additional allowances related to expected losses not yet incurred, whereas under IFRS these expected losses must not be recognized. As a result of these accounting policy differences, our net income under IFRS is Ch$27,843 and Ch$5,298 million higher than our net income internally reported in 2008 and 2009, respectively.

For internal reporting purposes, assets received in lieu of payments are measured at historical cost or fair value, less cost to sell, if lower, on a portfolio basis and written-off if not sold after a certain period in accordance with specific guidelines set by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. Under IFRS, these assets are deemed non-current assets held-for-sale and their accounting treatment is set by IFRS 5 “Non-current assets held for sale and Discontinued operations.” In accordance with IFRS 5 these assets are measured at historical cost or fair value, less cost to sell, if lower. Accordingly, under IFRS these assets are not written off unless impaired. As a result of this accounting policy difference, our net income under IFRS is Ch$4,188 million higher than our net income internally reported in 2008 and Ch$3,838 million higher in 2009.

Chilean companies are required to distribute 30% of their net income to shareholders unless a majority of shareholders approve the retention of profits. In accordance with internal reporting policies, the Bank records a minimum dividend allowance based on its distribution policy, which requires distribution of at least 70% of the period net income, as permitted by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. During 2008 and 2009, the Bank recorded allowances of Ch$190,698 and Ch$180,519 million, respectively. Under IFRS, only the portion of dividends that is required to be distributed by Chilean Law must be recorded, i.e., 30% as required by Chilean Corporations Law. This accounting difference does not lead to differences in net income.

 

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Overview

A sound liquidity strategy must be focused on ensuring that funds are available to honor our financial commitments when they are due and also to take advantage of attractive business opportunities. To accomplish this, we monitor funding liquidity (i.e., the ability to raise funds when they are needed without incurring abnormal costs) and trading liquidity (i.e., the ability to easily defease debt and equity instruments held in our portfolios and/or offset price risk positions generated by derivative transactions).

Liquidity risk can be technically broken down into two types of risks: trading liquidity risk and funding liquidity risk. Trading liquidity risk deals with the inability to defease cash positions (bonds, loans, etc.) and/or offset price risks generated by derivatives transactions; Funding liquidity risk is related to the Bank’s inability to raise funds. Both risks can lead to potentially adverse scenarios that might make the bank unable to meet its payment obligations and/or potential payment obligations when they become due.

These two risks are jointly managed but by utilizing different tools, as detailed below.

Trading Liquidity Risk Management

Holding a stake of debt instruments with deep secondary markets ensures trading liquidity. Central bank and government instruments show these characteristics; short-term bank’s time deposits do as well. These kinds of instruments are held in our trading portfolio and comprise some portion of the Available-for-Sale (AFS) portfolio. In addition, mortgage bonds issued by banks resident in Chile and corporate bonds are also part of the AFS portfolio.

Even though mortgage and corporate bonds show much less trading liquidity than Central Bank and Government instruments, the former may be sold to the Central Bank under repurchase agreements. Government instruments and short-term bank time deposits are also eligible to be sold to the Central Bank under repurchase agreements.

Funding Liquidity Risk Management

Diversifying funding sources and avoiding a concentration of large fund providers or funding maturity dates are means to ensure funding liquidity. Diversification is ensured through the establishment of triggers that monitor concentrations of funding sources, of maturity, of currency, etc. The aggregation of significant fund providers by currency is monitored as a percentage of our current liabilities.

Concentration triggers by maturity date are also in place.

Cross-currency funding is also watched in order to avoid the inability of converting Chilean Pesos back into U.S. dollars due to an absence of trading liquidity in the Foreign Exchange market.

In particular, our funding strategy aims to satisfy our customers’ needs and to enhance our product base offering while maintaining a prudent product diversification profile, currencies and maturities. We are focused on broadening the current core and diversified funding obtained through the retail banking business. In addition, we are continuously issuing either senior or subordinated bonds in order to match both the liquidity and the interest rate risk generated by our long-term loans.

In addition to our own metrics in place to monitor liquidity, the Central Bank and the Chilean Superintendency of Banks have established regulations regarding liquidity, which include: minimum reserve requirements for deposits, minimum “technical” reserve requirements and maximum expected outflows for the following 30 and 90 days.

 

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The Central Bank has established a minimum reserve of 9.0% for demand deposits and 3.6% for time deposits. The reserve requirement must be complied with separately by currency (Chilean Peso and foreign currencies).

In addition, we are subject to a “technical” reserve requirement applicable to all banks that operate in Chile. The daily balance of deposits payable on demand, net of clearing, may not exceed 2.5 times the amount of the bank’s Regulatory Capital. Deposits payable on demand include:

 

   

deposits in current accounts;

 

   

other demand deposits or obligations payable on demand and incurred in the ordinary course of business;

 

   

savings deposits that allow unconditional withdrawals that bear a stated maturity; and

 

   

other deposits unconditionally payable immediately.

Chilean regulations also require that the expected outflows within the following 30 days not exceed the amount of a bank’s Basic Capital and the expected outflows within the following 90 days not exceed twice the amount of a bank’s Basic Capital. Expected outflows may include behavioral assumptions. Measurements must be made by currency separately.

Mandatory metrics requested by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and other metrics developed by the Bank utilizing internal models are daily prepared by independent units within the Corporate/Market Risk Management. These reports are daily submitted to the corresponding Treasury areas, which are in charge of overseeing and managing the liquidity of the Bank. The Country Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) also monitors these metrics on a monthly basis.

Given our internal metrics and policies, we believe that our working capital is sufficient to meet our present needs.

Cash Flows

The tables below set forth our principal sources of cash. Our subsidiaries are not an important source of cash for us and therefore, do not significantly influence our ability to meet our cash obligations. No legal, contractual or economic restrictions exist on the ability of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to us in the form of loans or cash dividends as long as our subsidiaries abide by the regulations in the Chilean Corporations Law regarding loans to related parties and minimum dividend payments.

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Net cash provided by operating activities

   Ch$ 514,504    Ch$ 703,623
             

2008 and 2009. Cash provided by operating activities increased to Ch$703,623 million in 2009 from Ch$514,504 million in 2008, which represents a 36.8% increase. This increase is primarily the result of (i) the increase in current accounts and other demand deposits, and (ii) the decrease in loans to customers. This increase was partly offset by the decrease in our time deposits.

 

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     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Net cash used in investing activities

   Ch$ (613,264   Ch$ (414,826
                

2008 and 2009. Cash used in investing activities decreased by 32.4% to Ch$414,826 million in 2009 from Ch$613,264 million in 2008, primarily as a result of the lower annual increase of our available-for-sale portfolio, which totaled Ch$183,233 million in 2009 as compared to Ch$859,655 million in 2008.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008    2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   Ch$ 507,329    Ch$ (408,168
               

2008 and 2009. During 2009, cash used in financing activities was Ch$408,168 as compared to Ch$507,329 provided by financing activities in 2008. The net outflow of cash during 2009 was primarily attributable to (i) a lower increase of long term foreign borrowings, (ii) a higher redemption of bonds and (iii) a decrease in the amount of bonds issued by the Bank in 2009 as compared to 2008.

 

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Other Borrowings

Borrowings are described as short-term when they have original maturities of less than one year or are due on demand. All other borrowings are described as long-term, including the amounts due within one year on such borrowings.

 

     January 1, 2008    Year Ended December 31, 2008    Year Ended December 31, 2009
     Long-term    Short-term    Total    Long-term    Short-term    Total    Long-term    Short-term    Total
     (In millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

                          

Borrowings from financial institutions:

                          

Central Bank Credit lines for renegotiation of loans

   Ch$ 513    Ch$ —      Ch$ 513    Ch$ 307    Ch$ —      Ch$ 307    Ch$ 114    Ch$ —      Ch$ 114

Other borrowings from the Central Bank

     —        —           —        —        —        155,090      —        155,090

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions

     —        73,948      73,948      —        2,598      2,598      —        3,878      3,878

Borrowings from foreign institutions

     628,887      153,981      782,868      —        1,495,644      1,495,644      —        1,209,144      1,209,144

Debt issued:

                          

Bonds

     772,801      —        772,801      994,583      —        994,583      815,734      —        815,734

Subordinated bonds

     446,395      —        446,395      555,576      —        555,576      506,683      —        506,683

Mortgage finance bonds

     396,731      —        396,731      349,928      —        349,928      265,581      —        265,581

Other financial obligations

     4,868      58,173      63,041      45,707      48,001      93,708      46,410      129,740      176,150
                                                              

Total other interest bearing liabilities

   Ch$ 2,250,195    Ch$ 286,102    Ch$ 2,536,297    Ch$ 1,946,101    Ch$ 1,546,243    Ch$ 3,492,344    Ch$ 1,789,612    Ch$ 1,342,762    Ch$ 3,132,374
                                                              

 

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Central Bank borrowings

Central Bank borrowings include credit lines for the renegotiation of loans and other Central Bank borrowings. Credit lines were provided by the Central Bank for the renegotiation of mortgage loans due to the need to refinance debts as a result of the economic recession and crisis of the Chilean banking system from 1982 to 1985. The credit lines for the renegotiations of mortgage loans are linked to the UF index and carry an average real annual interest rate of 3.76% as of December 31, 2009. The maturities of the outstanding amounts are as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ 155,204

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     —  

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     —  

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     —  

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     —  

Due after 5 years

     —  
      

Total long-term (Credit lines for renegotiation of loans)

     155,204

Total short-term (Other Central Bank borrowings)

     —  
      

Total Central Bank borrowings

   Ch$ 155,204
      

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions

Borrowings from domestic financial institutions, which are used to fund our general activities, carried a weighted average annual real interest rate of 4.11% as of December 31, 2009 and had the following outstanding maturities as of December 31, 2009:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     (in millions of Ch$)  

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ —     

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     —     

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     —     

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     —     

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     —     

Due after 5 years

     —     
        

Total long-term

  

Total short-term

     3,878 (1) 
        

Total borrowings from domestic financial institutions

   Ch$ 3,878   
        

 

(1) Includes borrowings with maturities that were originally greater than one year but which as of December 31, 2009 had remaining maturities of less than one year.

 

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Borrowings from foreign financial institutions

We have short-term and long-term borrowings from foreign banks. The outstanding maturities of these borrowings as of December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ —  

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     —  

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     —  

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     —  

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     —  

Due after 5 years

     —  
      

Total long-term

     —  

Total short-term

     1,209,144
      

Total foreign borrowings

   Ch$ 1,209,144
      

Each of these loans is denominated in foreign currency and is principally used to fund our foreign trade loans and carried an average annual nominal interest rate of 1.30% as of December 31, 2009.

Bonds

Our bonds are linked to the UF Index and carried an average real annual interest rate of 3.46% as of December 31, 2009, with interest and principal payments due semi-annually. The bonds were originally intended to finance loans that had a maturity of greater than one year.

The maturities of outstanding bond amounts as of December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ 181,030

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     118,674

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     182,080

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     98,909

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     15,764

Due after 5 years

     219,277
      

Total bonds

   Ch$ 815,734
      

 

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Subordinated bonds

Our currently outstanding subordinated bonds are linked to the UF index with interest and principal payments due semi-annually. The discount on the issuance of the currently outstanding subordinated bonds is amortized over the life of the bond. As of December 31, 2009, the effective real interest rate was 4.45% taking into consideration the discount on issuance.

The bonds are intended to finance loans having a maturity greater than one year. As of December 31, 2009 the outstanding maturities of the bonds, which are considered long-term, were as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ 149,621

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     28,172

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     28,172

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     20,332

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     21,306

Due after 5 years

     259,080
      

Total subordinated bonds

   Ch$ 506,683
      

During 2009, Banco de Chile issued subordinated bonds with a 25-year maturity term. The subordinated bonds were issued in UF for an aggregate amount of Ch$21,137 million (historic pesos). These subordinated bonds accrue interest at an annual rate of 4.5%.

Subordinated bonds are considered in the calculation of “Regulatory Capital” for the purpose of determining our minimum capital requirements.

 

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Mortgage finance bonds

Mortgage finance bonds are used to finance the granting of mortgage loans. The outstanding principal amounts of the bonds are amortized on a quarterly basis. The range of maturities of these bonds is between five and twenty years. The bonds are linked to the UF index and carried a weighted average annual interest rate of 4.19% as of December 31, 2009.

The maturities of outstanding mortgage finance bond amounts as of December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ 37,407

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     35,924

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     33,194

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     28,638

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     26,408

Due after 5 years

     104,010
      

Total mortgage finance bonds

   Ch$ 265,581
      

Other financial obligations

 

     As of December 31,
     2008    2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

     

Other long-term obligations:

     

Obligations with Chilean Government

   Ch$ 45,708    Ch$ 46,410
             

Total other long-term obligations

     45,708      46,410

Other short-term obligations

     48,000      129,740
             

Total other obligations

   Ch$ 93,708    Ch$ 176,150
             

As of December 31, 2009, other financial obligations had the following maturities:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

IFRS:

  

Due within 1 year

   Ch$ 129,740

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

     —  

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

     —  

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

     —  

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

     —  

Due after 5 years

     —  
      

Total long-term

     129,740

Total short-term

     46,410
      

Total other obligations

   Ch$ 176,150
      

 

(1) Includes borrowings with maturities that were originally greater than one year but which as of December 31, 2009 had remaining maturities of less than one year.

 

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Asset and Liability Management

Our asset and liability management policy is to maximize net interest income, return on assets and average equity in light of interest rate, liquidity and foreign exchange risks, within the limits of Chilean banking regulations and our internal risk management policies. Subject to these constraints, we may from time to time take mismatched positions as to interest rates or, in certain limited circumstances, foreign currencies when justified, in our view, by market conditions and prospects, and subject to our asset and liability management policies. Our Board of Directors determines our asset and liability policies. See Note 45 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

Funding

The following table sets forth our average daily balance of liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009, in each case together with the related average nominal interest rates paid thereon:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2009  
      Average
Balance
   % of Total
Liabilities
    Average
Nominal
Rate
    Average
Balance
   % of Total
Liabilities
    Average
Nominal
Rate
 
     (in millions of Ch$, except percentages)  

IFRS:

              

Current accounts and demand deposits

   Ch$ 2,703,027    17.8   —     Ch$ 3,133,304    19.9   —  

Savings accounts and time deposits

     7,594,363    49.9      8.03        7,568,317    48.1      2.23   

Borrowings from financial institutions

     1,223,693    8.0      0.35        1,197,151    7.6      0.21   

Debt issued

     1,730,996    11.4      13.07        1,713,629    10.9      1.88   

Other financial obligations

     95,202    0.6      25.16        101,999    0.6      21.69   

Other interest bearing liabilities

     439,345    2.9      6.48        275,058    1.7      2.31   

Other non-interest bearing liabilities

     1,433,865    9.4      —          1,739,093    11.2      —     
                              

Total liabilities

   Ch$ 15,220,491    100.0   —        Ch$ 15,728,551    100.0   —     
                              

Our most important source of funding is our customer deposits, which consist primarily of peso-denominated, non-interest bearing current accounts and demand deposits and peso and UF-denominated interest bearing time deposits and savings accounts. Current accounts and demand deposits represented 19.9% of our average total liabilities in 2009, and are our least expensive source of funding. Savings accounts and time deposit and debt issued represented 59.0% of our average liabilities in 2009 and 61.3% of our average liabilities in 2008, respectively.

 

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TREND INFORMATION

We believe we have developed strong competitive advantages during the last years, which should allow us to remain as a relevant player within the Chilean banking industry. We are continuously seeking additional improvements in matters such as operating efficiency, productivity, profitability and service quality. As pointed out in this annual report, the environment in which we develop our business activities is increasingly competitive and tends to create large financial groups through an active market for M&A. In addition, competition from non-banking companies, mainly those involved in the retail industry, has encouraged us to develop improved value propositions to satisfy our customers’ needs.

The following trends may have an impact on the Chilean economy and the economic growth of its trade partners, and could therefore also affect our operating results or financial condition:

 

   

The fragile recovery of the global economy. Unforeseeable financial events, such as the current uncertainty about the financial condition of some European countries, affect financial markets.

 

   

The impact on worldwide consumption and foreign trade caused by the elimination of monetary and fiscal stimulus in both developed and developing economies.

We believe that Chile and its financial industry have demonstrated to be successful in facing worldwide financial contingencies, based on a strict fiscal policy, a forward-looking and independent monetary policy, as well as a strong regulation and supervision related to the financial industry, which has been internationally recognized as an example of reliability and well-oriented practices.

In addition, an international trend intended to protect consumers’ financial rights has recently arisen. This trend has become increasingly significant in Chile and constitutes a tendency that could be adopted by the Chilean financial regulation, which could affect our future operating results.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

In the normal course of business, we are a party to a number of off-balance sheet activities that contain credit, market and operational risk that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. These activities include commitments to extend credit not otherwise accounted for as contingent loans, such as overdrafts and credit card lines of credit, and long-term contractual obligations under operating leases or service contracts.

We provide customers with off balance sheet credit support through loan commitments. Such commitments are agreements to lend to a customer at a future date, subject to compliance with the contractual terms. Since substantial portions of these commitments are expected to expire without our having to make any loans, total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent our actual future cash requirements. The amounts of these loan commitments were Ch$3,113,239 million (U.S.$6,147 million) as of December 31, 2008 and Ch$3,352,973 million (U.S.$6,621 million) as of December 31, 2009. The amounts of subscribed leasing contracts were Ch$105,325 million (U.S.$208 million) and Ch$102,173 million (U.S.$202 million) as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

Interest rate and cross-currency swaps, which are entered into in order to hedge the foreign investment portfolio, are recorded at their estimated fair market values. See Note 12 to our audited financial statements.

The credit risk of both on and off balance sheet financial instruments vary based on many factors, including the value of collateral held and other security arrangements. To mitigate credit risk, we generally determine the need for specific covenant, guarantee and collateral requirements on a case-by-case basis, depending on the nature of the financial instrument and the customer’s creditworthiness. The amount and type of collateral held to reduce credit risk varies, but may include real estate, machinery, equipment, inventory and accounts receivable, as well as cash on deposit, stocks, bonds and other marketable securities that are generally held in our possession or at another appropriate custodian or depository. This collateral is valued and inspected on a regular basis to ensure both its existence and adequacy. Additional collateral is requested when appropriate. For further information, see Note 30 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

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Financial Guarantees

The following is a summary of the nominal value of instruments that are considered financial guarantees and which are accounted for under off balance sheet accounts:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
     (in millions of Ch$)

Performance bonds

   Ch$ 1,168,059

Foreign office guarantees and standby letters of credit

     114,012
      

Total

   Ch$ 1,282,071
      

Guarantees in the form of performance bonds, standby letters of credit and foreign office guarantees are issued in connection with agreements made by customers to counterparties. If the customer fails to comply with the agreement, the counterparty may enforce the performance bonds, standby letters of credit or foreign office guarantees as a remedy. Credit risk arises from the possibility that the customer may not be able to repay us for these guarantees.

The expiration of guarantees per period is as follows:

 

      Due within 1
year
   Due after 1
year but
within 3

Years
   Due after 3
years but
within 5

years
   Due after 5
years
   Total
     (in millions of Ch$)

Performance bonds

   Ch$ 743,179    Ch$ 287,780    Ch$ 134,030    Ch$ 3,070    Ch$ 1,168,059

Foreign office guarantees and standby letters of credit

     89,832      23,964      216      —        114,012
                                  

Total

   Ch$ 833,011    Ch$ 311,744    Ch$ 134,246    Ch$ 3,070    Ch$ 1,282,071
                                  

TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following tables set forth our contractual obligations and commercial commitments by time remaining to maturity. As of December 31, 2009, the scheduled maturities of our contractual obligations, including accrued interest, were as follows:

IFRS:

 

      Due within 1
year
   Due after 1
year but
within 3

Years
   Due after 3
years but
within 5

years
   Due after 5
years
   Total
Contractual Obligations    (in millions of Ch$)

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   Ch$ 3,718,076    Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ —      Ch$ 3,718,076

Savings accounts and time deposits

     7,230,085      195,251      2,121      24      7,427,481

Bonds issued

     218,437      369,872      169,719      323,287      1,081,315

Borrowings from financial institutions

     1,368,226      —        —        —        1,368,226

Other obligations

     176,150      —        —        —        176,150

Lease contracts

     16,274      22,309      15,174      26,596      80,353

Services contracts

     114,190      165,329      147,945      335,818      763,282

Payables from repurchase agreement and security lending

     308,028      —        —        —        308,028
                                  

Total

   Ch$ 13,149,466    Ch$ 752,761    Ch$ 334,959    Ch$ 685,725    Ch$ 14,922,911
                                  

 

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Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees

DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Directors

Our administration is conducted by our Board of Directors, which, in accordance with our estatutos, or bylaws, consists of eleven Directors and two Alternate Directors. The entire Board of Directors is elected every three years. Our current Board of Directors was elected in March 2008 and its term expires in March 2011. Our Alternate Directors were appointed in March 2008. The current Chairman of the Board, Pablo Granifo, was elected in 2007.

Cumulative voting is permitted for the election of directors. Our Chairman and our Chief Executive Officer are appointed by our Board of Directors and hold their offices at its discretion. Scheduled meetings of our Board of Directors are held at least twice a month. Extraordinary Board of Directors meetings may be called by the Chairman, when requested by a majority of the Directors, or, in limited circumstances, when requested by one Director.

Our current Directors are as follows:

 

Director

  

Position

   Age

Pablo Granifo L.

   Chairman    51

Andronico Luksic C.

   Vice Chairman    56

Jorge Awad M.

   Director    64

Jacob Ergas E.

   Director    75

Fernando Quiroz R.

   Director    54

Guillermo Luksic C.

   Director    54

Raul Anaya E.

   Director    55

Gonzalo Menendez D.

   Director    61

Felipe Joannon Vergara

   Director    50

Francisco Perez M.

   Director    52

Jaime Estevez V.

   Director    63

Rodrigo Manubens M.

   Alternate Director    51

Thomas Fürst F.

   Alternate Director    79

Pablo Granifo L. was elected as the Chairman of our Board of Directors in 2007. He was our Chief Executive Officer from 2001 to 2007. He was the Chief Executive Officer of Banco de A. Edwards from 2000 to 2001, a Commercial Manager at Banco Santiago from 1995 to 1999, and a Corporate Manager at Banco Santiago from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Granifo is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A., Socofin S.A., Banchile Securitizadora S.A., Banchile Factoring S.A., and Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., and Chairman of the Executive Committee of Banchile Corredores de Seguros Limitada. He holds a degree in Business from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

Andrónico Luksic C. was reelected as Director and Vice Chairman of our Board of Directors in 2008, a position he has held every year since 2002. Mr. Luksic is Vice Chairman of Quiñenco S.A. and a member of the Board of Directors at Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A., Manufacturas de Cobre Madeco S.A., Industria Nacional de Alimentos S.A., Sociedad de Fomento Fabril (SOFOFA) and Bolsa de Comercio de Santiago. He also serves on the Chairman’s Advisory Council at the Council of the Americas, the Advisory Board to the Panama Canal Authority, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Advisory Council, and is a Triennium Participant in the Trilateral Commission and the International Business Leaders’ Advisory Council of Mayor Han Zheng of the Municipal Government of Shanghai. He is a member of the Board of Trustees at Babson College, the Advisory Committee to the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies at Harvard University, and the Global Advisory Board of Harvard Business School. He was Chairman of the Board of Directors of Banco O’Higgins and subsequently Chairman of the Board of Directors of Banco Santiago until May 1999. Mr. Luksic was Director and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Banco de A. Edwards from September 1999 to December 2001. Mr. Andrónico Luksic and Mr. Guillermo Luksic are brothers.

 

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Jorge Awad M. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 1996. From 1989 to 1996, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Banco de Santiago. Mr. Awad has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lan Airlines S.A. since 1994 and is a member of the Board of Directors of several other companies, including Envases del Pacifico S.A. and Icare. Previously, Mr. Awad was a Director of Codelco Chile, Television Nacional de Chile, Laboratorio Chile S.A. and other companies. He is also a Professor of Business Entrepreneurship at the Universidad de Chile, from which he holds a degree in Commercial Engineering.

Jacob Ergas E. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2002. Mr. Ergas is also Director of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A. He is Chairman of the Board of Directors of J. Ergas Inversiones y Rentas Limitada, Ever I BAE S.A., Ever II HNS S.A., Inmobiliaria Paidahue S.A., and INERSA S.A. He was Chairman of the Board of Directors of Banedwards S.A., Administradora de Fondos Mutuos, Banedwards S.A. Fondos de Inversion and Banedwards Corredora de Seguros Limitada. He was Director of Promarket S.A., Banedwards Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and Banedwards Asesoría Financiera S.A. He was Director and Vice Chairman of Banco de A. Edwards from 1986 to 2001 and also Director of the Chilean Association of Banks and Financial Institutions. Presently, he is a member of the Board of Directors of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.

Fernando Quiroz is the ICG Head (Institutional Clients Group) for Citi in Latin America, Chairman of Acciones y Valores Banamex (Accival), and the CEO for ICG Banamex. He is a member of Citi’s Senior Leadership Committee and Citi’s ICG Management Committee. Prior to his current position, Mr. Quiroz was the Head of Strategy and Corporate Development of Banamex and Citi Latin America. He began his career at Banamex in 1979, holding various positions. He also served as Head Economist of Banamex.

Guillermo Luksic C. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2001 and was previously the Vice Chairman of our Board of Directors from March 2001 to March 2002. Mr. Luksic is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Quiñenco S.A., Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. (CCU), Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. and Madeco S.A. Since 2005, he has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Antofagasta PLC. Mr. Luksic is an active member of Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), a Chilean think-tank and member of the Board of Directors of Universidad Finis Terrae. Mr. Guillermo Luksic is the brother of Mr. Andrónico Luksic.

Raúl Anaya E. is Cluster Head for all Citigroup’s businesses in Central America and the Caribbean. He is responsible for all business within this region. Mr. Anaya was named to this position in July 2008. He previously served as Chief Executive Officer of Latin America, Citigroup Global Consumer Group since December 2005. Before that, he served as Retail Head for Latin America since February 2005. From August 2003 to January 2005, Mr. Anaya was Executive Director in Charge of Consumer Assets at Banamex in Mexico, responsible for Mortgages, Personal Loans and Auto Financing. Prior to this position, Mr. Anaya was the Divisional Director in Charge of the Center Metropolitan Retail Banking Division in Banamex. From May 1999 to January 2002, Mr. Anaya was Chairman and CEO of Banco Bansud S.A. (formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Banamex) in Argentina. Mr. Anaya joined Citibank at the Banamex New York Agency in October 1987 and subsequently became General Manager of Banamex Los Angeles Agency, Executive VP of the Corporate and International Banking Division at California Commerce Bank, General Manager of Banamex Houston Agency and General Manager of Banamex New York Agency with responsibility for the U.S. and Canada offices. Mr. Anaya was a member of the Board of Directors of California Commerce Bank from 1996 to 2001.

 

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Gonzalo Menendez D. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2001. He is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Inversiones Vita S.A. and a member of the Boards of Directors of several other companies, including Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A., Banchile Factoring S.A., Banchile Seguros de Vida S.A., Minera El Tesoro, Quiñenco S.A., Antofagasta PLC, Minera Michilla S.A., Mining Group Antofagasta Minerals S.A., Antofagasta Railway, Minera, Los Pelambres, Aguas de Antofagasta S.A., Andsberg Investment Ltd. and Andsberg Limited. He is also Vice Chairman of Fundación Andronico Luksic A. and Fundación Pascual Baburizza. Previously, Mr. Menendez served as Chief Executive Officer of Antofagasta Railway, Banco O’Higgins and Empresas Lucchetti. Since 1990, he has been a Director and is now the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Banco Latinoamericano de Comercio Exterior, S.A. Bladex. Mr. Menendez was a member of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of Banco Santiago and a member of the Board of Directors of Banco de A. Edwards. Mr. Menendez was a Professor of Finance and Chilean Economic and Business Policy at the Universidad de Chile. He holds a degree in Business Administration and Accounting from the Universidad de Chile.

Felipe Joannon V. has served as Managing Director of Business Development of Quiñenco S.A. since 1999. He is currently a member of the Board of Directors of Madeco, Banco de Chile, Alusa, Peruplast (a subsidiary of Alusa in Peru), Viña San Pedro Tarapacá, Foods Cía. de Alimentos CCU, and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Viña Valles de Chile and Altair. Prior to joining Quiñenco S.A., Mr. Joannon was Chief Executive Officer of Viña Santa Rita, deputy Chief Executive Officer of Cristalerías Chile and Resident Vice-President of the Corporate Finance Area of Citicorp Chile. He has also been a Professor at the Business School of Universidad Católica de Chile and Universidad de Los Andes. Currently, he is professor at the Graduate Business School of Universidad de Los Andes (ESE). He received a degree in Economics from the Universidad Católica de Chile and holds an MBA degree from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

Francisco Perez M. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2001. Since 1998, Mr. Perez has been the Chief Executive Officer of Quiñenco S.A. He was formerly the Chief Executive Officer of Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A., of which he is still a Director. Prior to 1991, Mr. Perez was Chief Executive Officer of Citicorp-Chile and also was Vice President of Bankers Trust in Chile. Mr. Perez holds a degree in Business Administration from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and a Master’s Degree in Business Administration from the University of Chicago.

Jaime Estevez V. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2007. Presently, he is also a member of the Board of Directors of Endesa Chile. Previously, Mr. Estevez served as the Chairman of Banco Estado, a state bank. Additionally, he has served as a Director on the boards of AFP Provida and AFP Protección, two Chilean private funds. Mr. Estevez served as Minister of Public Works and Minister of Transport and Telecommunications and was a Congressman and President of the Lower Chamber of Congress. Mr. Estevez holds a degree in Economics from the Universidad de Chile.

Rodrigo Manubens M. has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2001. Mr. Manubens was a member of the Board of Directors of Banco de A. Edwards from 1999 until 2001. From 1985 to 1999, Mr. Manubens was a member of the Board of Directors of Banco O’Higgins and continued in that role when it merged into Banco Santiago. From 1995 to 1999 he was Chairman of Banco Tornquist in Argentina and a member of the Board of Directors of Banco Sur in Peru and Banco Asuncion in Paraguay. Mr. Manubens also served as a Director and Chairman of Endesa Chile S.A. He is Chairman of Banchile Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A., and the Director of the Center for International Management at the Adolfo Ibañez Graduate School of Business. Mr. Manubens holds a degree in Business from Universidad Adolfo Ibañez and a Master of Science from the London School of Economics and Political Science.

Thomas G. Fürst has been a shareholder and member of our Board of Directors since 2004. Previously, Mr. Fürst was Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors at Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and a member of the Board of Directors of several other companies, including Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A., Viña Dassault-San Pedro S.A, Southern Breweries Establishment, CCU Argentina S.A. and Compañía Industrial Cerveceria S.A. (CICSA). Mr. Fürst was a Founder and member of the Board of Directors of Parque Arauco. In addition, he is a Partner and member of the Board of Directors of Plaza S.A. and Nuevos Desarrollos S.A., the owners of eleven shopping centers around Chile and two in Peru. Mr. Fürst studied Civil Construction at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

 

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Senior Management

Our current Executive Officers are as follows:

 

Executive Officers

  

Position

   Age

Arturo Tagle Quiroz

   Chief Executive Officer    51

Pedro Samhan. E.

   Chief Financial Officer    59

Nelson Rojas P.

   General Legal Counsel    56

Mauricio Baeza L.

   Manager — Corporate Credit Risk Division    47

Alejandro Herrera A.

   Manager — Commercial Division    53

Patricio Melo G.

   Manager — Operations and Technology Division    50

Jennie E. Coleman A.

   Manager — Human Resources Division    56

Felipe Dawes C.

   Manager — Development and Quality Division    36

Eduardo Ebensperger O.

   Manager — Wholesale, Large Corporations and Real Estate Division    44

Juan Cooper A.

   Manager — Consumer Division    49

Felipe Echaiz B.

   Manager — Global Compliance Division    43

Mario Farren R.

   Manager — Corporate and Investment Banking Division    49

Julio Ramirez G.

   Manager — Individual Credit Risk Division    44

Oscar Mehech C.

   Manager — Risk Control Division    45

Arturo Tagle Q. was appointed our Chief Executive Officer in 2010. Prior to serving this position, and since November 2009, he was the Manager of the Institutional and Investors Relations. Previously he was the Manager of the Strategic Development Division, since 2008. From 2002 to 2007 Mr. Tagle was CFO of the Bank and from 1998 to 2001 he was Head of Internal Audit and Control. Mr. Tagle joined us in 1995. Previously he was General Manager of the Chilean Bankers Association (1990 – 1994) and Director of Research at the Chilean Superintendency of Banks (1984 – 1989). Mr. Tagle is also the general manager of Sociedad Matriz del Banco de Chile S.A. and SAOS since 1996. He holds a degree in Business Administration from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and a Master’s Degree in Business Administration from the University of Chicago.

Pedro Samhan E . was appointed our Chief Financial Officer on January 1, 2008. On August 21, 2008, he was appointed Director of Banchile Trade Services Limited. Prior to his appointment as Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Samhan was the Chief Financial Officer of Citigroup Chile for several years. He served as a Board member of Cruz Blanca Seguros de Vida (1994 – 1997), AFP Habitat (1996 – 2006) and Compañía Minera Las Luces (1994 – 1996). Mr. Samhan was Chief Financial Officer of Citicorp for Caribbean and Central America (1990 – 1993) and Investment Banking Head of Citicorp Chile (1988 – 1990). Mr. Samhan holds a degree in Civil Industrial Engineering from the Universidad de Chile.

Nelson Rojas P. has been our General Counsel and Secretary of our Board of Directors since 2004. In 2002, he joined us as Deputy General Counsel. Mr. Rojas joined Banco de A. Edwards in 1987 and was the General Legal Counsel and Secretary of the Board of Directors of Banco de A. Edwards from 1997 until 2002. He is also Vice President of the Legal Affairs Committee of the Chilean Bank Association. Mr. Rojas holds a degree in Law from the Universidad de Chile.

Mauricio Baeza L. has been the Manager of the Credit Risk Division since December 2005. Mr. Baeza joined us in 1997 and was Manager of the Risk Division in Banco de A. Edwards during 2001. He was Risk Manager at Banco Santiago from 1993 to 1997 and a member of the Board of Directors of Santiago Administradora de Fondos de Inversion. He is Secretary to the Director’s Loan Committee, SOCOFIN SA Committee Advisor, Finance, International and Financial Risk Committee Advisor, and participates in the Portfolio Risk Committee. Mr. Baeza is also a member of the Investment Committee of Banchile Fondo Inmobiliario. Mr. Baeza holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

 

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Alejandro Herrera A. leads the Commercial Division, including Marketing, Individual and Small and Medium-Sized Companies and Branches since 2009. From 2006, he also held the position of Manager of Branches, Individual and Middle Market Banking. He served as Manager of the Individual Banking and Branches Division at Banco de A. Edwards from 2000 to 2001 and at Banco Sudamericano from 1996 to 1999. He also served as the Chief Executive Officer of Administradora de Fondos Mutuos Santiago S.A. from 1994 to 1995 and as Branch Manager at Banco Santiago for the Santiago region. Mr. Herrera is a member of the Board of Directors of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., Redbanc S.A. and Socofin S.A., and a member of the Executive Committee of Banchile Corredores de Seguros Limitada and Credichile. He holds a degree in Business from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso.

Patricio Melo was appointed Operations & Technology Division Manager at Banco Chile on July 1, 2008. He was CEO for Altec Brasil SA. from 2006 until June 2008, being the main person responsible for technological management of Banco Santander in Brazil. He was CEO for Altec Chile from 2001 until 2005. From 1992 until 2000 he joined Banco Santander in Chile and Perú as an Operations & Technology Manager. He has also been a member of various Boards of Directors such as that of Redbanc S.A., ALTEC México and ALTEC Chile. Mr. Melo majored in Electronic Engineering at Universidad Federico Santa María.

Jennie E. Coleman A. joined us as Manager of the Human Resources Division in March 2003. Previously, she was the Manager of the Human Resources Division, Manager of Organizational Development, and Training Chief Executive at Banco Santiago, where she worked for more than 23 years. Mrs. Coleman holds a degree in Public Administration from the Universidad de Chile.

Felipe A. Dawes has led the Development and Quality Division since 2009. He joined Banco de Chile in 2009, where he first led the Transformation Office. Prior to working for Banco de Chile, he was a consultant at McKinsey & Company, where he led projects in the Americas, Europe, Asia and Africa. Prior to McKinsey & Company, Mr. Dawes was a founding member of DeRemate.com and a Brand Manager at Compañía Cervecerías Unidas, managing Pepsi and Seven Up Brands. He holds a degree in Business from the University of Chile and a Masters in Business Administration from Harvard Business School.

Eduardo Ebensperger O. has been the Manager of the Wholesale, Large Corporations and Real Estate Division since June 2005, and was previously the Chief Executive Officer of Banchile Factoring S.A. from 2002 to 2005. He joined Banco de A. Edwards in 1989. Mr. Ebensperger was Manager of the Small and Medium-Sized Companies Division and Manager of the regional branches of Banco de A. Edwards from 1997 to 2001. Presently, Mr. Ebensperger is the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Artikos S.A. He is also currently a member of the Board of Directors of Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A., Banchile Factoring S.A. and Banchile Securitizadora S.A. Mr. Ebensperger holds a degree in Business from the Universidad de Chile.

Juan Cooper A. has been the Manager of the consumer division since 2003. He was the Chief Executive Officer of Altavida Santander Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. from 2001 to 2002 and the Manager of Santiago Express, the consumer division of Banco Santiago from 1993 to 2000. He is also currently a member of the Board of Directors of Socofin S.A., and a member of the Executive Committee of Banchile Corredores Seguros Limitada. Mr. Cooper has a degree in Business from the Universidad de Chile and a master’s degree in Business Administration from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

Felipe Echaiz B. has been the Global Compliance Division Manager since January 2008. He joined us this year as a result of the merger with Citibank Chile. Mr. Echaiz worked at Citibank for ten years and was Citigroup’s Country Compliance Officer from 2006 to 2007. In 2003, he was the Deputy Director to the Anti-Money Laundering and Organized Crime Unit (Public Prosecutor’s Office). Mr. Echaiz is a member of the Executive Committee for Anti-Money Laundering of the Chilean Banks Association and holds a degree in Law from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, and a Master’s Degree in Finance and Economics from the Universidad de Chile.

 

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Mario Farren R. has been the head of the Corporate and Investment Banking Division of Banco de Chile since September 1, 2008. Between January and September 2008 he was Head of the Treasury Division. Prior to serving in this position, Mr. Farren was the Country Treasurer for Citi Chile. In addition, Mr. Farren has held other positions in Citi Latin America and Citi New York, such as Country Treasurer and Investment Bank Head in Citi Uruguay, Treasury Products Sales Head in New York and Country Treasurer in Citi Colombia. He joined Citibank Chile in 1991 where he served as Derivative Head and General Manager of Citigroup Chile S.A. Corredores de Bolsa, among other positions. He holds a business degree from Universidad de Chile and a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Chicago, Illinois.

Julio Ramírez G. was appointed head of our Individual Credit Risk Division in January 2008. Mr. Ramírez joined us in 2002 as a result of the merger with Banco de A. Edwards, where he had been since 1990. From 2002 to 2007, Mr. Ramírez was Manager of the Individual Credit Risk Area, which was part of the Credit Risk Division. Mr. Ramírez is a member of the Board of Directors of Socofin S.A. He holds a degree in Business from the Universidad de Chile.

Oscar Mehech C. was appointed head of our Risk Control Division in July 2008 after holding various positions at the Bank, which include being Head of our Regulatory Policies Division, Global Compliance Head and Deputy General Counsel. Prior to joining the Bank in 2002, he was Deputy General Counsel at Banco de A. Edwards. Mr. Mehech is the Chairman of the Internal Audit Committee of the Chilean Banking Association and a member of the Surveillance Committee of Depósito Central de Valores S.A. He holds a law degree from Universidad de Chile and a Master’s degree in Business Administration from the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

COMPENSATION

The table below presents the amount of compensation, as established by our shareholders, to the members of our Board of Directors for the year ended December 31, 2009. These amounts include remuneration for services, fees for attendance at Board meetings, committee meetings and subsidiary Board meetings and consulting and travel expenses.

 

Name of Director

   Remuneration    Fees for
attendance at
board meetings
   Fees for attendance
at committee
meetings and
subsidiary  board
meetings
   Consulting    Total
     (in millions of Ch$)

Pablo Granifo Lavín

   Ch$ 332    Ch$ 39    Ch$ 291    Ch$ —      Ch$ 662

Andrónico Luksic Craig

     140      13      —        —        153

Jorge Awad Mehech

     47      21      63      —        131

Jacob Ergas Ergas

     47      17      53      —        117

Jaime Estévez Valencia

     47      21      67      —        135

Guillermo Luksic Craig

     47      6      —        —        53

Rodrigo Manubens Moltedo

     47      19      55      —        121

Gonzalo Menéndez Duque

     47      19      115      —        181

Francisco Pérez Mackenna

     47      18      55      —        120

Thomas Fürst Freiwirth

     47      19      49      —        115

Juan Andres Fontaine Talavera

     47      19      52      —        118

Fernando Quiroz Robles

     —        —        —        —        —  

Raul Anaya Elizalde

     —        —        —        —        —  

Other subsidiary directors

     —        —        119      —        119
                                  

Total

   Ch$ 895    Ch$ 211    Ch$ 919    Ch$ —      Ch$ 2,025
                                  

 

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Consistent with Chilean law, we do not disclose to our shareholders, or otherwise make public, information regarding the compensation of our senior management. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the aggregate amount of compensation paid to our senior management, including the senior management of our subsidiaries, was Ch$7,823 million. Pursuant to the Chilean Corporations Law, our Directors/Audit Committee must approve compensation plans, but we are not required to have a compensation committee. For the year ended December 31, 2009, no amounts were set aside or accrued by us to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for our directors and officers. None of our directors is a party to any contract with us or any of our subsidiaries that provides for benefits upon termination of their appointment as directors of the Bank.

Indebtedness of Directors and Executive Officers

As disclosed in Note 42(c) to our audited consolidated financial statements, we incurred an aggregate of Ch$463,112 million in expenses and Ch$392,541 million in income from transactions other than loans with related parties in 2009.

As authorized by the General Banking Law, and within applicable regulatory limits, we also hold several outstanding loans owed by different affiliated corporations. All such loans:

 

   

were made in the ordinary course of business;

 

   

were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rate and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons; and

 

   

did not involve more than the normal risk of collectibility or present other unfavorable features.

We held an aggregate of Ch$269,323 million in loans to related parties, including Ch$114,910 million in collateral pledged by, related parties as of December 31, 2009. See Note 42(a) to our audited consolidated financial statements for details concerning these transactions.

For a further description of transactions with related parties, including directors, see Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”

 

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BOARD PRACTICES

Governance Practices

The Board of Directors delegates certain functions and activities to our committees to research, evaluate and report to the Board of Directors regarding specific matters which may affect our businesses.

The Directors/Audit Committee

Prior to March 24, 2005, the Directors Committee and Audit Committee were separate committees performing independent functions for the Board of Directors. On March 24, 2005, the Board of Directors resolved to merge the Directors Committee with the Audit Committee, forming the Directors/Audit Committee. The Directors/Audit Committee’s objectives are to seek the efficiency, maintenance, application and functioning of our internal control systems and compliance with the applicable rules and procedures governing our business; to identify our business risks; to supervise the functions of both the risk control division and the global compliance division, ensuring their independence from management; to serve as the link and coordinator of tasks between the internal audit work and the independent auditors; and to act as a link with our Board of Directors.

Our Directors/Audit Committee is composed of three members appointed by the Board of Directors. The Directors/Audit Committee is currently composed of the following individuals:

 

   

Jorge Awad M. (chair and financial expert);

 

   

Jaime Estevez V.; and

 

   

Raúl Anaya E.

Mr. Awad was appointed as a member of the Directors/Audit Committee by the Board of Directors at the Board meeting held on April 12, 2007. Mr. Estevez was appointed to the Directors/Audit Committee at the meeting of the Board of Directors held on April 12, 2007. Mr. Anaya was appointed to the Directors/Audit Committee at the meeting of the Board of Directors held on November 27, 2009.

Messrs. Awad and Estevez satisfy the independence requirements of both Chilean law and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and are full voting members of our Directors/Audit Committee.

Mr. Raúl Anaya E. is exempt from the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act pursuant to the exemption under Rule 10A-3(b)(1)(iv)(D). Pursuant to that exemption, Mr. Anaya is a non-voting member of our Directors/Audit Committee with respect to all matters required to be addressed by our Directors/Audit Committee under U.S. Federal Securities Laws.

The Directors/Audit Committee usually meets monthly and at least eight times a year. The budget of the Directors/Audit Committee is approved annually at the ordinary shareholders’ meeting. The Directors/Audit Committee satisfies the applicable requirements of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and operates pursuant to a charter document. The Chilean Superintendency of Banks recommends that at least one of the members of the Directors/Audit Committee be experienced with respect to the accounting procedures and financial aspects of banking operations. The Directors/Audit Committee submits a report regarding its activities to our Board of Directors after each Directors/Audit Committee meeting and presents an annual report at our annual shareholder’s meeting. As established in the Directors/Audit Committee’s bylaws, the Chief Executive Officer, the General Legal Counsel and the Risk Control Division Manager, or their respective deputies, shall also attend meetings. The Directors/Audit Committee may also invite other persons to attend meetings.

 

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The Directors/Audit Committee may appoint independent personnel to carry out specific duties. The Committee’s objectives include:

 

   

Seeking efficiency, maintenance, application and functioning of the internal control systems, and compliance with rules and procedures;

 

   

Supervising compliance with the rules and procedures governing the banking business and identifying the business risks of the Bank and its subsidiaries;

 

   

Supervising the functions of the Corporate Credit Risk Division and Individual Credit Risk Division, ensuring their independence from the management;

 

   

Supervising the functions of the Global Compliance Division, serving as a link and coordinator of tasks between the internal audit work and the external auditors, and acting as a link between these and the Bank’s board;

 

   

Examining the fees budget for the external auditors and for the credit-rating agencies;

 

   

Analyzing the reports, content, procedures and scope of the revisions by the external auditors and credit-rating agencies;

 

   

Analyzing and generating information on the annual internal audit program and the results of internal audits and revisions;

 

   

Analyzing the interim and annual financial statements;

 

   

Analyzing the Bank’s financial statements included in Form 20-F, for presentation to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC);

 

   

Gathering information on accounting changes occurring during the year and their effects;

 

   

Reviewing of special cases affecting the internal control systems;

 

   

Analyzing the remuneration systems and compensation plans for managers and senior executives;

 

   

Analyzing the annual performance self-evaluation process carried out by the Bank;

 

   

Analyzing related party transactions, i.e. those referred to in clauses 44 and 89 of Chilean Corporations Law;

 

   

Analyzing policies relating to operational risk and progress in the risk-management process and SOX self-evaluation, in the context of Basel II;

 

   

Analyzing and informing on matters related to the Global Compliance Division, principally regarding the revision of policies for detecting and sanctioning money-laundering transactions; and

 

   

Reviewing customer claims filed with the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and the Customer defense Division of the Chilean Association of Banks and Financial Institutions.

 

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Portfolio Risk Committee

The main function of the Portfolio Committee is to inform the Board of Directors of changes in the composition and risk of our loan portfolio from both a global perspective and from a sector point of view, and also segmented by lines of business. The Committee closely reviews the performance of our principal debtors, overdue loan ratios, past-due loan indicators, write-offs and allowances for loan losses.

The Loan Portfolio Risk Committee prepares proposals for discussion with, and approval by, the Board of Directors with respect to credit policies, portfolio evaluation methods and the calculation of allowances for expected loan losses. The Committee also performs analysis of the adequacy of allowances, authorizes extraordinary charge-offs of loans once recovery attempts have been exhausted and controls the liquidation of assets acquired in lieu of payment.

This committee meets on a monthly basis and is composed of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, one additional director, the Corporate Credit Risk Division Manager, the Individual Credit Risk Division Manager and the Risk Control Division Manager.

Credit Committees

Our governance structure relating to the evaluation process of commercial loans is based on the segments and risks involved. Each credit decision should be made with the participation of committee members with sufficient authority over a particular type of loan.

A member of the Corporate Credit Risk Division is required to approve most credit decisions greater than UF 6,000. Such decisions are made by different loan committees, the highest of which, in terms of hierarchy, is the Board Loan Committee, composed of the Chief Executive Officer, the Manager of the Corporate Credit Risk Division and at least three members of the Board of Directors, all of whom review all operations exceeding UF 750,000 on a weekly basis. Any member of the Board of Directors may participate in the Board Loan Committee.

The Corporate Credit Risk Division participates in each committee independently and autonomously from our business areas.

For retail banking, we have loan committees that in exceptional cases review individual customers when they do not meet our customer profile policies, payment behavior requirements or maximum financing amounts.

Finance, International and Market Risk Committee

The main function of the Finance, International and Market Risk Committee is to analyze the evolution of our financial positions and the market risks (price and liquidity) that these financial positions generated in the past and the ones it currently generates, particularly the control of risks related to internal and regulatory limits and/or warnings. The Committee also analyzes international financial exposure and major credit exposures generated by derivative transactions.

The Committee meets monthly and is composed of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, four Directors, our Chief Executive Officer, the Corporate Credit Risk Division Manager, the Corporate and Investment Banking Division Manager, the Chief Financial Officer, the Corporate Treasurer and the Financial Risk Area Manager. Committee members conduct analyses and make presentations to the Committee regarding certain matters, including:

 

   

Knowledge of the current status of market risk, which permits forecasting potential future losses;

 

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Review of estimated results of certain financial positions generated in isolation in order to measure the risk-return ratio of the treasury businesses, as well as changes in and forecasts of the use of capital based on best estimates of future credit and market risks;

 

   

Analysis of the liabilities of the international financial exposure and major credit exposures generated by derivative transactions; and

 

   

The design of policies and procedures for setting controlling and reporting financial position limits and warnings.

Asset Laundering Prevention Committee

The Asset Laundering and Financing of Terrorism Prevention Committee was set up in April 2006 with the purpose of defining the policies and procedures that would comprise the Asset Laundering and Financing of Terrorism Prevention System, as well as evaluating compliance and deciding on all matters related to these subjects.

This committee includes the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the General Legal Counsel, the Operations and Technology Division Manager and the Chief Executive Officer of Banchile Administradora General de Fondos. The Risk Control Division Manager and the managers of the Global Compliance Division and Asset Laundering Prevention Area may also attend the meetings, with the right to speak.

The Committee meets monthly and has the following functions:

 

   

To approve the policies and procedures concerning the gathering of information on customers and their activities and the acceptance and monitoring of their accounts, products and operations;

 

   

To approve policies and procedures concerning unusual transaction detection systems; formal channels of information to senior levels; and monitoring, analysis and reporting mechanisms;

 

   

To approve policies and procedures concerning surveillance methods and relations with correspondent banks;

 

   

To approve policies and procedures concerning staff selection, training programs and codes of conduct;

 

   

To approve the policies and procedures concerning asset laundering and terrorism financing prevention;

 

   

To appoint persons to perform specific functions in accordance with current regulations on the prevention of asset laundering and terrorism financing;

 

   

To analyze the results of the reviews conducted to verify compliance with current policies and procedures;

 

   

To consider the transactions analyzed and decisions made by the Transactions Analysis Committee;

 

   

To consider activities developed to train staff in asset laundering and terrorism financing prevention;

 

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To consider and approve modifications to procedures proposed by the Global Compliance Division that improve existing controls for the prevention of asset laundering and terrorism financing; and

 

   

To inform the Board of regulatory changes related to the prevention of asset laundering and financing of terrorism.

Disclosure Committee

In May 2003, we established the Disclosure Committee to ensure accurate market disclosure of consolidated financial information of the Bank and its subsidiaries. The members of the Disclosure Committee include the Chief Accountant, the Senior Lawyer for International Matters, the Research and Planning Area Manager, together with the Institutional and Investor Relations Division Manager, the Chief Financial Officer and the Risk Control Division Manager.

The members of the Disclosure Committee are involved in reviewing quarterly reports and in general all financial information disclosed by the Bank prior to its disclosure.

Ethics Committee

The Ethics Committee was formed in 2005 to define, promote and regulate behavior of professional and personal excellence by all the staff of Banco de Chile, coherent with the company’s philosophy and values, in order to meet the expectations of trust granted by our customers.

To meet these objectives and promote a culture of ethical behavior, the Committee arranges activities regarding regulation, training and communications. The Committee sets policies on ethics and ensures their compliance, develops training plans related to ethics in our business, and reinforces positive behavior among our staff. The Committee also acts as a forum for resolving the various situations where there is a conflict between certain types of conduct and the values promoted by the Bank. This committee is chaired by the Manager of the Human Resources Division and includes the General Legal Counsel and the following Managers: Risk Control, Global Compliance, Commercial, Operations and Technology, and Wholesale, Large Corporations and Real Estate.

Citigroup and Banco de Chile Cooperation Agreements Committees

In order to control and review the evolution of the joint initiatives resulting from our strategic association between Banco de Chile and Citigroup, four committees have been set up to ensure the operation of the Direction Committee referred to in the Cooperation Agreement and in the Global Connectivity Agreement between both parties. The Direction Committee and its four related committees are composed of the Chairman of the Bank, the Chief Executive Officer and two members of the Board representing Citigroup. Also taking part in these meetings are division managers for each particular business line and the managers of the areas directly responsible for the respective business.

Global Transaction Services Committee (GTS)

The Global Transaction Services Committee was set up with the purpose of monitoring the overall performance of the Transactional Services Areas according to the Global Connectivity and Cooperation Agreements and, in particular, the functioning of the local and international cash management and custody for foreign investors.

International Personal Banking Committee (IPB)

The main goal of the International Personal Banking Committee is to monitor the functioning of the Global Connectivity and Cooperation Agreements in relation to the services provided by Banco de Chile to Citibank with respect to its financial products and services offered abroad to residents of Chile. This committee seeks to strengthen Citibank’s commercial activities with individuals that are not residents of the United States.

 

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Investment Banking Committee

The objective of the Investment Banking Committee is to foster the development of cross border merger and acquisition transactions, debt issuances and acquisitions, and capital markets for the Bank’s customers and customers of Citigroup doing business in Chile. This committee is responsible for monitoring the execution of transactions performed under the Global Connectivity Agreement and collaborating in the exploration of investment banking business opportunities, as well as ensuring compliance of the agreements related to these matters.

Financial Control Committee of the Cooperation Agreement

The most important purpose of the this committee is to monitor in detail the operative and financial performance of the Global Connectivity and Cooperation Agreements signed with Citigroup. This committee checks that solutions are reached for all administrative and operative matters that permit the joint business to be carried out effectively, efficiently and profitably by both parties, ensuring compliance with the above-mentioned agreements in the matters indicated above.

Approval of Policies and Procedures under the Merger Agreement

The Merger Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile provided that as a general rule the Board of Directors of Banco de Chile would approve and implement certain policies relating to the operation of the Bank. At the time of filing of this annual report, policies regarding the following issues have been approved and implemented:

 

   

Anti-Money Laundering;

 

   

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

 

   

Office of Foreign Assets Control;

 

   

Insider Trading;

 

   

Regulation K – Debts Previously Contracted;

 

   

Regulation K – Equity Activity;

 

   

Regulation W (23 A/B);

 

   

Code of Conduct;

 

   

Fair Lending;

 

   

Personal Trading Policy;

 

   

Loans to Directors;

 

   

Independent Research;

 

   

Charitable Contributions;

 

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Chinese Walls;

 

   

Anti-Tying;

 

   

Mandatory Absence Policy;

 

   

Compliance Policy/Program;

 

   

Administration of Subsidiaries;

 

   

Fraud Management;

 

   

Anti-Boycott;

 

   

Issue Tracking, Management and Escalation Process;

 

   

Operational Risk

 

   

Credit Risk;

 

   

Vendor Selection and Management Process;

 

   

Web Site Standards;

 

   

Capital Expenditure Policy;

 

   

Expense Management Policy;

 

   

Accounting Policies and Procedures;

 

   

New Products and Services Policy;

 

   

Tax Standards for Tax Sensitive Transactions; and

 

   

Tax Policy and Procedures;

In addition to the policies mentioned above, Banco de Chile is in the process of supplementing other policies currently in force at Banco de Chile to regulate issues of importance for our business, such as prevention of asset-laundering, credit risk, and market risk.

Upper Management Committee

The Upper Management Committee, the highest coordinating body of our upper management, is chaired by the Chief Executive Officer, and its principal function is to discuss main strategic guidelines and to analyze the market and the banking industry.

This committee resolves issues relating to our internal policies and analyzes our performance. In this committee, numerous divisions exchange their points of view and prioritize joint initiatives. Each year, this committee outlines the foundations for our annual plan. After the individual annual plan for each business area is agreed upon by the Chief Executive Officer and each division manager, under the coordination of the Chief Financial Officer, the overall plan is submitted to the Board of Directors for approval. This committee also reviews progress and budgets for approved plans on a monthly basis.

 

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Operational Risk Executive Committee

Created in 2009, the Operational Risk Executive Committee is commissioned with identifying, prioritizing and establishing strategies to mitigate key operating risk events relating to internal and external fraud; risks associated with customer, product and business practices; damage to tangible assets; and disturbance of normal activity resulting from system malfunctions or failures in executing, delivering and processing products/services. This committee also establishes the principal guidelines aimed at decreasing operational losses.

To comply with these objectives and foster an awareness of operating risk, this committee promotes a series of activities relating to rules, training and communications. Its principal challenge consists of defining our corporate strategy for managing operational risk, establishing guidelines and directing efforts to create controls and improve internal processes. This committee also evaluates the performance and effectiveness of action plans created to mitigate operational risk.

This committee is chaired by the Chief Executive Officer and includes the Chief Financial Officer, the Head of Security and Risk Prevention and the managers of the Risk Control Division, Operations and Technology Division, and the Operational Risk Area.

Internal Communications Committee

The Internal Communications Committee defines policies and designs our action plan to ensure that the appropriate information reaches all of our associates. This committee ensures that information sent to employees is adequate to allow them to correctly perform their functions, communicates the organization’s fundamental strategies and policies and its performance, promotes collaboration and team work, fosters personal development, encourages first-rate performance and cultivates a pleasant work environment. The Internal Communications Committee is presided over by the Manager of the Human Resources Division, the Chief Financial Officer and comprises the Managers from the following divisions:

 

   

Operations and Technology;

 

   

Institutional and Investor Relations;

 

   

Commercial;

 

   

Corporate and Investment Banking;

 

   

Wholesale, Large Corporation and Real Estate;

 

   

Consumer; and

 

   

Development and Quality.

 

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EMPLOYEES

The following table shows the breakdown of our full-time, permanent employees at the dates indicated:

 

     As of December 31,
     2007    2008    2009

Banco de Chile

   8,641    10,814    10,278

Overseas branches and representative offices

   95    6    6

Subsidiaries

   3,231    3,760    3,737
              

Total

   11,967    14,580    14,021
              

As of December 31, 2009, we had 14,021 employees (on a consolidated basis) of which approximately 7,430, or 53%, were unionized. All management positions are held by non-unionized employees. As of June 15, 2010, we were a party to five collective bargaining agreements covering our unionized employees. Four of the collective bargaining agreements were signed in May 2008 and will expire in April 2012. The remaining collective bargaining agreement was renegotiated during 2009, leading to a two-year accord among the Bank and approximately 1,900 employees. We have not experienced a strike since 1998 and consider relations with our employees to be satisfactory.

We have a comprehensive personnel training and development program that includes internal courses on operational, technical and commercial matters as well as participation in external seminars. In 2009, the total cost of training programs was approximately 0.6% of total personnel salaries and expenses. This cost was related to 908 training courses, attended by 47,064 people. According to our human resources division, in early 2009, 9,980 out of 10,284 employees of Banco de Chile attended at least one training course, which represents 97% of the Bank’s total personnel. We do not maintain any pension or retirement programs for the vast majority of our employees. We do, however, pay certain long-serving key employees a severance payment upon retirement. Although we have, in the past, provided productivity bonuses to individual employees on a discretionary basis, we do not maintain a formal profit-sharing plan.

SHARE OWNERSHIP

Mr. Andronico Luksic and Mr. Guillermo Luksic, members of our Board of Directors since March 2002 and March 2001, respectively, together with members of their family, control Quiñenco S.A. As of June 15, 2010, Quiñenco S.A. owns 32.74% of our outstanding shares (directly and indirectly through LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A.). Additionally, Quiñenco S.A. holds 61.71% of the voting rights in Banco de Chile (directly and indirectly through shares of SM-Chile S.A. that are owned by LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. and Inversiones LQ-SM S.A.)

In connection with the Framework Agreement executed between Citigroup and Quiñenco S.A. in July 2007 and following the merger of Citibank Chile into Banco de Chile, Citigroup became a shareholder of LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. (“LQIF”), the parent corporation of SM-Chile S.A. As of June 15, 2010, Citigroup indirectly owns 50% of LQIF and Quiñenco directly and indirectly owns 50% of LQIF. Regardless of any increase in participation by Citigroup in accordance with the Framework Agreement (as amended), the Framework Agreement and the Shareholders’ Agreement mentioned below under “Related Party Transactions” provide that Quiñenco will remain in control of LQIF and the corporations that are directly or indirectly controlled by LQIF. Accordingly, Quiñenco will maintain the power to elect the majority of the directors of LQIF, SM-Chile and Banco de Chile.

Mr. Jacob Ergas, a member of our Board of Directors since January 1, 2002, controls Ever I Bae S.A., Ever Chile S.A. and Inversiones Aspen Limitada. As of June 15, 2010, these holding companies own 2.16%, 2.16% and 1.49% of our outstanding shares, respectively. Mr. Ergas holds 5.82% of the voting rights in Banco de Chile through these holding companies.

 

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None of our Directors or senior management (other than Mr. Andronico Luksic, Mr. Guillermo Luksic and Mr. Jacob Ergas) owns 1% or more of our outstanding common stock. Further, none of our Directors (including Mr. Andronico Luksic, Mr. Guillermo Luksic and Mr. Jacob Ergas) or senior management has different or preferential voting rights with respect to the shares they own.

We do not have any arrangements for involving employees in our capital, including any arrangements that involve the issue or grant of options of our shares or securities.

 

Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the ownership of outstanding shares as of June 15, 2010, for the following:

 

   

each person or entity who is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our outstanding share capital or voting power; and

 

   

our Directors and members of our executive management group, as a group.

All of our shares have the same voting rights. As of June 15, 2010, there were 15 registered shareholders of our ADSs in the United States and 1,471,878 of our ADSs were outstanding and there was one registered shareholder of 57,621 of our shares (not represented by ADSs) with a registered address in the United States.

 

Name

   Amount Owned    Percentage(1)  

LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. and Inversiones LQ - SM Limitada(2)

   50,942,487,544    61.71

Jacob Ergas(3)

   4,802,102,236    5.82   

Directors and executive officers as a group (28 persons)

   19,767,347    0.02

 

(1) Percentages are based on 82,551,699,423 common shares outstanding as of June 15, 2010. This number includes 73,834,890,472 ordinary shares and 8,716,808,951 ordinary shares of the series “Banco de Chile-S,” which resulted from the merger of Citibank Chile with and into the Bank.
(2) LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A. (“LQIF”) holds these shares directly and indirectly through SM-Chile S.A. In connection with the Framework Agreement executed between Citigroup and Quiñenco S.A. in July 2007 and following the merger of Citibank Chile into Banco de Chile, Citigroup became a shareholder of LQIF. As of June 15, 2010, Citigroup indirectly owns 50% of LQIF and Quiñenco directly and indirectly owns 50% of LQIF. Regardless of any increase in participation by Citigroup, the Framework Agreement provides that Quiñenco will remain in control of LQIF and the corporations that are directly or indirectly controlled by LQIF. Accordingly, Quiñenco will maintain the power to elect the majority of the directors of LQIF, SM-Chile and Banco de Chile. As of December 31, 2009, members of the Luksic family or their affiliates beneficially owned 83.1% of the common shares of Quiñenco S.A. Mr. Andronico Luksic and Mr. Guillermo Luksic are members of our Board of Directors.
(3) Mr. Jacob Ergas, a member of our Board of Directors, holds his shares through Ever I Bae S.A., Ever Chile S.A. and Inversiones Aspen Ltda., which are holding companies under his control.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In the ordinary course of our business, we engage in a variety of transactions with certain of our affiliates and related parties. Financial information concerning these transactions is set forth in Note 42 to our audited consolidated financial statements. The Chilean Corporations Law was amended in October 2009, by Law No. 20,382, which also introduced changes to several others laws in order to generally improve Chilean corporate governance. As part of these changes, the concept of related party transactions that is provided in the Chilean Corporations Law was amended. In this regard, the new regulation establishes a different treatment for closely held corporations and for publicly held corporations. The one applicable to closely held corporations suffered minor changes, while the regulation applicable to publicly held corporations, such as Banco de Chile, has been amended to a greater extent as briefly explained below.

 

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In accordance with the Chilean Corporations Law, related party transactions in publicly held corporations are defined as every negotiation, act, contract or operation in which the corporation deals with any of the following persons: (i) one or more persons related to the corporation, in accordance with the Chilean Securities Law No. 18,045; (ii) a director, manager, administrator, main executive or liquidator of the corporation, acting on its own behalf or on behalf of persons from outside the corporation, or their respective husband or wife or related persons until second grade of affinity by blood or relation; (iii) companies or corporations in which the persons mentioned in the previous item are owners, directly or through other natural persons or corporations, of 10% or more of its capital, directors, managers, administrators or main executives; (iv) those established in the by-laws of the corporation or those reasonably agreed by the directors’ committee; (v) persons who acted as a director, manager, administrator, main executive or liquidator of the corporation, within eighteen months of the relevant transaction.

A publicly held corporation may only enter into transactions with related parties if (i) the purpose of the transaction is to contribute to the corporate interest, (ii) the transaction is adjusted to reflect prevailing market prices, terms, and conditions, and (iii) the transaction complies with the requirements and procedures specified in the Chilean Corporations Law, which requires that the Board of Directors approve the relevant transaction based upon the criteria mentioned in items (i) and (ii) of this paragraph. In order for the Board of Directors to approve any such transactions, the related party involved in the transaction or in its negotiation must give prior notice to the Board of Directors.

The violation of these provisions shall not affect the transaction’s validity, but it shall grant the corporation, the shareholders or third parties, an indemnification right to claim damages for the benefit of the corporation. The amount of damages claimed shall be equal to the sum of the benefits obtained by the related party as a result of the relevant transaction. All board resolutions approving such related party transactions must be reported to the company’s shareholders at the following annual shareholders’ meeting. Violations of this provision may result in administrative or criminal sanctions and civil liability to shareholders or third parties who suffer losses as a result of such violation.

The following transactions with related parties may be executed without complying with the requirements previously mentioned, subject to the prior approval of the Board of Directors of the Bank: (i) transactions that are not considered of a material amount. For these purposes, an act or contract is deemed material if (1) it exceeds 1% of the company’s paid-in capital and reserves, and it also exceeds UF 2,000 or (2) it exceeds UF 20,000. There is a presumption that all contracts celebrated within a period of twelve months constitute one single transaction, irrespective of whether they are executed in one or more separate transactions during such period of time; (ii) transactions that according to a general policy of customary transactions adopted by the Board of Directors of the corporation are considered customary in connection with the corporate purpose of the corporation; (iii) transactions among corporations in which the corporation owns, directly or indirectly, at least 95% of the stake of the counterparty.

In connection with number (ii) above, on December 29, 2009, the Board of Directors of the Bank agreed to establish the following general policy which permits to carry out certain transactions with related parties without the requirements and procedures set forth in the Chilean Corporations Law. Among others, the general policy adopted by the Board of Directors of the Bank includes transactions that are within the Bank’s line of business, such as current accounts, deposits, loans or credit lines with or without collateral, factoring, sale and transfer of commercial papers, collections, payments and funds transfers, foreign exchange transactions, and letters of credits. This general policy has also been extended to our affiliates.

We believe that we have complied with the applicable requirements of the Chilean Corporations Law in all transactions with related parties and affirm that we will continue to comply with such requirements. See Note 42 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a more detailed accounting of transactions with related parties.

 

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On July 19, 2007, Quiñenco S.A., Citigroup and Citibank Overseas Investment Corporation entered into a Master Joint Venture Agreement (the “Framework Agreement”) that set forth the parameters of a partnership between Quiñenco and Citigroup, including the eventual merger of Citibank Chile into Banco de Chile. The Framework Agreement provided that Citigroup would initially acquire a 32.96% equity interest in LQIF, the controlling shareholder of Banco de Chile, and would be entitled to increase its stake in LQIF to either 41.4778% or 50% through the exercise of several options. In this regard, Citigroup could also increase its stake in LQIF to 50% if Quiñenco exercised its put option under the Framework Agreement. The acquisition by Citigroup of its initial interest in LQIF occurred, with effect on January 1, 2008, under the terms of the Framework Agreement and the corresponding Merger Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile. For purposes of the Merger Agreement, the operations and businesses of Citibank Chile that were effectively contributed to Banco de Chile were deemed to represent 10.497% of the post-merger entity and, together with other assets and businesses contributed by Citigroup to LQIF, were the basis for issuance by LQIF to Citigroup of the 32.96% equity interest in LQIF. As consideration for the merger and as a result of the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held on December 27, 2007, we issued and conveyed to LQIF (and indirectly, the holders of Citibank Chile shares) 8,443,861,140 no-par value Banco de Chile S-Series shares.

Under the Framework Agreement, Quiñenco remains as the controlling shareholder of LQIF and therefore of Banco de Chile, while Citigroup is granted certain governance and other shareholder rights in LQIF. With respect to the governance of Banco de Chile, Citigroup has the right to name two directors to the eleven-member Board of Directors of Banco de Chile, while Quiñenco would maintain the right to appoint a majority of our Board of Directors. Citigroup also has the power to propose the appointment of certain officers of Banco de Chile (including the Chief Financial Officer) and at least one representative on each of our directors’ committees. Under this agreement, Citigroup was also granted certain veto rights over certain “fundamental strategic decisions” (as defined in the Framework Agreement), such as the delisting of Banco de Chile’s shares from the New York Stock Exchange or the Chilean stock exchanges, entry into new lines of business or large acquisitions, approval of related party transactions and changes to our bylaws or organizational documents. Furthermore, Citigroup agreed to purchase substantially all of the assets of the North American (i.e., Miami and New York) branches of Banco de Chile for U.S.$130 million. In the event that Citigroup were to beneficially own 50% of LQIF, Citigroup would become entitled to name up to five of our 11 directors (such number to be reduced by the number of directors appointed by minority shareholders, provided that Citigroup always shall have the right to appoint at least one director), including the Vice-Chairman of our Board of Directors. However, even in this circumstance, Quiñenco would still be entitled to appoint a majority of our Board of Directors. The Framework Agreement also set forth a series of ancillary agreements proposed to be entered into by the parties to the Framework Agreement and their Affiliates.

On December 19, 2008, Quiñenco S.A., Citigroup and Citibank Overseas Investment Corporation amended the Framework Agreement, and through it the Shareholders’ Agreement mentioned below. The Amendment to the Framework Agreement provides that if Citigroup does not acquire 8.52% of LQIF’s shares (such that Citigroup holds a 41.4778% in LQIF) as provided in the Amendment as a consequence of the actions and decisions of any relevant authority in the United States, Quiñenco shall have the right to a compensation as provided in the Amendment, and Citigroup shall have the option of acquiring either a 41.4778% or a 50% share of LQIF. Furthermore, the Amendment provides that if for any reason Citigroup does not exercise any of the call options mentioned in the previous sentence, Quiñenco or its affiliates, as applicable, shall be entitled to require Citigroup that it sell to them an amount of shares of LQIF such that, after such sale, Quiñenco or its affiliates shall own an 80.1% stake in LQIF. If this occurs, Citigroup’s governance and other shareholder rights mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be those provided in Clause Six of the Shareholders’ Agreement referred to below.

On December 27, 2007, Quiñenco S.A., Citigroup Chile S.A. and the minority shareholders of LQIF entered into a Shareholders’ Agreement that formalized the rights of Citigroup with respect to the governance of Banco de Chile as set forth in the Framework Agreement (and as discussed in the preceding paragraph). The Shareholders Agreement became effective on January 1, 2008.

 

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On December 27, 2007, we entered into a Global Connectivity Agreement with Citigroup. The purpose of this agreement is to enable Banco de Chile and its clients to become part of Citigroup’s Global Network and to provide a framework for Banco de Chile and Citigroup to direct new business to the partnership in order to generate wealth creation for both institutions. The agreement sets forth the terms upon which Banco de Chile, Citigroup and their affiliates will develop a relationship with respect to cross-border business and services being applied to Corporate and Investment Banking, International Personal Banking, Global Transactions Services, and other services and products. The parties agreed on the following principles with respect to implementing the terms of the agreement: (i) the promotion of global connectivity products among Chilean customers, (ii) the setup of a technology platform, (iii) the training of bank officers, and (iv) the construction of international support networks to carry out the transactions contemplated by the agreement. On February 27, 2009, Banco de Chile and Citigroup amended the Global Connectivity Agreement. The purpose of the amendment was to clarify and supplement the terms of the original agreement with respect to the banking services to be provided in Chile and abroad.

On December 27, 2007, we also entered into a Trademark License Agreement with Citigroup in which Citigroup granted us a non-exclusive paid-up and royalty-free license to use certain Citi trademarks in Chilean territory. In addition, Citigroup granted us a license to use its domain name solely in connection with marketing and promoting authorized services in Chilean territory. On February 27, 2009 Banco de Chile and Citigroup amended the Trademark License Agreement. The amendment provides that Banco de Chile must deliver a certificate at least once a year that confirms Banco de Chile’s compliance with the standards set forth in the agreement. In addition, Banco de Chile must comply with certain additional quality control standards approved periodically by Citigroup relating to certain products, and Citigroup has the right to review and inspect all materials relating to the offer and sale of certain products.

On December 27, 2007, we entered into a Cooperation Agreement with Citigroup The purpose of this agreement is to provide a framework for regulating the interplay of issues created by the above-mentioned Citibank Chile merger transaction agreements and to facilitate a successful relationship between Banco de Chile and Citigroup. In particular, this agreement establishes a communication mechanism between the parties to enhance the exchange of ideas and information related to the integration of our business with that of Citigroup in Chile and it also provides for certain specific areas of collaboration going forward (such as with respect to our hedging and derivatives strategies). On February 27, 2009, Banco de Chile and Citigroup amended the Cooperation Agreement to require the companies to define a more formal process for sharing information about regulatory changes in the United States and Chile that may have an impact on Banco de Chile.

On December 31, 2007, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Citibank, N.A., whereby we sold substantially all of the assets and operations of our banking businesses in Miami and New York to Citibank and Citibank agreed to offer employment to substantially all of the employees and to assume substantially all of the liabilities related to such assets and operations. In consideration for this sale, we were paid an aggregate purchase price of U.S.$130 million, in addition to the assumption of liabilities. Following the completion of the sale, the Miami and New York branches were placed in voluntary liquidation in January 2008. In March 2008, the banking licenses for both branches were surrendered to the appropriate banking regulator.

On April 21, 2008, Banco de Chile and Empresa Periodística La Tercera agreed to enter into a Credit Card Co-Branding Agreement for an annual amount of U.S.$475,000 and with a term of five years. The purpose of this agreement is to promote the use of credit cards issued by Banco de Chile among its clients who are also subscribers of La Tercera newspaper. This association will grant benefits and discounts to the subscribers of Diario La Tercera who have credit cards issued by Banco de Chile or pay with them.

On December 23, 2008, Banco de Chile and Compañía Nacional de Teléfonos, Telefónica del Sur S.A. (“Telsur”) agreed to enter into a Trade Agreement in order to optimize the placement and use of credit cards issued by the Bank. This commercial alliance seeks to implement a system linked to credit cards issued by the Bank and will provide discounts, benefits and incentives to be given to clients of both the Bank and Telsur.

 

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On December 30, 2008 we entered into an agreement with Banchile Seguros de Vida S.A., an affiliated insurance brokerage company, setting forth the specific terms of the life insurance policies associated with customer loans contracted by us for its borrower portfolio on behalf of the borrowers. The conditions of this agreement are an integral part of all the life insurance policies that we offer our borrowers. The agreement can be automatically renewed for two additional one-year periods through December 31, 2011.

On September 1, 2009, Banco de Chile and Jorge Ergas Heyman entered into an agreement for consulting services to the Board of Directors of Banco de Chile for an annual amount of U.S.$245,000 and with an indefinite term.

On September 25, 2009, we entered into a Master Services Agreement with Citigroup. This agreement has the purpose of regulating and supplementing certain reciprocal services that, before the merger between the Bank and Citibank Chile, had been provided pursuant to the terms of certain service-level agreements then in effect between Citigroup (and certain of its affiliates) and Citibank Chile, which were assumed, after the merger, by Banco de Chile as legal successor to Citibank Chile. Furthermore, this Agreement seeks to foster global connectivity with respect to the banking and financial services referred to in the Global Connectivity Agreement and in the other agreements executed with Citigroup mentioned above.

All the terms and conditions contained in the agreements mentioned above were previously reviewed and approved by our Board of Directors.

On January 29, 2010 Citigroup exercised a call option for 8.52% of LQIF’s shares and on March 15, 2010, Citigroup exercised another call option for 8.52% of LQIF’s shares. Consequently, since April 30, 2010 Citigroup and Citigroup Overseas Investment Corporation indirectly own 50% of LQIF. Citigroup is entitled to name up to five of our eleven directors (such number to be reduced by the number of directors appointed by minority shareholders, provided that Citigroup shall always have the right to appoint at least one director), including the Vice-Chairman of our Board of Directors. However, even in this circumstance, Quiñenco would still be entitled to appoint a majority of the members of our Board of Directors.

Loans to Related Parties

As authorized by the Chilean General Banking Law, and within the regulatory limits, we hold several outstanding loans owed by different corporations related to us. All such loans (i) were made in the ordinary course of business, (ii) were made on terms, including interest rates and collateral, substantially the same as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons, and (iii) did not involve more than the normal risk of collectibility or present other unfavorable features. See Note 42(a) to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 8. Financial Information

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Audited Consolidated Financial Statements

Please refer to “Item 18. Financial Statements.”

 

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Legal Proceedings

We and our subsidiaries are subject to claims and are parties to legal proceedings in the normal course of business.

In September 2004, the Federal Agencies of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta reviewed our New York and Miami branches respectively, in order to evaluate, among other matters, their compliance with the requirements of the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act and other U.S. regulations pertaining to the prevention of money laundering. On February 1, 2005, as a consequence of these reviews, we agreed with the OCC to the issuance of a Consent Order and with the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta to the issuance of a Cease and Desist Order. To comply with these orders, an action plan was developed to include the development and maintenance of programs designed to strengthen compliance with the aforementioned regulations.

On March 12, 2008, the OCC Consent Order was terminated as a consequence of the voluntary liquidation of our New York branch. Likewise, on June 12, 2008, the Cease and Desist Order issued by the Federal Reserve Bank in Atlanta was terminated as a consequence of the voluntary liquidation of our Miami branch.

On March 11, 2009, the Consejo de Defensa del Estado de la República de Chile filed a complaint against Banco de Chile in the United States District Court of the Southern District of Florida. The complaint alleges substantive civil violations of the Racketeer Influenced & Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”), RICO conspiracy, aiding and abetting RICO violations, and aiding and abetting a breach of fiduciary duty. The complaint sought redress for funds allegedly misappropriated from the Chilean Government by the former President of Chile, Augusto Pinochet, and alleged that Banco de Chile had participated in conduct related to a money laundering scheme. Damages being sought were $22 million, which amount was subject to trebling pursuant to RICO.

On October 16, 2009 the Consejo de Defensa del Estado de la República de Chile and Banco de Chile executed a settlement in which the Chilean Government unconditionally and irrevocably abandoned the above-mentioned complaint. In accordance with the terms of the settlement, the Chilean Government abandoned all actions in Chile or abroad, of any nature, which it had or may have had against Banco de Chile, its branches, agencies, affiliates, subsidiaries, related persons and companies and Citibank N.A. Chile Branch, and their respective agents, directors, personnel, employees, contractors, irrespective of the date in which they may have worked or acted on behalf of the mentioned entities. The settlement included the actions that were subject to reservation of rights, in the case against Augusto Pinochet and other persons, before the Special Jurisdiction Judge of the Santiago Court of Appeals.

According to the aforementioned settlement, Banco de Chile paid U.S.$2,250,000 to the Government of Chile. Additionally, Banco de Chile had to pay the respective tax that applied over such sum.

Request from Spanish Court to Chilean Judicial Authorities

On October 26, 2009, the Central Court of Instruction Number 5 of the National Court of Spain (Juzgado Central de Instrucción No. 5 de la Audiencia Nacional de Madrid) in Madrid, Spain (the “Spanish Court”), issued a letter rogatory to the Chilean judicial authorities notifying them that a lawsuit pending before the Spanish Court had been amended to add causes of action concerning concealment of assets and money laundering against Mr. Pablo Granifo Lavin (President of Banco de Chile), Mr. Hernán Donoso Lira (former Manager of the New York Branch of Banco de Chile) and against Banco de Chile, Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. and Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., the latter three of which bear subsidiary civil liability. The letter rogatory, among other procedures, also required a joint guarantee (fianza solidaria) from those charged in the amount of US$77,348,374 and allowed for the attachment of assets for up to US$103,131,165, should the criminal defendants or the subsidiaries bearing civil liability not grant the mentioned joint guarantee.

On April 29, 2010, the Supreme Court of Chile did not grant the requests contained in the letter rogatory given that the subject matter of the investigation by the Spanish Court is currently pending before a Chilean tribunal that has jurisdiction and competence over these matters. This judicial investigation is currently underway in Chile and at the time of filing of this annual report no grounded presumptions of criminal participation of people affiliated with Banco de Chile have been established.

 

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It is not possible to predict the outcome of these proceedings, or what impact, if any, they might have on the Bank.

Dividends

We currently have two series of common shares, and the dividends on our shares are proposed by our Board of Directors and are approved by our shareholders at the annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting following the year with respect to which the dividends are proposed. Our annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting is held in the first three months of each year. Following shareholder approval, the dividends are declared and paid. Dividends are paid to shareholders of record on the fifth business day preceding the date set for payment of the dividend. The applicable record dates for the payment of dividends to holders of our ADSs are, to the extent practicable, the same. Under the Chilean Corporations Law and regulations issued thereunder, Chilean public corporations are generally required to distribute at least 30% of their earnings as dividends. Previously, a bank was permitted to distribute less than such minimum amount in any given year with approval of the holders of at least two-thirds of the bank’s outstanding stock. In 2006, however, this possibility was eliminated by law. Under the General Banking Law, a Chilean bank may only pay a single dividend per year (i.e., interim dividends are not permitted).

Our dividend policy is affected to some extent by the rights of SAOS, our affiliate, pursuant to its assumption of the Central Bank indebtedness discussed in “Item 4. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Bank—History—The 1982-1983 Economic Crisis and the Central Bank Subordinated Debt.”

We currently have two series of capital shares: Banco de Chile common shares and Banco de Chile S-series shares. We have a total of 82,551,699,423 outstanding shares with no par value, consisting of 73,834,890,472 ordinary shares and 8,716,808,951 ordinary shares of the series “Banco de Chile-S,” which resulted from the merger with Citibank Chile. All of our shares are duly subscribed and paid.

In March 2007, we paid a nominal dividend of Ch$1.9796 per share. At the Ordinary Shareholders Meeting on March 27, 2008, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 196, in the amount of Ch$3.359690 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2007 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$2.626161 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series. In March 2009, we paid a nominal dividend of Ch$2.357790 per share. At the Ordinary Shareholders Meeting held on March 26, 2009, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 197, in the amount of Ch$2.357790 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2008 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$2.357790 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series.

At the Ordinary Shareholders Meeting held on March 25, 2010, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 198, in the amount of Ch$3.496813 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2009 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$3.496813 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series.

During an Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting on December 27, 2007, our shareholders approved, among other things, (i) the merger with Citibank Chile and (ii) a capital increase in the amount of Ch$297,324,899,039, which was contributed and paid for as consideration for the acquisition of all of the assets and liabilities of Citibank Chile. It was further agreed that the Bank would issue 8,443,861,140 registered, ordinary no-par “Banco de Chile-S” series shares, which were to be delivered to the shareholders of Citibank Chile, in the proportion of 8,443.86114 shares of Banco de Chile-S for each Citibank Chile share. For a more detailed description of this Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting, see “Item 10. Additional Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association—Shareholders’ Meetings and Voting Rights.”

 

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Dividends payable to holders of our ADSs are net of conversion expenses of the depositary and are subject to Chilean withholding tax currently at the rate of 35%, subject to certain credits. Owners of our ADSs are not charged any fees with respect to cash or stock dividends.

Pursuant to current Chilean foreign exchange regulations, a shareholder who is not a resident of Chile need not register as a foreign investor in order to receive dividends, sale proceeds or other amounts with respect to its shares remitted outside Chile, but the investor must inform the Central Bank about any such transactions and must remit foreign currency through the Formal Exchange Market. Under the foreign investment contract, the depositary, on behalf of our ADS holders, will be granted access to the Formal Exchange Market to convert cash dividends from Chilean pesos to U.S. dollars and to pay such U.S. dollars to ADS holders outside Chile.

The following table sets forth the cash dividends declared per common share and per ADS during the periods indicated:

 

     As of and for the Year Ended December 31,
     2008     2009     2009
     (in Ch$, except percentages)     (in U.S.$)

IFRS:

      

Dividend payout ratio(1)

   99.67   60.31   —  

Dividend per common share(2)

   3.37      2.72      0.005

 

(1) Dividend payout ratio is calculated by dividing the amount of dividends paid by the earnings per share of the prior year.
(2) Dividends per share are calculated by dividing the amount of the dividend paid during each year by the previous year’s number of shares outstanding.

Whether future dividends will be paid will depend upon our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, governmental regulations and policies and other factors. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that dividends in future years will be paid at a rate similar to dividends paid in past years.

SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

No significant changes in our financial condition have occurred since the date of the most recent audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.

 

Item 9. The Offer and Listing

Nature of Trading Market

Shares of our common stock are traded on the Chilean stock exchanges. They have been listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange as well as on the Valparaiso Stock Exchange since 1894, and on the Electronic Stock Exchange since 1989. The Santiago Stock Exchange is the principal trading market for our shares.

The Chilean securities markets are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than major securities markets in the United States. The Santiago Stock Exchange, which is Chile’s principal exchange, had a market capitalization of approximately U.S.$231billion as of December 31, 2009 and an average monthly trading volume of approximately U.S.$3,177 million for 2009. The Santiago Stock Exchange was established in 1893 and is a private company whose equity consists of 48 shares held by 45 shareholders. As of December 31, 2009, 232 series of shares were listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange.

The Santiago Stock Exchange accounts, for approximately 87% of all amounts traded in Chile. The ten largest companies in terms of market capitalization represented, as of December 31, 2009, approximately 48.1% of the Santiago Stock Exchange’s aggregate market capitalization and during 2008 accounted for approximately 27.7% of its total volume. During 2009, 27% of the companies listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange had their shares traded on an average of 70% or more of the exchange’s trading days. Approximately 12% of equity trading in Chile is conducted on the Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange, an electronic trading market that was created by banks and non-member brokerage houses. The remaining 1% of equity is traded on the Valparaiso Stock Exchange.

 

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ADSs, each representing 600 shares of common stock, without nominal (par) value, have been listed on the NYSE since January 2, 2002 under the symbol “BCH.” JPMorgan Chase Bank is our depositary for purposes of issuing the ADRs evidencing our ADSs. As of December 31, 2009, a maximum of 1,637,998 ADSs were outstanding (equivalent to 982,798,629 shares of common stock or 1.19% of the total number of issued shares of common stock). Since certain of our ADSs are held by brokers or other nominees, the number of direct record holders in the United States may not be fully indicative of the number of direct beneficial owners in the United States or of where the direct beneficial owners of such shares are resident.

We listed our shares on Latibex, and trading of our shares started on that exchange on October 8, 2002 under the code XBCH, grouped in trading units of 600 shares. In addition, since December 20, 2002, our shares are listed on the LSE.

The table below shows, for the periods indicated, the annual, quarterly and monthly high and low closing prices (in nominal Chilean pesos) of the traded shares of our securities on the Santiago Stock Exchange, the Electronic Stock Exchange, and the Valparaiso Stock Exchange:

 

     Santiago Stock Exchange    Electronic Stock Exchange    Valparaiso Stock Exchange
     Common Stock    Common Stock    Common Stock
     High    Low    High    Low    High    Low
     (Ch$ per share )(1)    (Ch$ per share )(1)    (Ch$ per share )(1)

Annual Price History

                 

2005

   Ch$ 37.7    Ch$ 32.0    Ch$ 38.0    Ch$ 32.0    Ch$ 38.8    Ch$ 30.0

2006

     45.9      32.0      46.0      31.4      46.0      31.7

2007

     48.2      38.1      49.0      37.5      48.0      37.5

2008

     43.6      26.1      43.4      25.5      42.8      27.0

2009

     45.0      33.4      44.8      33.5      72.8      33.4

Quarterly Price History

                 

2007

                 

1st Quarter

     47.0      40.6      47.3      41.0      47.1      40.8

2nd Quarter

     48.2      40.5      48.0      40.0      47.0      40.9

3rd Quarter

     47.9      38.6      49.0      37.5      48.0      37.5

4th Quarter

     44.0      38.1      44.5      37.9      43.5      38.0

2008

                 

1st Quarter

     43.6      36.0      43.4      35.6      42.8      36.1

2nd Quarter

     40.5      38.2      41.4      38.2      40.0      38.1

3rd Quarter

     38.4      35.4      39.1      35.4      38.5      35.6

4th Quarter

     36.5      26.1      36.7      25.5      36.2      27.0

2009

                 

1st Quarter

     37.4      34.0      37.5      33.5      37.5      34.0

2nd Quarter

     39.0      33.4      39.0      33.5      38.9      33.4

3rd Quarter

     43.7      37.0      43.6      37.0      42.5      37.2

4th Quarter

     45.0      40.8      44.8      39.5      72.8      41.5

2010

                 

1st Quarter

     54.0      45.1      54.0      44.7      53.8      44.7

Monthly Price History

                 

December 2009

     45.0      42.0      44.8      42.5      44.5      43.5

January 2010

     51.2      45.1      52.0      44.7      50.0      44.7

February 2010

     54.0      49.0      54.0      49.0      53.8      49.9

March 2010

     55.9      50.4      56.4      50.9      55.5      51.1

April 2010

     54.2      51.5      54.5      51.5      54.0      52.0

May 2010

     54.4      51.3      54.3      51.2      54.0      51.4

 

Sources: Santiago Stock Exchange, Electronic Stock Exchange, and Valparaiso Stock Exchange—Official Quotation Bulletin.

 

(1) Pesos per share reflect nominal price at trade date.

 

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The table below shows the annual, quarterly and monthly high and low closing prices in U.S. dollars and in Euros, respectively, as reported by the NYSE and Latibex:

 

     NYSE    Latibex
     ADS(1)    Trading Units(2)
     High    Low    High    Low
     (U.S.$ per ADS)    (Euros per Trading Unit)

Annual Price History

           

2009

   U.S.$ 53.90    U.S.$ 30.85    37.45    22.10

Quarterly Price History

           

2009

           

1st Quarter

     36.86      30.85      29.04      22.10

2nd Quarter

     43.50      33.06      30.38      25.23

3rd Quarter

     48.39      40.51      32.93      28.90

4th Quarter

     53.90      46.07      37.45      31.32

2010

           

1st Quarter

     64.41      53.72      46.93      37.33

Monthly Price History

           

December 2009

     53.90      50.15      37.45      32.80

January 2010

     62.89      53.83      43.63      37.33

February 2010

     61.99      53.72      45.77      39.75

March 2010

     64.41      56.97      46.93      40.00

April 2010

     62.82      58.50      47.07      42.50

May 2010

     65.00      56.25      48.65      45.16

 

Source: Bloomberg.

 

(1) One ADS represents 600 shares of common stock.
(2) One Trading Unit represents 600 shares of common stock.

 

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Item 10. Additional Information

MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Set forth below is a brief summary of the significant provisions of our bylaws, or estatutos and Chilean law. This description contains all material information concerning our shares, but does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our estatutos (a copy of which is filed as exhibit 1.1 to this annual report), the General Banking Law, the Chilean Corporations Law and the Securities Market Law.

We are an open stock (public) corporation and are registered with the Chilean Public Registry of Commerce under Page 23,859 Number 18,638. Open stock (public) corporations are those with 500 or more shareholders, or companies in which 100 or more shareholders own at least 10% of the subscribed capital (excluding those whose individual holdings exceed 10%), and all other companies that are registered in the Securities Registry of the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance. The Chilean Corporations Law sets forth the rules and requirements for establishing open stock corporations. Shareholder rights in a Chilean bank that is also an open stock corporation are governed by the bank’s estatutos, which effectively serve as both the articles of incorporation and the bylaws of a company incorporated in the United States. Article 137 of the Chilean Corporations Law provides that all provisions of the Chilean Corporations Law take precedence over any contrary provision in a corporation’s estatutos. Both the Chilean Corporations Law and our estatutos provide that legal actions by shareholders against us (or our officers or directors) to enforce their rights as shareholders or by one shareholder against another in their capacity as such are to be brought in Chile in arbitration proceedings.

The Chilean securities markets are principally regulated by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance under the Securities Market Law and the Chilean Corporations Law. In the case of banks, compliance with these laws is supervised by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks. These two laws provide for disclosure requirements, restrictions on insider trading and price manipulation and protection of minority investors. The Securities Market Law sets forth requirements relating to public offerings, stock exchanges and brokers, and outlines disclosure requirements for companies that issue publicly offered securities.

Purpose

The purpose of the Bank is to undertake all acts, contracts, business, and transactions as the General Banking Law allows banking institutions to undertake, without prejudice to expanding or restricting its scope of action consistent with current legal precepts or such as may be established in the future.

Capitalization

There are currently two outstanding series of our capital stock. We have a total of 82,551,699,423 outstanding shares with no par value, consisting of 73,834,890,472 ordinary shares and 8,716,808,951 ordinary shares of the series “Banco de Chile-S,” which resulted from the merger of Citibank Chile with and into the Bank. For the avoidance of doubt, please note that there is no preferred class of shares and each series of our ordinary shares confer the same rights to shareholders. All of the shares are duly subscribed and paid. There are no legal restrictions on the payment of dividends from our net income, except that we may only pay a single dividend per year (i.e., interim dividends are not permitted). Chilean public corporations are generally required to distribute at least 30% of their earnings as dividends. Previously, a bank was permitted to distribute less than such minimum amount in any given year if the holders of at least two-thirds of the bank’s outstanding stock so determined, but in 2006 that possibility was eliminated by law. All of our shares have full voting rights.

 

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Under Chilean law, the shareholders of a company, acting at an Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting, have the power to authorize an increase in the company’s capital. When an investor subscribes for issued shares, the shares are registered in such investor’s name, even if not paid for, and the investor is treated as a shareholder for all purposes, except with regard to receipt of dividends and the return of capital. The investor becomes eligible to receive dividends or the return of capital once it has paid for the shares; if it has paid for only a portion of such shares, it is entitled to reserve a corresponding pro-rata portion of the dividends declared with respect to such shares unless the company’s bylaws provide otherwise. If an investor does not pay for shares for which it has subscribed on or prior to the date agreed upon for payment, the company is entitled under Chilean law to auction the shares on the stock exchange and collect the difference, if any, between the subscription price and the auction proceeds. However, until such shares are sold at auction, the subscriber continues to exercise all the rights of a shareholder (except the right to receive dividends or the return of capital). In the case of banks, authorized shares and issued shares that have not been paid for within the period fixed for their payment by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks are cancelled and are no longer available for issuance by the company.

The Chilean Corporations Law provides that the purchaser of shares of a company implicitly accepts its bylaws and any agreements adopted at shareholders’ meetings.

Directors

For a description of the provisions of our estatutos relating to our Board of Directors and our Directors/Audit Committee, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.”

Ownership Restrictions

Under the Securities Market Law and the regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, shareholders of open stock corporations are required to report the following to the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance and the Chilean stock exchanges:

 

   

any direct or indirect acquisition or sale of shares that results in the holder’s acquiring or disposing of, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of an open stock corporation’s share capital;

 

   

any direct or indirect acquisition or sale of shares or options to buy or sell shares, in any amount, if made by a holder of 10% or more of an open stock corporation’s capital or if made by a director, liquidator, main officer, general manager or manager of such corporation; and

 

   

any acquisition or disposition of contracts or securities in which the price depends on, or is subject to, in part or as a whole, the variation in or evolution of the price of the shares.

In addition, any person who acquires 10% or more of our shares must include in the report whether the purpose of the acquisition is to acquire control of the company or if the acquisition is just a financial investment. A beneficial owner of ADSs representing 10% or more of our share capital will be subject to these reporting requirements under Chilean law.

According to the regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, Chilean banks that issue ADSs are required to inform the Chilean Superintendency of Banks if any person, directly or beneficially, acquires ADSs representing 5% or more of the total amount of shares of capital stock issued by such bank.

Under the Securities Market Law and the regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, persons or entities intending to acquire control, directly or indirectly, of an open stock corporation are also required to inform the public of such intention at least 10 business days in advance but, in any case, as soon as negotiations regarding the change of control begin (i.e., when information and documents concerning the target are delivered to the potential acquirer) through a filing with the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, the stock exchanges, companies controlled by and that control the target and through a notice published in two Chilean newspapers, which notice must disclose, among other information, the person or entity purchasing or selling, the price and the material conditions of any negotiations.

 

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Prior to such publication, a written communication to such effect must be sent to the target corporation, to the controlling corporation, to the corporations controlled by the target corporation, to the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance and to the Chilean stock exchanges. Title XV of the Securities Market Law provides the definition of a controlling power, direct holding and related party.

The General Banking Law provides that, as a matter of public policy, no person or company may acquire, directly or indirectly, more than 10% of the shares of a bank without the prior authorization of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, which may not be unreasonably withheld. The prohibition also applies to beneficial owners of ADSs. In the absence of such authorization, any person or group of persons acting in concert would not be permitted to exercise voting rights with respect to the shares or ADSs acquired. In determining whether to issue such an authorization, the Chilean Superintendency of Banks considers a number of factors enumerated in the General Banking Law, including the financial stability of the purchasing party.

The General Banking Law also requires the prior authorization of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks for the following transactions:

 

   

the merger of two or more banks;

 

   

the acquisition of all or a substantial portion of a bank’s assets and liabilities by another bank;

 

   

the control by the same person or controlling group of two or more banks; or

 

   

a substantial increase in the share ownership by a controlling shareholder of a bank.

The above mentioned authorization is required when the acquiring bank or the resulting group of banks, after the transaction is consummated, would own a significant market share in loans, defined by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks to be more than 15.0% of all loans in the Chilean banking system. This authorization may be denied by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks only by means of a founded resolution and if the petitioner does not comply with certain requirements, such as financial stability and commercial soundness.

If a merger between two or more banks results in a market share greater than 15% but less than 20%, the authorization of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks is conditioned on the post-merger bank maintaining the percentage of paid-in capital and reserves to risk-weighted assets of not less than 10% for a period established by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks (but in no event less than one year).

When any of the aforementioned transactions results in a market share of 20% or greater for the resulting bank, the authorization may be conditioned on one or more of the following:

 

   

that the bank or banks maintain Regulatory Capital higher than 8.0% and up to 14.0% of their risk-weighted assets;

 

   

that the technical reserve requirements established by Article 65 of the General Banking Law be applicable when deposits exceed one and a half times the resulting bank’s paid-in capital and reserves; or

 

   

that the margin for interbank loans be diminished to 20% of the resulting bank’s paid-in capital and reserves.

The General Banking Law and the regulations issued by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks provide that individuals that are holders of shares and who beneficially own more than 1% of the shares may be considered related to the bank and imposes certain restrictions on the amounts and terms of loans to them made by the related bank. This rule also applies to beneficial owners of ADSs representing more than 1% of the shares.

 

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Preemptive Rights and Increases of Share Capital

The Chilean Corporations Law provides that whenever a Chilean company issues new shares for cash, it must offer its existing shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentages in the company. Pursuant to this requirement, we must offer preemptive rights in connection with any future issue of shares to the depositary as the registered owner of the shares underlying the ADSs. However, the depositary will not be able to make the preemptive rights available to U.S. holders of ADSs unless a registration statement under the Securities Act, is effective with respect to the underlying shares or an exemption from the registration requirements thereunder is available.

We intend to evaluate, at the time of any preemptive rights offering, the practicality under Chilean law and Central Bank regulations in effect at the time of making such rights available to our ADS holders, as well as the costs and potential liabilities associated with the registration of such rights and the related shares of common stock under the Securities Act, and the indirect benefits to us of thereby enabling the exercise by all or certain U.S. holders of ADSs of their preemptive rights and any other factors we consider appropriate at the time. There can be no assurance that any registration statement would be filed. If we do not file a registration statement and no exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act is available, the depositary will sell such holders’ preemptive rights and distribute the proceeds if a premium can be recognized over the cost of such sale.

In the event that the depositary is not able, or determines that it is not feasible, to sell such rights at a premium over the cost of any such sale, all or certain U.S. holders of ADSs may receive no value for such rights. Non-U.S. holders of ADSs may be able to exercise their preemptive rights regardless of whether a registration statement is filed. The inability of all or certain U.S. holders of ADSs to exercise preemptive rights in respect of shares of common stock underlying such ADSs could result in such holders not maintaining their percentage ownership of the common stock following a preemptive rights offering unless the holder made additional market purchases of ADSs or shares of common stock.

Under Chilean law, the preemptive right to subscribe new shares for cash must be exercised or transferred by shareholders within 30 days following the grant of such rights. For an open stock corporation during such period, and for an additional 30-day period thereafter, such corporation is not permitted to offer any unsubscribed shares for sale to third parties on more favorable terms than those offered to its shareholders. However, at the end of such additional 30-day period, a Chilean open stock corporation is authorized to sell unsubscribed shares to third parties on any terms, provided that they are sold on a Chilean stock exchange.

Shareholders’ Meetings and Voting Rights

An Ordinary Annual Meeting of Shareholders is held within the first three months of each year, generally in March. The Ordinary Annual Meeting of shareholders is the corporate body that approves the annual financial statements, all dividends in accordance with the dividend policy determined by our Board of Directors, elects our Board of Directors and any other matter that does not require an Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting. Extraordinary Meetings may be called by our Board of Directors when deemed appropriate, and Ordinary or Extraordinary Meetings must be called by our Board of Directors when requested by shareholders representing at least 10% of the issued voting shares or by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

Notice to convene the Ordinary Annual Meeting or an Extraordinary Meeting is given by means of three notices that must be published in a newspaper of our corporate domicile (currently Santiago, Chile) or in the Official Gazette in a prescribed manner, and the first notice must be published not less than 15 calendar days nor more than 20 calendar days in advance of the scheduled meeting. Notice must also be given to the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and the Santiago, Valparaiso and Electronic Stock Exchanges. Currently, we publish our official notices in the Diario El Mercurio.

 

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The notice of a Shareholders’ Meeting must be mailed not fewer than 15 calendar days prior to the date of such meeting and, in the case of an Ordinary Annual Shareholders’ Meeting, shareholders holding a prescribed minimum investment must be sent an annual report of our activities that includes audited consolidated financial statements. Shareholders who do not fall into this category but who request it must also be sent a copy of our annual report. In addition to these requirements, we regularly provide, and management currently intends to continue to provide, together with the notice of shareholders’ meeting, a proposal for the final annual dividend.

The quorum for a Shareholders’ Meeting is established by the presence, in person or by proxy, of shareholders representing at least an absolute majority of the issued shares; if a quorum is not present at the first meeting on first call, the meeting can be reconvened (in accordance with the procedures described in the previous paragraph) and, upon the meeting being reconvened, shareholders present at the reconvened meeting are deemed to constitute a quorum regardless of the percentage of the shares represented.

The Shareholders’ Meetings pass resolutions by the affirmative vote of an absolute majority of those voting shares present or represented at the meeting. Approval by a two-thirds majority of the issued shares, however, is required at any Shareholders’ Meeting to approve any of the following actions:

 

   

a change in corporate form, merger or spin-off;

 

   

an amendment to our term of existence or early dissolution;

 

   

a change in corporate domicile;

 

   

a decrease of corporate capital;

 

   

the approval of capital contributions in kind and a valuation of the assets contributed;

 

   

a modification of the powers of shareholders or limitations on the powers of our Board of Directors;

 

   

a reduction in the number of members of our Board of Directors;

 

   

the transfer of 50% or more of the corporate assets or the formation or amendment of any business plan that contemplates the transfer of 50% or more of our corporate assets;

 

   

any non-cash distribution in respect of the shares;

 

   

the granting of guarantees to secure third-party obligations in excess of 50% of our corporate assets, unless granted to a subsidiary; or

 

   

the repurchase of shares.

Shareholders may aggregate their votes for the election of directors and cast the same in favor of one person.

In general, Chilean law does not require a Chilean open stock corporation to provide the level and type of information that U.S. securities laws require a reporting company to provide to its shareholders in connection with a solicitation of proxies. Shareholders are entitled to examine the books of a company within the 15-day period before its Ordinary Annual Meeting.

 

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The Chilean Corporations Law provides that whenever shareholders representing 10% or more of the issued voting shares so request, a Chilean company’s annual report must include, in addition to the materials provided by the board of directors to shareholders, any shareholders’ comments and proposals in relation to the company’s affairs. Similarly, the Chilean Corporations Law provides that whenever the board of directors of an open stock corporation convenes an ordinary meeting of the shareholders and solicits proxies for that meeting, or distributes information supporting its decisions or other similar material, it is obligated to include as an annex to its annual report any pertinent comments and proposals that may have been made by shareholders owning 10% or more of the company’s voting shares who have requested that such comments and proposals be included.

Only shareholders registered as such with us on the fifth business day prior to the date of a meeting are entitled to attend and vote their shares. A shareholder may appoint another individual (who need not be a shareholder) as his proxy to attend and vote on his behalf. Every shareholder entitled to attend and vote at a shareholders’ meeting has one vote for every share subscribed.

An Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting was held on December 27, 2007 and the following issues were discussed and the following decisions were made:

 

   

Approval of the merger by absorption of Citibank Chile into Banco de Chile, under the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement executed by the parties on December 26, 2007. As a result of the merger, the Bank acquired all the assets and assumed all the liabilities of Citibank Chile, and it succeeded to all of the assets and all of the liabilities of the latter. The merger was approved by Citibank Chile’s Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting. In addition, the shareholders ratified the other agreements executed in connection with the Citibank Chile merger (i.e., the Asset Purchase Agreement, the License Agreement, the Cooperation Agreement and the Global Connectivity Agreement).

 

   

A capital increase was approved in the amount of Ch$297,324,899,039, which was contributed and paid for as consideration for the acquisition of the all of the assets and liabilities of Citibank Chile. It was resolved that the Bank would issue 8,443,861,140 registered, ordinary no-par “Banco de Chile-S” series shares, which were to be delivered to the shareholders of Citibank Chile, in the proportion of 8,443.86114 shares of Banco de Chile-S for each Citibank Chile share. The “Banco de Chile-S” series shares shall not be subject to the Exchange Agreement signed by the Central Bank and its subsequent modifications by virtue of the application of Agreements No. 1.167-03-041209 and No. 1.333-01-070510 of the Governing Council of the Central Bank.

 

   

It was agreed that the merger was to become effective as of January 1, 2008, and that the profits of each bank corresponding to the financial year 2007 were to correspond in to the shareholders of each respective institution in the manner and under the conditions determined by the Ordinary Shareholder’s Meeting of the post-merger bank.

 

   

Some modifications to the Articles of Incorporation of Banco de Chile were approved, as proposed by the Board of Directors (as detailed below). The issuance of a rewritten, coordinated and systemized text of the Articles of Incorporation of the Bank was also approved.

The modifications to the Articles of Incorporation are as follows:

 

   

Article Five was amended in order to establish the new capital of the Bank, the new amount of shares and the creation of a new series of ordinary shares (“Banco de Chile-S”);

 

   

Article Eight was modified in order to establish that, in the case of any vacancy of Alternate Directors, any replacement Director will be appointed by the Board so that the second Alternate Director will stand in the place of the first Alternate Director automatically;

 

   

Article Ten was modified to change the term during which a Board of Directors Meeting must be held when it has been convened by one or more Directors, to modify the term of any notice for such meetings, and the means by which these notices can be carried out;

 

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Article Fifteen was amended to establish a new system for replacing the Chairman. Accordingly, in case of absence or incapacity of the Chairman of the Board, he shall be replaced in his functions by a Director appointed by the Board of Directors, and not by the Vice President;

 

   

Article Nineteen was modified in order to change the system by which an election at a Shareholders’ Meeting is conducted. The existing viva voce mechanism was replaced by voting by slip of paper for shareholder votes. Additionally, the counting of votes can be carried out by a notary public, without prejudice to the resolutions adopted by the shareholders or by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks; and

 

   

New transitional articles were included to make reference to the merger between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile and to the new capital of the Bank.

At the Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of the Bank, held on March 27, 2008, the Board of Directors was renewed, due to the end of the legal and statutory three-year terms for the Directors. Alternate Directors were also designated. In addition, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 196, in the amount of Ch$3.359690 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2007 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$2.626161 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series.

At the Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of the Bank, held on March 26, 2009, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 197, in the amount of Ch$2.357790 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2008 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$2.357790 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series.

At the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of the Bank, held on March 26, 2009, the shareholders agreed that 30% of the net income obtained during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008, would be capitalized through the issuance of fully paid-in shares, of no par value, with a value of $31.26 per share, which would be distributed among the shareholders in the proportion of 0.032325 fully paid-in shares for each share held by shareholders at the date prescribed by law.

At the Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of the Bank, held on March 25, 2010, the shareholders agreed to the distribution and payment of dividend No. 198, in the amount of Ch$3.496813 per Banco de Chile common share, with a charge to the 2009 income of Banco de Chile, and the distribution and payment of a dividend of Ch$3.496813 per share of the “Banco de Chile-S” series.

At the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of the Bank, held on March 25, 2010, the shareholders agreed to supplement the Articles of Incorporation of Banco de Chile, as proposed by the Board of Directors and as detailed below.

A new provisional article four was included in Banco de Chile’s Articles of Incorporation. Given that under International Financial Reporting Standards no price restatement is made in the financial statements to take account of inflation, the Bank decided to amend its Articles of Incorporation to address the impact that the new accounting criteria would have on the calculation of the annual payments that SAOS must make to the Central Bank each year according to the contract dated November 8, 1996 between the Chilean Central Bank, Banco de Chile and SM-Chile S.A. (the “Central Bank Contract”). The new provisional article four establishes that, for purposes of Law No. 19,396 (in particular Articles 24, 25 and 28 of such law) and the Central Bank Contract, Banco de Chile’s distributable net income will be determined by subtracting or adding to net income the correction of the value of the paid-in capital and reserves according to the variation of the Consumer Price Index between November of the fiscal year prior to the one in which the calculation is made and November of the fiscal year in which the calculation is made. The difference between net income and distributable net income shall be registered in a reserve account since the first day of the fiscal year following the date when the calculation is made. This reserve account cannot be distributed or capitalized. Provisional article four shall be in force until the obligation of Law No. 19,396 owed by Sociedad Matriz del Banco de Chile S.A. directly or through its subsidiary SAOS has been fully paid. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Bank—History—The 1982-1983 Economic Crisis and the Central Bank Subordinated Debt.”

 

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Dividend, Liquidation and Appraisal Rights

For a description of the provisions of our estatutos related to our dividends, see “Item 8. Financial Information—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividends.”

Under the Chilean Corporations Law, Chilean companies are generally required to distribute at least 30% of their earnings as dividends. Previously, the General Banking Law stated that banks were permitted to distribute less than such minimum amount in any given year with the approval of holders of at least two-thirds of the bank’s common stock. In 2006, however, this possibility was eliminated by law. In the event of any loss of capital or decrease in the legal reserve, no dividends can be distributed until the loss is recovered. Also, a bank cannot distribute dividends above the legal minimum if doing so would result in the bank exceeding its maximum indebtedness ratio or its lending limits. See “Item 8. Financial Information—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividends.”

Dividends that are declared but not paid by the date set for payment at the time of declaration are adjusted from the date set for payment to the date they are actually paid, and interest is accrued thereon. The right to receive a dividend lapses if it is not claimed within five years from the date the dividend is payable.

We may declare a dividend in cash or in shares. When a share dividend is declared above the legal minimum (which minimum must be paid in cash), our shareholders must be given the option to elect to receive cash. A U.S. holder of our ADSs may, in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or an available exemption from the registration requirement thereunder, effectively be required to receive a dividend in cash. See “—Preemptive Rights and Increases of Share Capital.”

In the event of our liquidation, the holders of our fully paid shares would share equally and ratably, in proportion to the number of paid-in shares held by them, in our assets available after payment of all our creditors.

In accordance with the General Banking Law, our shareholders would have no appraisal rights in the event of a business combination or otherwise.

Approval of Financial Statements

Our Board of Directors is required to submit our audited consolidated financial statements to the shareholders annually for their approval. The approval or rejection of the financial statements is entirely within our shareholders’ discretion. If our shareholders reject our financial statements, our Board of Directors must submit new financial statements not later than 60 calendar days from the date of the rejection. If our shareholders reject our new financial statements, our entire Board of Directors is deemed removed from office and a new Board of Directors is elected at the same meeting. Directors who individually approved our financial statements are disqualified from running for re-election for the ensuing period.

Registrations and Transfers

We act as our own registrar and transfer agent, as is customary among Chilean companies. In the case of jointly owned shares, an attorney-in-fact must be appointed to represent the joint owners in dealings with us.

 

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MATERIAL CONTRACTS

See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”

EXCHANGE CONTROLS

The Central Bank is responsible for, among other things, monetary policies and exchange controls in Chile. Appropriate registration of a foreign investment in Chile grants the investor access to the Formal Exchange Market. Foreign investments can be registered with the Foreign Investment Committee under Decree Law No. 600 or can be registered with the Central Bank under the Central Bank Act.

On April 16, 2001, the Central Bank agreed that, effective April 19, 2001:

 

   

the prior foreign exchange restrictions would be eliminated; and

 

   

a new Compendio de Normas de Cambios Internacionales, or Compendium of Foreign Exchange Regulations, would be applied.

The main objective of this change, as declared by the Central Bank, is to facilitate capital movements from and into Chile and encourage foreign investment.

The following specific restrictions were eliminated:

 

   

A reserve requirement with the Central Bank for a period of one year. This mandatory reserve was previously imposed on foreign loans and funds brought into Chile to purchase shares other than those acquired in the establishment of a new company or in the capital increase of the issuing company. This reserve requirement was decreased from 30% to 0% of the proposed investment on September 16, 1998.

 

   

The requirement for prior approval by the Central Bank for certain operations, such as repatriation of investments and payments to foreign creditors.

 

   

The mandatory return of foreign currencies to Chile.

 

   

The mandatory conversion of foreign currencies into Chilean pesos.

Under the amended regulations, only the following limitations are applicable to these operations:

 

   

The Central Bank must be provided with information related to certain operations, such as foreign investments and foreign credits.

 

   

Certain operations, such as money transfers to and from Chile must be conducted within the Formal Exchange Market.

The Central Bank also eliminated Chapter XXVI of the “Compendium of Foreign Exchange Regulations,” which regulated the establishment of an ADR facility by a Chilean company. According to the new rules, it is not necessary to seek the Central Bank’s prior approval in order to establish an ADR facility. The establishment of an ADR facility is now regarded as an ordinary foreign investment. The establishment of an ADR facility now simply requires that the Central Bank be informed of the transaction, and that the transaction be conducted exclusively through the Formal Exchange Market.

 

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Foreign Investment Contract

We are a party, as legal successor of Banco de A. Edwards, to the currently existing foreign investment contract with the Central Bank and the depositary (a copy of which was filed as an exhibit to Banco de A. Edwards’ registration statement on Form F-1 (Registration No. 33-97594) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 1995). Absent the foreign investment contract, under applicable Chilean exchange controls, investors would not be granted access to the Formal Exchange Market for the purpose of converting pesos to U.S. dollars and repatriating from Chile amounts received with respect to deposited shares or shares withdrawn from deposit on surrender of ADSs (including amounts received as cash dividends and proceeds from the sale in Chile of the underlying shares and any rights arising therefrom).

The following is a summary of the material provisions of the foreign investment contract. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the foreign investment contract. Under the foreign investment contract, the Central Bank agrees to grant to the depositary, on behalf of ADR holders, and to any investor not residing or domiciled in Chile who withdraws shares upon delivery of ADRs (we refer to such shares as withdrawn shares), access to the Formal Exchange Market to convert pesos to U.S. dollars (and remit such U.S. dollars outside of Chile) in respect of shares represented by ADSs or withdrawn shares, including amounts received as:

 

   

cash dividends;

 

   

proceeds from the sale in Chile of withdrawn shares (subject to receipt by the Central Bank of a certificate from the holder of the withdrawn shares (or from an institution authorized by the Central Bank) that such holder’s residence and domicile are outside Chile and a certificate from a Chilean stock exchange (or from a brokerage or securities firm established in Chile) that such withdrawn shares were sold on a Chilean stock exchange);

 

   

proceeds from the sale in Chile of rights to subscribe for additional shares;

 

   

proceeds from our liquidation, merger or consolidation; and

 

   

other distributions, including without limitation those resulting from any recapitalization as a result of holding shares represented by ADSs or withdrawn shares.

Transferees of withdrawn shares will not be entitled to any of the foregoing rights unless the withdrawn shares are redeposited with the depositary. Investors receiving withdrawn shares in exchange for ADRs will have the right to redeposit such shares in exchange for ADRs, provided that the conditions to redeposit are satisfied.

The foreign investment contract provides that a person who brings foreign currency into Chile to purchase shares with the benefit of the foreign investment contract must convert the foreign currency into pesos on the same date as the foreign currency is brought into Chile and then has five banking business days within which to invest the currency in shares in order to receive the benefits of the foreign investment contract. If the person decides within that period not to acquire shares, he or she can access the formal exchange market to reacquire dollars, provided that the applicable request is presented to the Central Bank within seven banking business days of the initial conversion into pesos. Shares acquired as described above may be deposited for ADSs and receive the benefits of the foreign investment contract, subject to:

 

   

receipt by the Central Bank of a certificate from the depositary that such deposit has been effected and that the related ADRs have been issued; and

 

   

receipt by the custodian of a declaration from the person making such deposit waiving the benefits of the foreign investment contract with respect to the deposited shares.

Access to the Formal Exchange Market under any of the circumstances described above is not automatic. Such access requires approval of the Central Bank based on a request presented through a banking institution established in Chile. The foreign investment contract provides that if the Central Bank has not acted on the request within seven banking days, the request will be deemed approved.

 

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Under current Chilean law, the foreign investment contract cannot be changed unilaterally by the Central Bank, and there are judicial precedents (which are not binding with respect to future judicial decisions) indicating that the foreign investment contract may not be abrogated by future legislative changes. On May 10, 2007, the Board of the Central Bank resolved to interpret the regulations regarding the previously established Chapter XXVI in connection with the access granted to the Formal Exchange Market. These regulations allow entities that endeavor to carry out capital increases by means of the issuance of cash shares before August 31, 2007 to apply the aforementioned regulation to their capital increases, but only once and only if those shares can be fully subscribed and paid by August 31, 2008, among other conditions. Consequently, capital increases carried out after August 31, 2007 (including, for example, the issuance of the “Banco de Chile-S” series shares in connection with our merger with Citibank Chile) will have no guaranteed access to the Formal Exchange Market. Furthermore, there is no assurance that (i) additional Chilean restrictions may be inapplicable to the holders of ADRs, (ii) the disposition of underlying shares or the repatriation of the proceeds from such disposition will be subject to restrictions in the future and (iii) we cannot assess the duration or impact of such restrictions if imposed.

TAXATION

Chilean Tax Considerations

The following discussion is based on certain Chilean income tax laws presently in force, including Ruling No. 324 of January 29, 1990 of the Servicio de Impuestos Internos, or the Chilean Internal Revenue Service, and other applicable regulations and rulings. The discussion summarizes the principal Chilean income tax consequences of an investment in ADSs or shares of common stock by an individual who is not domiciled in, or a resident of, Chile or a legal entity that is not organized under the laws of Chile and does not have a permanent establishment located in Chile, which we refer to as a foreign holder. For purposes of Chilean tax law, an individual holder is a resident of Chile if he or she has resided in Chile for more than six consecutive months in one calendar year or for a total of more than six months, whether consecutive or not, in two consecutive tax years. An individual holder is domiciled in Chile if he or she resides in Chile with the purpose of staying in Chile (such purpose to be evidenced by circumstances such as the acceptance of employment within Chile or the relocation of his or her family to Chile). This discussion is not intended as tax advice to any particular investor, which can be rendered only in light of that investor’s particular tax situation.

Under Chilean law, provisions contained in statutes such as tax rates applicable to foreign holders, the computation of taxable income for Chilean purposes and the manner in which Chilean taxes are imposed and collected may be amended only by another statute. In addition, the Chilean tax authorities issue rulings and regulations of either general or specific application and interpret the provisions of Chilean tax law. Chilean taxes may not be assessed retroactively against taxpayers who act in good faith relying on such rulings and regulations, but Chilean tax authorities may change rulings and regulations prospectively. Chile and the United States have executed an income and capital tax treaty for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion, but this treaty is not in effect, and its effectiveness is contingent upon ratification in the United States Senate and by the Chilean Congress. At this time it is not clear when the United States Senate and the Chilean Congress will consider ratification, and therefore the effective date of the treaty is uncertain.

 

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Cash Dividends and Other Distributions

Cash dividends paid by us with respect to ADSs or shares of common stock held by a foreign holder will be subject to a 35.0% Chilean withholding tax, which is withheld and paid over by us, which we refer to as the Chilean withholding tax. A credit against the Chilean withholding tax is available based on the level of corporate income tax, or first category tax, actually paid on the taxable income to which the dividend is imputed; however, this credit does not reduce the Chilean withholding tax on a one-for-one basis because it also increases the base on which the Chilean withholding tax is imposed. In addition, distribution of book income in excess of retained taxable income is subject to the Chilean withholding tax, but such distribution is not eligible for the credit. Under Chilean income tax law, for purposes of determining the level of the first category tax paid, dividends generally are assumed to have been paid out of oldest retained taxable profits. The effective rate of withholding tax to be imposed on dividends paid by us will vary depending upon the amount of first category tax paid by us on the earnings to which the dividends are attributed. In our case, the amount paid as first category tax is lower than it would be based on our income because the dividends paid to SAOS are accounted for as a cost to us. Presently, the first category tax rate is 17%. The Chilean Congress is currently considering proposed legislation that, if enacted, would temporarily increase the first category tax rate to 20% for 2011 and 18.5% for 2012. Under the proposed legislation, the first category tax rate would return to the current rate of 17% in 2013. Whether the first category tax is imposed or not, the effective overall combined rate of Chilean taxes imposed with respect to our distributed profits is 35.0%.

The foregoing tax consequences apply to cash dividends paid and dividend distributions made in property, other than shares of common stock. Share dividends are not subject to Chilean taxation.

Capital Gains

Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition by a foreign holder of ADSs (or ADRs evidencing ADSs) will not be subject to Chilean taxation, provided that such disposition occurs outside Chile or that it is performed under the rules of Title XXIV of the Chilean Securities Market Law. The deposit and withdrawal of shares of common stock in exchange for ADRs will not be subject to any Chilean taxes.

Gain recognized on the sale or exchange of shares of common stock (as distinguished from sales or exchanges of ADSs representing such shares of common stock) by a foreign holder will be subject to both the first category tax and the Chilean withholding tax (the former being creditable against the latter) if (1) the foreign holder has held such shares of common stock for less than one year since exchanging ADSs for the shares of common stock, (2) the foreign holder acquired and disposed of the shares of common stock in the ordinary course of its business or as a regular trader of stock or (3) the sale is made to a company in which the foreign holder holds an interest (10.0% or more of the shares in the case of open stock corporations). In all other cases, gain on the disposition of shares of common stock will be subject only to the first category tax levied as a sole tax. However, if it is impossible to determine the taxable capital gain, a 5.0% withholding will be imposed on the total amount to be remitted abroad, without any deductions, as a provisional payment of the total tax due.

The tax basis of shares of common stock received in exchange for ADSs will be the acquisition value of such shares on the date of the exchange. The valuation procedure set forth in the deposit agreement, which values shares of common stock that are being exchanged at the highest price at which they trade on the Santiago Stock Exchange on the date of the exchange, generally will determine the acquisition value for this purpose. Consequently, the conversion of ADSs into shares of common stock and sale of such shares of common stock for the value established under the deposit agreement will not generate a capital gain subject to taxation in Chile.

The distribution and exercise of preemptive rights relating to the shares of common stock will not be subject to Chilean taxation. Amounts received in exchange for the shares or assignment of preemptive rights relating to the shares will be subject to both the first category tax and the Chilean withholding tax (the former being creditable against the latter to the extent described above).

There is an exemption for the payment of income tax by foreign institutional investors such as mutual funds, pension funds and others, that obtain capital gains in the sales through a Chilean stock exchange, a tender offer or any other system authorized by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, of shares of publicly traded corporations that are significantly traded in stock exchanges. The Chilean Internal Revenue Service has not enacted any rule nor issued any ruling about the applicability of this regulation to foreign holders of ADSs.

 

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A foreign institutional investor is an entity that is either:

 

   

a fund that makes public offers of its shares in a country whose public debt has been rated investment grade by an international risk classification agency qualified by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance;

 

   

a fund that is registered with a regulatory entity of a country whose public debt has been rated investment grade by an international risk classification agency qualified by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance, provided that the investments in Chile, including securities issued abroad that represent Chilean securities, held by the fund represent less than 30.0% of its share value;

 

   

a fund that holds investments in Chile that represent less than 30.0% of its share value, provided that it proves that no more than 10.0% of its share value is directly or indirectly owned by Chilean residents;

 

   

a pension fund that is exclusively formed by individuals that receive their pensions on account of capital accumulated in the fund;

 

   

a fund regulated by the Foreign Capital Investment Funds Law, Law No. 18,657, in which case all holders of its shares must reside abroad or be qualified as local institutional investors; or

 

   

another kind of institutional foreign investor that complies with the regulatory requirements of the prior report of the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance and the Chilean Internal Revenue Service.

In order to be entitled to the exemption, foreign institutional investors, during the time in which they operate in Chile, must:

 

   

be organized abroad and not be domiciled in Chile;

 

   

not participate, directly or indirectly, in the control of the issuers of the securities in which it invests and not hold, directly or indirectly, 10.0% or more of such companies’ capital or profits;

 

   

execute an agreement in writing with a Chilean bank or securities broker in which the intermediary is responsible for the execution of purchase and sale orders and for the verification, at the time of the respective remittance, that such remittances relate to capital gains that are exempt from income tax in Chile or, if they are subject to income tax, that the applicable withholdings have been made; and

 

   

register in a special registry with the Chilean Internal Revenue Service.

Also, the sale or disposition of shares of Chilean public corporations that are significantly traded on stock exchanges is exempted from Chilean taxes on capital gains if the sale or disposition was made:

 

   

on a local stock exchange or any other stock exchange authorized by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance or in a tender offer process according to Title XXV of the Chilean Securities Market Law, so long as the shares (a) were purchased on a public stock exchange or in a tender offer process pursuant to Title XXV of the Chilean Securities Market Law, (b) are newly issued shares issued in a capital increase of the corporation, or (c) were the result of the exchange of convertible bonds (in which case the conversion price is considered to be the price of the shares). In this case, gains exempted from Chilean taxes shall be calculated using the criteria set forth in the Chilean Income Tax Law; or

 

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within 90 days after the shares would have ceased to be traded in specified volumes on a stock exchange. In such case, the gains exempted from Chilean taxes on capital gains will be up to the average price per share of the last 90 days. Any gains above the average price will be subject to the first category tax.

Capital gains subject to taxation in Chile may be generated in the case where the sale of the shares is made on a day other than the date in which the exchange is recorded. On October 1, 1999, the Chilean Internal Revenue Service issued Ruling No. 3708, allowing Chilean issuers of ADSs to amend the deposit agreements to which they are parties in order to include a clause that states that, in the case that the exchanged shares are sold by the ADSs’ holders in a Chilean stock exchange, either on the same day in which the exchange is recorded in the shareholders’ registry of the issuer or within the two prior business days to such date, the acquisition price of such exchanged shares shall be the price registered in the invoice issued by the stock broker that participated in the sale transaction. Consequently, should we include this clause in the deposit agreement, the capital gain that may be generated if the exchange date is different than the date in which the shares received in exchange for ADSs were sold, will not be subject to taxation.

Other Chilean Taxes

No Chilean inheritance, gift or succession taxes apply to the transfer or disposition of the ADSs by a foreign holder but such taxes generally will apply to the transfer at death or by a gift of shares of common stock by a foreign holder. No Chilean stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties apply to foreign holders of ADSs or shares of common stock.

United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following discussion summarizes the principal U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment in the ADSs or shares of common stock by a holder that is a citizen or resident of the United States or a U.S. domestic corporation or that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the ADSs or shares of common stock, who is referred to as a U.S. holder, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase ADSs or shares of common stock. In particular, this discussion is directed only to U.S. holders that will hold ADSs or shares of common stock as capital assets and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency, and does not address the tax treatment of U.S. holders that are subject to special tax rules, such as banks, dealers in securities or currencies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, traders in securities electing to mark to market, financial institutions, insurance companies, tax-exempt entities, holders of 10% or more of our voting shares, certain short-term holders of ADSs or shares of common stock, persons holding ADSs or shares of common stock as a position in a “straddle” or conversion transaction, or as part of a “synthetic security” or other integrated financial transaction. Prospective purchasers who are U.S. holders are advised to consult their own tax advisors as to the overall United States federal, state and local tax consequences of their ownership of ADSs and the underlying shares of common stock.

The statements of United States tax laws set out below are based on the laws in force as of the date of this annual report and may be subject to any changes in United States law occurring after such date, including changes that may have retroactive effect.

ADRs

In general, U.S. holders of ADRs evidencing ADSs will be treated, for United States federal income tax purposes, as the beneficial owners of the underlying shares of common stock that are represented by those ADSs and evidenced by those ADRs.

 

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Cash Dividends and Other Distributions

The gross amount of cash dividends paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) with respect to the shares of common stock or ADSs, including the net amount of the Chilean withholding tax withheld on the distribution (after taking into account the credit for the first category tax), will be includable in the gross income of a U.S. holder as foreign source dividend income on the day the dividends are received by the U.S. holder, in the case of shares of common stock, or by the depositary, in the case of shares of common stock represented by ADSs, and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as currently in force. Dividends paid in Chilean pesos will be includable in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the day they are received by the U.S. holder, in the case of shares of common stock, or the depositary, in the case of shares of common stock represented by ADSs. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any Chilean pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to receipt.

Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual prior to January 1, 2011 with respect to the ADSs will be subject to taxation at a reduced rate if the dividends are “qualified dividends.” Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (i) the ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States and (ii) we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. The ADSs are listed on the NYSE and will qualify as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States so long as they are so listed. Based on our audited financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2009 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC for our 2010 taxable year.

Based on existing guidance, it is not entirely clear whether dividends received with respect to the common stock will be treated as qualified dividends, because the common stock is not itself listed on a U.S. exchange. In addition, the U.S. Treasury has announced its intention to promulgate rules pursuant to which holders of ADSs or common stock and intermediaries through whom such securities are held will be permitted to rely on certifications from issuers to establish that dividends are treated as qualified dividends. Because such procedures have not yet been issued, it is not clear whether we will be able to comply with them. Holders of ADSs and common stock should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in the light of their own particular circumstances.

The Chilean withholding tax (after taking into account the credit for the first category tax) will be treated as a foreign income tax that a U.S. holder may elect to deduct in computing its income tax or, subject to generally applicable limitations and conditions under the Internal Revenue Code, to credit against its U.S. federal income tax liability. For purposes of calculating the foreign tax credits, dividends paid on the common stock or ADSs will generally constitute foreign source passive income for U.S. tax purposes. Foreign tax credits will not be allowed for withholding taxes imposed in respect of certain short-term or hedged positions in securities and may not be allowed in respect of arrangements in which a U.S. holder’s expected economic profit is insubstantial. U.S. holders should consult their own advisors concerning the implications of these rules in light of their particular circumstances.

Distributions of additional shares of common stock (or rights to subscribe for shares of common stock) to U.S. holders with respect to the ADSs or shares of common stock that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

A non-U.S. holder, i.e., a holder of shares of common stock or ADSs that is a nonresident alien individual or a foreign corporation generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received on shares of common stock or ADSs, unless that income is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States.

 

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Capital Gains

Gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or shares of common stock will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as a capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the holder’s adjusted basis in the ADSs or the shares of common stock and the amount realized on the disposition. The gain or loss generally will be a capital gain or loss. Capital gains realized by an individual U.S. holder are generally subject to taxation at a reduced rate with respect to property held for more than one year.

Gains realized by a U.S. holder on a sale or other disposition of ADSs or shares of common stock generally will be treated as U.S. source income. Because a U.S. holder generally may not use a foreign tax credit to reduce its U.S. federal income tax liability in respect of its U.S. source income, in the case of a disposition of shares of common stock (which, unlike a disposition of ADSs, would be taxable in Chile), the U.S. holder generally would not be able to utilize foreign tax credits in respect of any Chilean tax imposed on such a disposition unless such holder has other income from foreign sources, in the appropriate category, for purposes of the foreign tax credit limitation rules. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the foreign tax credit limitation rules to their investment in, and disposition of, the ADSs and shares of common stock.

Deposits and withdrawals of shares of common stock by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

A non-U.S. holder of shares of common stock or ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale of shares of common stock or ADSs, unless (1) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States or (2) in the case of gain realized by an individual non-U.S. holder, the non-U.S. holder is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

In general, dividends paid to a U.S. holder and proceeds from a disposition of the ADSs or shares of common stock will be subject to information reporting requirements and the payments may be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax if the U.S. holder does not provide a taxpayer identification number or otherwise establish an exemption. Under certain circumstances, such payments made to a non-U.S. holder also may be subject to U.S. information reporting requirements and U.S. backup withholding tax, unless the holder certifies its non-U.S. status or otherwise establishes an exemption.

The foregoing discussion of Chilean and United States tax considerations is intended only to provide a general description of the principal relevant factors. The discussion is not intended as tax advice to any particular investor, which advice can be rendered only in light of that investor’s particular tax situation. Investors should consult their tax advisors about the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of ADSs or shares of common stock.

Also, the sale or disposition of shares of Chilean public corporations that are significantly traded on stock exchanges is exempted from Chilean taxes on capital gains if the sale or disposition was made:

 

   

on a local stock exchange or any other stock exchange authorized by the Chilean Superintendency of Securities and Insurance or in a tender offer process according to Title XXV of the Chilean Securities Market Law, so long as the shares (a) were purchased on a public stock exchange or in a tender offer process pursuant to Title XXV of the Chilean Securities Market Law, (b) are newly issued shares issued in a capital increase of the corporation, or (c) were the result of the exchange of convertible bonds (in which case the conversion price is considered to be the price of the shares). In this case, gains exempted from Chilean taxes shall be calculated using the criteria set forth in the Chilean Income Tax Law; or

 

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within 90 days after the shares would have ceased to be traded in specified volumes on a stock exchange. In such case, the gains exempted from Chilean taxes on capital gains will be up to the average price per share of the last 90 days. Any gains above the average price will be subject to the first category tax.

Capital gains subject to taxation in Chile may be generated in the case where the sale of the shares is made on a day other than the date in which the exchange is recorded. On October 1, 1999, the Chilean Internal Revenue Service issued Ruling No. 3708, allowing Chilean issuers of ADSs to amend the deposit agreements to which they are parties in order to include a clause that states that, in the case that the exchanged shares are sold by the ADSs’ holders in a Chilean stock exchange, either on the same day in which the exchange is recorded in the shareholders’ registry of the issuer or within the two prior business days to such date, the acquisition price of such exchanged shares shall be the price registered in the invoice issued by the stock broker that participated in the sale transaction. Consequently, should we include this clause in the deposit agreement, the capital gain that may be generated if the exchange date is different than the date in which the shares received in exchange for ADSs were sold, will not be subject to taxation.

Other Chilean Taxes

No Chilean inheritance, gift or succession taxes apply to the transfer or disposition of the ADSs by a foreign holder but such taxes generally will apply to the transfer at death or by a gift of shares of common stock by a foreign holder. No Chilean stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties apply to foreign holders of ADSs or shares of common stock.

DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

The materials included in this annual report on Form 20-F, and exhibits thereto, may be inspected and copied at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a World Wide Web site on the Internet at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports and information statements and other information regarding us. The reports and information statements and other information about us can be downloaded from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website.

 

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Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative information related to market risk, see Note 45 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 12. Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities

 

Item 12A. Debt Securities

Not Applicable.

 

Item 12B. Warrants and Rights

Not Applicable.

 

Item 12C. Other Securities

Not Applicable.

 

Item 12D. American Depositary Shares

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., or the Depositary, serves as the depositary for our ADSs. ADS holders are required to pay various fees to the Depositary, and the Depositary may refuse to provide any service for which a fee is assessed until the applicable fee has been paid.

ADS holders are required to pay the Depositary amounts in respect of expenses incurred by the Depositary or its agents on behalf of ADS holders, including expenses arising from compliance with applicable law, taxes or other governmental charges, facsimile transmission, or conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars.

ADS holders are also required to pay additional fees for certain services provided by the Depositary, as set forth in the table below.

 

Depositary service

 

Fee payable by ADS holders

(a) Issuance and delivery of ADRs against deposits of shares, including deposits in respect of share distributions, rights and other distributions   Up to US$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)
(b) Distribution of dividends   US$0.02 or less per ADS
(c) Withdrawal of shares underlying ADSs   Up to US$5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof)
(d) Transfer, combination and split-up of ADRs   US$1.50 per ADS

The Depositary may sell (by public or private sale) sufficient securities and property received in respect of share distributions, rights and other distributions prior to the deposit of shares to pay the charges described in (a) and (c) of the table above. In addition, the Depositary may deduct from any distributions on or in respect of deposited securities, or may sell by public or private sale for the account of a holder, any part or all of such deposited securities (after attempting by reasonable means to notify the holder prior to such sale), and may apply such deduction or the proceeds of any such sale in payment of any tax or other governmental charge that may become payable by or on behalf of a custodian or the Depositary with respect to any ADR, any deposited securities represented by ADSs or any distribution thereon.

Payments by the Depositary

The Depositary has agreed to reimburse us for certain reasonable expenses related to the ADS program, subject to a cap agreed between the Depositary and us. These reimbursable expenses currently include, but are not limited to, legal fees, NYSE listing fees, investor relations servicing, investor related presentations, ADR-related advertising and public relations in those jurisdictions in which the ADRs may be listed or otherwise quoted for trading, and accountants’ fees in relation to the Bank’s regulatory filings. During the year ended December 31, 2009, such reimbursements totaled US$6,500.

 

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PART II

 

Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies

None.

 

Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds

None.

 

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Item 15. Controls and Procedures

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2009.

There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The company’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;

(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and

(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.

Based on our assessment and those criteria, management believes that the company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009.

(c) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Controls

Ernst & Young Limitada, the independent registered public accounting firm that has audited our financial statements, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. This attestation report appears on page F-3 of our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

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(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2009 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 16. [Reserved]

 

Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert

Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Jorge Awad M., a member of our Directors/Audit Committee who satisfies the independence requirements of both Chilean law and Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of this Item 16A.

 

Item 16B. Code of Ethics

In 2008, we adopted a new Code of Ethics, as defined in Item 16B of Form 20-F under the Exchange Act. In 2008, pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement with Citibank Chile, we modified our Code of Ethics to incorporate the key elements of Citigroup’s Code of Conduct. The Code of Ethics applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and persons performing similar functions, and to all other employees without exception. A current copy of the Code of Ethics is filed as Exhibit 11.1 to this Form 20-F.

 

Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Audit and Non-Audit Fees

The following table sets forth the fees billed to us by our independent auditors, Ernst & Young Limitada, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2008    2009
    

(in millions of Ch$ as of

December 31, 2009)

Audit fees

   Ch$   561    Ch$   487

Audit-related fees

     8      0

Tax fees

     0      0

Other fees

     16      30
             

Total fees

   Ch$   585    Ch$   517
             

“Audit fees” in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Ernst & Young Limitada in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements. This line item includes: (i) reviews and advisory services related to filings with the LSE and the Securities and Exchange Commission, (ii) the statutory audit required by local regulations, and (iii) the audit of the consolidated financial statements required by Item 18 of Form 20-F.

“Audit-related fees” in the above table are fees billed by Ernst & Young Limitada for other expenses related to review of our branches in Chile. This includes travel and subsistence expenses for the audit team.

“Tax fees” in the above table represent fees charged by Ernst & Young Limitada for tax-related services.

 

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“Other fees” in the above table are fees billed by Ernst & Young Limitada related to compensation for research studies during 2008 and 2009, services rendered in connection with the merger of Legg Mason Chile Mutual Funds with Banchile Mutual Funds during 2008, services rendered in connection with the merger of the subsidiaries Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. and Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A., IFRS training and services that were specifically required by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks during 2009.

Directors/Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Auditors are pre-approved by our Directors/Audit Committee, whose main duties are disclosed in “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices.” Furthermore, the selection of external auditors is subject to approval by our shareholders at the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting. All proposed services carried out by our external auditors as well as corresponding fees, related to Audit and Non-Audit Services, have been presented to our Directors/Audit Committee, which has determined they are reasonable and consistent with the Bank’s policies.

 

Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

Mr. Anaya serves on our Directors/Audit Committee in reliance upon the exemption from the independence requirements contained in Rule 10A-3(b)(1)(iv)(D). We do not believe that such reliance would materially adversely affect the ability of the Directors/Audit Committee to act independently and to satisfy the other requirements of Rule 10A-3.

 

Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

We did not make any purchases of our previously issued shares during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009.

 

Item 16F. Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

Not Applicable.

 

Item 16G. Corporate Governance

Pursuant to Section 303A.11 of the Listed Company Manual of the NYSE, we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards. We are a Chilean bank with shares listed on the Santiago Stock Exchange, the LSE and the Latibex and ADSs listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the General Banking Law, the Chilean Corporations Law, the Ley de Mercado de Valores No. 18,045 (the Securities Market Law), and the regulations issued by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks.

The table below discloses the significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards.

 

NYSE Standards

 

Our Corporate Governance Practice

Director Independence. Majority of board of directors must be independent. “Controlled companies,” which would include our company if it were a U.S. issuer, are exempt from this requirement. §303A.01   Pursuant to the General Banking Law, we are not required to make a determination as to the independence of our Directors. However, pursuant to the Chilean Corporations Law, under certain circumstances provided in Article 50bis of such law, we are required to appoint at least one independent director.

 

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NYSE Standards

 

Our Corporate Governance Practice

  The definition of independence applicable to us pursuant to the Chilean Corporations Law differs in certain aspects from the definition applicable to U.S. issuers under the NYSE rules.
  Under the Chilean Corporations Law, as recently amended, there are several factors that must be observed in order to determine whether a director is deemed to be independent. These factors are included in Article 50bis of the Chilean Corporations Law. In addition, under the regulations of the Chilean Superintendency of Banks, members of the Directors/Audit Committee must satisfy international independence criteria set forth by the Board of Directors.
Executive Sessions. Non-management directors must meet regularly in executive sessions without management. Independent directors should meet alone in an executive session at least once a year. §303A.03   There is no similar requirement under our bylaws or under applicable Chilean law.
Audit committee. Audit committee must satisfy the independence and other requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, and the more stringent requirements under the NYSE standards is required. §§303A.06, 303A.07.   We are in compliance with Rule 10A-3. The members of our Directors/Audit Committee are not required to satisfy the NYSE independence and other Audit Committee standards that are not prescribed by Rule 10A-3.
Nominating/corporate governance committee. Nominating/corporate governance committee of independent directors is required. The committee must have a charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee. “Controlled companies,” which would include our company if it were a U.S. issuer, are exempt from these requirements. §303A.04   We are not required to have, and do not have, a nominating/corporate governance committee.
Compensation committee. Compensation committee of independent directors is required, which must approve executive officer compensation. The committee must have a charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee. “Controlled companies,” which would include our company if it were a U.S. issuer, are exempt from this requirement. §303A.05   We are not required to have a compensation committee. Pursuant to the Chilean Corporations Law, our Directors/Audit Committee must approve compensation plans.
Equity compensation plans. Equity compensation plans require shareholder approval, subject to limited exemptions.   Equity compensation plans require shareholder approval, subject to limited exemptions.
Code of Ethics. Corporate governance guidelines and a code of business conduct and ethics is required, with disclosure of any waiver for directors or executive officers. §303A.10   We have adopted a code of ethics applicable to all of our executive officers, a version of which is filed as

 

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NYSE Standards

 

Our Corporate Governance Practice

  an exhibit to this Form 20-F. We are required by Item 16B of Form 20-F to disclose any waivers granted to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and persons performing similar functions. Our Code of Ethics sets forth the principles and values that govern personnel conduct as well as other issues such as conflicts of interests, usage of the privileged information, internal controls for fraud prevention and labor responsibility.

PART III

 

Item 17. Financial Statements

Not applicable.

 

Item 18. Financial Statements

Our audited consolidated financial statements are included in this annual report beginning at page F-1. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

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Item 19. Exhibits

LIST OF EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit

No.

  

Exhibit

  1.1

   Estatutos of Banco de Chile, which serve as our articles of incorporation and bylaws (English translation).

  2.1

   Form of Deposit agreement among Banco de Chile, JPMorgan Chase Bank as depositary, and the holders from time to time of ADSs (incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form F-4 (File No. 333-14020) filed on October 18, 2001).

  2.2

   Form of Foreign Investment Contract among Banco de A. Edwards, Citibank, N.A. and the Central Bank of Chile relating to the foreign exchange treatment of an investment in ADSs, together with an English translation thereof (incorporated by reference to Banco de A. Edwards’ registration statement on Form F-1 (Registration No. 33-97594) filed on September 29, 1995).

  2.3

   Amendment to Foreign Investment Contract among Banco de Chile (as successor to Banco de A. Edwards), Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York and the Central Bank of Chile, dated January 2, 2002, together with an English translation thereof (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2001, and incorporated herein by reference).

  3.1

   Master Joint Venture Agreement between Quiñenco S.A., Citigroup, Inc. and Citibank Overseas Investment Corporation, dated July 19, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  3.2

   Shareholders Agreement between Quiñenco, S.A., Citigroup Chile S.A. and the minority shareholders of LQIF, dated December 27, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  3.3

   Amendment to the Master Joint Venture Agreement between Quiñenco S.A., Citigroup, Inc. and Citibank Overseas Investment Corporation, dated December 19, 2008 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.1

   Merger Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile, dated December 26, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.2

   Cooperation Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated December 27, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.3

   Global Connectivity Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated December 27, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

 

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  4.4

   Asset Purchase Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citibank, N.A., dated December 31, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.5

   Trademark License Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated December 27, 2007 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.6

   First Supplementary Agreement to the Cooperation Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated February 27, 2009 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.7

   First Supplementary Agreement to the Global Connectivity Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated February 27, 2009 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.8

   Amendment to the Trademark License Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup Inc., dated February 27, 2009 (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).

  4.9

   Master Services Agreement between Banco de Chile and Citigroup, Inc., dated September 25, 2009.

  8.1

   List of subsidiaries.

11.1

   Code of Professional Ethics (English translation) (filed as an exhibit to our annual report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-15266) for the year ended December 31, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference).

12.1

   Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

12.2

   Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

13.1

   Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Omitted from the exhibits filed with this annual report are certain instruments and agreements with respect to our long-term debt, none of which authorizes securities in a total amount that exceeds 10% of our total assets. We hereby agree to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission copies of any such omitted instruments or agreements as the Securities and Exchange Commission requests.

 

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Consolidated Financial Statements

BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009

Index

 

F-2 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-3 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
F-5 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
F-6 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
F-8 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
F-9 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
F-10 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Ch$ or CLP    =    Chilean pesos
MCh$    =    Millions of Chilean pesos
US$ or USD    =    U.S. dollars
ThUS$    =    Thousands of U.S. dollars
JPY    =    Japanese yen
EUR    =    Euro
U.F. or CLF    =    Unidad de fomento
      (The unidad de fomento is an inflation-indexed, Chilean peso denominated monetary unit set daily in advance on the basis of the previous month’s inflation rate).


Table of Contents

BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

 

          Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm    F  -  2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting    F  -  3
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position    F  -  5
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income    F  -  6
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity    F  -  8
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows    F  -  9
1.    Company Information:    F - 10
2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Principles:    F - 10
3.    Accounting Changes:    F - 35
4.    Business Combinations:    F - 36
5.    First-time Adoption:    F - 37
6.    Relevant Events:    F - 42
7.    Segment Reporting:    F - 44
8.    Discontinued Operations:    F - 51
9.    Cash and Cash Equivalents:    F - 52
10.    Financial Assets Held-for-Trading:    F - 53
11.    Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending and Borrowing:    F - 54
12.    Derivative Instruments and Accounting Hedges:    F - 55
13.    Loans and Advance to Banks:    F - 59
14.    Loans to Customers, net:    F - 60
15.    Financial Assets Available-for-sale:    F - 66
16.    Investments in Other Companies:    F - 67
17.    Intangible Assets:    F - 69
18.    Property and Equipment:    F - 72
19.    Investment Properties:    F - 74
20.    Current Taxes and Deferred Taxes:    F - 74
21.    Other Assets:    F - 77
22.    Current Accounts and Other Demand Deposits:    F - 78
23.    Saving Accounts and Time Deposits:    F - 78
24.    Borrowings from Financial Institutions:    F - 79
25.    Debt Issued:    F - 80
26.    Other Financial Obligations:    F - 81
27.    Provisions:    F - 82
28.    Employee Benefits:    F - 83
29.    Other Liabilities:    F - 84
30.    Contingencies and Commitments:    F - 85
31.    Equity:    F - 87
32.    Interest Revenue and Expenses:    F - 89
33.    Income and Expenses from Fees and Commissions:    F - 90
34.    Net Financial Operating Income:    F - 90
35.    Foreign Exchange Transaction, net:    F - 91
36.    Provisions for Loan Losses:    F - 92
37.    Personnel Expenses:    F - 94
38.    Administrative Expenses:    F - 94
39.    Depreciation, Amortization and Impairment:    F - 95
40.    Other Operating Income:    F - 95
41.    Other Operating Expenses:    F - 96
42.    Related Party Transactions:    F - 96
43.    Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities:    F-101
44.    Maturity of Assets and Liabilities:    F-107
45.    Risk Management:    F-111
46.    Merger Expenses:    F-146
47.    New Accounting Pronouncements:    F-146
48.    Subsequent Events:    F-150

 

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Table of Contents
LOGO    Ernst & Young Chile

Huérfanos 770, piso 5

Santiago

   Tel: 56 2 676 1000

Fax: 56 2 676 1010

www.ey.com/cl

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Banco de Chile:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Banco de Chile and its subsidiaries (the “Bank”) which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and January 1, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2009. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Banco de Chile and subsidiaries at December 31, 2009 and 2008 and January 1, 2008, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 25, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

ERNST & YOUNG LIMITADA

Santiago, Chile, June 25, 2010

 

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LOGO    Ernst & Young Chile

Huérfanos 770, piso 5

Santiago

   Tel: 56 2 676 1000

Fax: 56 2 676 1010

www.ey.com/cl

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Banco de Chile:

We have audited Banco de Chile and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Banco de Chile’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

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LOGO    Ernst & Young Chile

Huérfanos 770, piso 5

Santiago

   Tel: 56 2 676 1000

Fax: 56 2 676 1010

www.ey.com/cl

In our opinion, Banco de Chile maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the 2009 consolidated financial statements of Banco de Chile and our report dated June 25, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

ERNST & YOUNG LIMITADA

Santiago, Chile, June 25, 2010

 

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BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in millions of Chilean pesos)

 

     Notes    January 1,
2008

MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    2009
ThUS$
 

ASSETS

           

Cash and due from banks

   9    331,517      751,223      727,553      1,436,631   

Transactions in the course of collection

   9    542,579      807,625      526,051      1,038,744   

Financial assets held-for-trading

   10    928,634      626,864      351,590      694,252   

Receivables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Borrowing

   11    69,130      75,519      79,401      156,786   

Derivative instruments

   12    81,048      902,351      565,986      1,117,600   

Loans and advance to banks

   13    278,591      321,992      448,981      886,561   

Loans to customers, net

   14    10,424,603      13,460,464      12,879,155      25,431,264   

Financial assets available-for-sale

   15    1,062      1,073,552      1,267,774      2,503,355   

Investments in other companies

   16    7,942      11,293      10,494      20,722   

Intangible assets

   17    25,520      94,324      88,182      174,125   

Property and equipment

   18    199,403      211,379      205,847      406,467   

Investment properties

   19    16,459      18,397      17,840      35,227   

Current tax assets

   20    —        —        —        —     

Deferred tax assets, net

   20    16,033      21,868      49,733      98,203   

Assets classified as held-for-sale

   8    413,062      —        —        —     

Other assets

   21    449,798      251,487      282,872      558,561   
                           

TOTAL ASSETS

      13,785,381      18,628,338      17,501,459      34,558,498   
                           

LIABILITIES

           

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   22    2,285,357      3,007,261      3,718,076      7,341,737   

Transactions in the course of payment

   9    308,623      479,789      325,056      641,858   

Payables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending

   11    355,183      420,658      308,028      608,234   

Saving accounts and time deposits

   23    6,393,113      8,472,590      7,427,481      14,666,353   

Derivative instruments

   12    120,162      863,514      538,240      1,062,812   

Borrowings from financial institutions

   24    857,329      1,498,549      1,368,226      2,701,708   

Debt issued

   25    1,615,927      1,900,087      1,587,998      3,135,671   

Other financial obligations

   26    63,041      93,708      176,150      347,827   

Current tax liabilities

   20    5,922      9,053      39,018      77,045   

Deferred tax liabilities, net

   20    —        —        —        —     

Provisions

   27    79,090      121,215      88,607      174,964   

Employee benefits

   28    34,991      45,912      43,202      85,307   

Liabilities classified as held-for-sale

   8    385,408      —        —        —     

Other liabilities

   29    228,656      210,684      280,392      553,668   
                           

TOTAL LIABILITIES

      12,732,802      17,123,020      15,900,474      31,397,184   
                           

EQUITY

           

Attributable to equity holders of the parent:

           

Capital

      811,330      1,106,491      1,158,752      2,288,079   

Reserves

      1,176      84,890      185,207      365,711   

Other comprehensive income

      (4,055   (14,320   8,780      17,337   

Retained earnings:

           

Retained earnings from previous periods

      72,713      72,713      65,023      128,394   

Income for the year

      242,288      365,052      261,744      516,841   

Less:

           

Provision for minimum dividends

      (70,874   (109,516   (78,524   (155,054

Non-controlling interest

      1      8      3      6   
                           

TOTAL EQUITY

   31    1,052,579      1,505,318      1,600,985      3,161,314   
                           

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

      13,785,381      18,628,338      17,501,459      34,558,498   
                           

 

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BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in million of Chilean pesos)

 

     Notes    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    2009
ThUS$
 

A.     STATEMENT OF INCOME

         

Interest revenue

   32    1,659,350      900,407      1,777,949   

Interest expense

   32    (893,081   (232,028   (458,164
                     

Net interest income

      766,269      668,379      1,319,785   
                     

Income from fees and commissions

   33    275,891      296,009      584,501   

Expenses from fees and commissions

   33    (40,702   (44,793   (88,449
                     

Net fees and commissions income

      235,189      251,216      496,052   
                     

Net financial operating income

   34    384,836      (138,179   (272,849

Foreign exchange transaction, net

   35    (353,012   220,999      436,386   

Other operating income

   40    30,937      22,190      43,816   
                     

Total operating revenues

      1,064,219      1,024,605      2,023,190   

Provisions for loan losses

   36    (149,374   (241,345   (476,561
                     

OPERATING REVENUES, NET OF PROVISIONS FOR LOAN LOSSES

      914,845      783,260      1,546,629   

Personnel expenses

   37    (305,555   (256,782   (507,043

Administrative expenses

   38    (176,564   (167,214   (330,182

Depreciation and amortization

   39    (39,070   (36,447   (71,968

Other operating expenses

   41    (35,312   (21,522   (42,497
                     

TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES

      (556,501   (481,965   (951,690
                     

NET OPERATING INCOME

      358,344      301,295      594,939   

Income attributable to associates

   16    3,564      840      1,659   
                     

Income before income taxes

      361,908      302,135      596,598   

Income taxes

   20    (35,313   (40,389   (79,753
                     

NET INCOME FROM CONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES

      326,595      261,746      516,845   
                     

NET INCOME FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES

      38,459      —        —     
                     

NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR

      365,054      261,746      516,845   
                     

Attributable to:

         

Equity holders of the parent

      365,052      261,744      516,841   

Non-controlling interest

      2      2      4   

Net income per share from continued operations attributable to equity holders of the parent:

      $      $      US$   

Basic net income

      4.04      3.18      0.007   

Diluted net income

      4.04      3.18      0.007   

Net income per share from discontinued operations attributable to equity holders of the parent:

         

Basic net income

      0.48      —        —     

Diluted net income

      0.48      —        —     

 

The accompanying notes 1 to 48 are an

integral part of these consolidated financial statements

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BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in million of Chilean pesos)

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    2009
ThUS$
 

B.     CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

      

NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR

   365,054      261,746      516,845   

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

      

Net unrealized gains (losses):

      

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale instruments

   (17,292   27,941      55,172   

Cumulative translation adjustment

   4,087      (91   (180
                  

Other comprehensive income before income taxes

   (13,205   27,850      54,992   

Income tax related to other comprehensive income

   2,940      (4,750   (9,379
                  

Total other comprehensive income items

   (10,265   23,100      45,613   
                  

TOTAL CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

   354,789      284,846      562,458   
                  

Attributable to:

      

Equity holders of the parent

   354,787      284,844      562,454   

Non-controlling interest

   2      2      4   

Comprehensive net income per share from continued operations attributable to equity holders of the parent:

   $      $      US$   

Basic net income

   4.39      3.47      0.007   

Diluted net income

   4.39      3.47      0.007   

Comprehensive net income per share from discontinued operations attributable to equity holders of the parent:

      

Basic net income

   —        —        —     

Diluted net income

   —        —        —     

 

The accompanying notes 1 to 48 are an

integral part of these consolidated financial statements

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BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in million of Chilean pesos)

 

          Reserves    Other comprehensive income     Retained earnings              
     Paid-in
Capital
  

Other

reserves

    Reserves
from
earnings
   Unrealized gains
(losses) on
available-for-sale
    Cumulative
translation
adjustment
    Retained
earnings
from previous
periods
    Income for the
year
    Provision for
minimum
dividends
    Attributable to
equity holders of
the parent
    Non-controlling
interest
    Total
equity
 
     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$  

Balances as of January 1, 2008

   811,330    (84,738   85,914    —        (4,055   72,713      242,288      (70,874   1,052,578      1      1,052,579   

Capital increase as result of the business combinations

   277,791    83,714      —      —        —        —        22,175      —        383,680      9      383,689   

Subscription and payment of shares

   17,370    —        —      —        —        —        —        —        17,370      —        17,370   

Dividends paid

   —      —        —      —        —        —        (264,463   70,874      (193,589   —        (193,589

Cumulative translation adjustment

   —      —        —      —        4,087      —        —        —        4,087      —        4,087   

Valuation adjustment on available-for- sale instruments (net)

   —      —        —      (14,352   —        —        —        —        (14,352   —        (14,352

Merger of subsidiaries

   —      —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        (4   (4

Income for the year

   —      —        —      —        —        —        365,052      —        365,052      2      365,054   

Provision for minimum dividends

   —      —        —      —        —        —        —        (109,516   (109,516   —        (109,516
                                                                

Balances as of December 31, 2008

   1,106,491    (1,024   85,914    (14,352   32      72,713      365,052      (109,516   1,505,310      8      1,505,318   
                                                                

Capitalization of retained earnings

   52,261    100,317      —      —        —        (7,690   (144,888   —        —        —        —     

Dividends paid

   —      —        —      —        —        —        (220,164   109,516      (110,648   —        (110,648

Cumulative translation adjustment

   —      —        —      —        (91   —        —        —        (91   —        (91

Valuation adjustment on available-for-sale instruments (net)

   —      —        —      23,191      —        —        —        —        23,191      —        23,191   

Merger of subsidiaries

   —      —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        (7   (7

Income for the year

      —        —      —        —        —        261,744      —        261,744      2      261,746   

Provision for minimum dividends

   —      —        —      —        —        —        —        (78,524   (78,524   —        (78,524
                                                                

Balances as of December 31, 2009

   1,158,752    99,293      85,914    8,839      (59   65,023      261,744      (78,524   1,600,982      3      1,600,985   
                                                                

 

The accompanying notes 1 to 48 are an

integral part of these consolidated financial statements

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Table of Contents

BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in million of Chilean pesos)

 

          2008     2009     2009  
     Notes    MCh$     MCh$     ThUS$  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

         

Net income for the year

      365,054      261,746      516,845   

Items that do not represent cash flows:

         

Depreciation and amortization

   39    39,070      36,447      71,968   

Provision for loan losses

   36    189,022      268,224      529,637   

Fair value adjustment of Financial assets held-for-trading

      (2,836   5,669      11,194   

(Income) loss attributable to associates

   16    (3,324   (576   (1,137

Net (gain) on sales of assets received in lieu of payment

   34    (7,570   (5,212   (10,292

Net (gain) loss on sales of property and equipment

      118      (83   (164

Other credits which do not represent cash flows

      (92,234   (87,379   (172,539

Net changes in interest and fee accruals

      (203,828   23,727      46,851   

Changes in assets and liabilities that affect operating cash flows:

         

(Increase) decrease in loans and advances to banks, net

      202,577      (127,011   (250,797

(Increase) decrease in loans to customers, net

      (1,535,747   319,902      631,681   

(Increase) decrease in Financial assets held-for-trading, net

      423,289      289,816      572,273   

Increase (decrease) in current accounts and other demand deposits

      110,139      711,326      1,404,589   

Increase (decrease) in payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

      27,748      (112,602   (222,345

Increase (decrease) in saving accounts and time deposits

      1,003,026      (880,371   (1,738,386
                     

Total cash flows from operating activities

      514,504      703,623      1,389,378   
                     

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

         

(Increase) decrease in financial assets available-for-sale

      (859,655   (183,233   (361,813

Purchases of property and equipment

   18    (16,565   (15,325   (30,261

Proceeds from sales of property and equipment

      778      326      644   

Payments for business combinations, net of cash acquired

      285,583      —        —     

Proceeds from sale of US branches

      64,596      —        —     

Investments in other companies

      (6,311   —        —     

Proceeds from sale investment in other companies

   16    (1,785   169      334   

Dividends received from investments in other companies

   16    1,015      1,002      1,979   

Proceeds from sale of assets received in lieu of payment

      12,040      8,695      17,169   

(Increase) decrease in other assets and liabilities

      (92,960   (226,460   (447,169
                     

Total cash flows from investing activities

      (613,264   (414,826   (819,117
                     

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

         

Increase (decrease) in borrowings from financial institutions

      214,723      181,670      358,727   

Increase (decrease) in other financial obligations

      (86,427   81,740      161,404   

Borrowings from Central Bank (long-term)

      470      130      257   

Payment of borrowings from Central Bank (long-term)

      (769   (315   (622

Long-term foreign borrowings

      1,666,426      905,831      1,788,660   

Payment of long-term foreign borrowings

      (1,176,750   (1,165,972   (2,302,336

Other long-term borrowings

      40,970      30,201      59,635   

Payment of other long-term borrowings

      (617   (27,926   (55,143

Increase in mortgage finance bonds

      3,487      416      821   

Repayment of mortgage finance bonds

      (96,439   (60,094   (118,662

Proceeds from bond issuances

   25    211,126      21,137      41,737   

Redemption from bond issuances

      (21,778   (154,822   (305,713

Subscription and payment of shares

      17,370      —        —     

Dividends paid

      (264,463   (220,164   (434,737
                     

Total cash flows from financing activities

      507,329      (408,168   (805,972
                     

TOTAL NET POSITIVE (NEGATIVE) CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR

      408,569      (119,371   (235,711

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

      798,988      1,207,557      2,384,450   
                     

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   9    1,207,557      1,088,186      2,148,739   
                     

 

The accompanying notes 1 to 48 are an

integral part of these consolidated financial statements

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Table of Contents

BANCO DE CHILE AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009

(Expressed in million of Chilean pesos)

 

 

1. Company Information:

Banco de Chile, resulting from the merger of Banco Nacional de Chile, Banco Agrícola and Banco de Valparaíso, was formed on October 28, 1893 in the city of Santiago, in the presence of the Notary Eduardo Reyes Lavalle.

Banco de Chile (“Banco de Chile” or the “Bank”) is a Corporation organized under the laws of the Republic of Chile, regulated by the Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions (“SBIF”). Since 2001 – when the Bank was first listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), in the course of its American Depository Receipt (ADR) program, which is also registered at the London Stock Exchange – Banco de Chile additionally follows the regulations published by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Banco de Chile’s shares are also listed on the Latinamerican securities market of the Madrid Stock Exchange (“LATIBEX”).

Banco de Chile offers a broad range of banking services to its customers, ranging from individuals to large corporations. The services are managed in large corporate banking, middle and small corporate banking, personal banking services and retail. Additionally, the Bank offers international as well as treasury banking services. The Bank’s subsidiaries provide other services including securities brokerage, mutual fund management, factoring, insurance brokerage, financial advisory and securitization.

Banco de Chile’s legal domicile is Ahumada 251, Santiago, Chile and its Web site is www.bancochile.cl.

The consolidated financial statements of the Group for the year ended December 31, 2009 were authorized for issuance in accordance with the directors’ resolution on June 25, 2010.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles:

 

  (a) Basis of preparation:

The Bank’s consolidated financial statements for the year 2008 and 2009 have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the IASB.

The consolidated financial statements comprise the consolidated income statement and statement of comprehensive income, the statements of financial position, changes in equity and cash flows and the related notes. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for available-for-sale financial assets, financial assets and financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss and derivative contracts, which have been measured at fair value.

Banco de Chile and subsidiaries classify its expenses according to the nature of expense method.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (a) Basis of preparation, continued:

The consolidated statement of cash flows shows the changes in cash and cash equivalents arising from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities during the period.

 

  (b) Basis of consolidation:

The financial statements of Banco de Chile as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 have been consolidated with those of its subsidiaries.

 

  (i) Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Bank which is the parent of the group. The Bank controls entities when it has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity, generally accompanying a shareholding, either directly or indirectly, of more than one half of the voting rights. The existence of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Bank controls an entity.

The financial statements of the subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date control is obtained until the loss of control. The financial statements have been prepared using uniform accounting policies for similar transactions and other events under equivalent circumstances.

 

  (ii) Associates

An associate is an entity over which’s operating and financial management policy decisions the Bank has significant influence, yet in which it does not hold a controlling interest. Significant influence is generally presumed when the Bank holds between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. The existence of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Bank has significant influence. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method. Other factors considered when determining whether the Bank has significant influence over another entity are the representation on the board of directors and the existence of material intercompany transactions. The existence of these factors could require the application of the equity method for a particular investment even though the Bank’s holdings are for less than 20% of the voting stock.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (b) Basis of consolidation, continued:

 

  (ii) Associates, continued

 

According to the equity method, the Bank’s investments in associates are initially recorded at cost, and subsequently increased (or decreased) to reflect both the Bank’s prorata share of the post-acquisition net income (or loss) of the associate and other movements directly recognized in the associate´s equity. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of an associate is included in the carrying value of the investment (net of any accumulated impairment loss). Since goodwill is not reported separately associates are not tested individually for impairment. Rather, the entire investment is tested for impairment as follows.

After the application of the equity method, the Bank determines whether it is necessary to recognize an additional impairment loss on the Bank’s investment in its associates. The Bank determines at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that the investment in the associate is impaired. If this is the case, the Bank calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the associate and its carrying value and recognizes the amount in its income statement.

 

  (iii) Special purpose entities

Special purpose entities (SPEs) are generally created to comply with a specific and well-defined objective, such as securitizing specific assets or carrying out a specific loan transaction. A SPE is consolidated if, based on an assessment of its relationship with the Bank and the risks and benefits of the SPE, the Bank concludes that it has control. As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not control any SPEs.

 

  (iv) Fund management

The Bank manages assets maintained in common investment funds and other investment products on behalf of investors. The financial statements of these entities are not included in these consolidated financial statements except when the Bank controls the entity. The Bank does not control or consolidate any of these funds.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (b) Basis of consolidation, continued:

 

  (v) Subsidiaries:

The following table details the entities in which the Bank—directly or indirectly – owns a controlling interest and that are therefore consolidated in these financial statements:

 

             Functional   Interest Owned
Rut    Subsidiaries   Country   Currency   Direct    Indirect    Total
                

January 1,
2008

%

  

2008

%

  

2009

%

  

January 1,
2008

%

   2008
%
   2009
%
  

January 1,
2008

%

  

2008

%

  

2009

%

41,203,351-5

   Banco de Chile Sucursal New York   USA   US$   100.00    —      —      —      —      —      100.00    —      —  

41,203,350-7

   Banco de Chile Sucursal Miami   USA   US$   100.00    —      —      —      —      —      100.00    —      —  

44,000,213-7

   Banchile Trade Services Limited   Hong Kong   US$   100.00    100.00    100.00    —      —      —      100.00    100.00    100.00

96,767,630-6

   Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.   Chile   $   99.98    99.98    99.98    0.02    0.02    0.02    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,543,250-7

   Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A.   Chile   $   99.96    99.96    99.96    —      —      —      99.96    99.96    99.96

77,191,070-K

   Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda.   Chile   $   99.75    99.83    99.83    0.25    0.17    0.17    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,894,740-0

   Banchile Factoring S.A.   Chile   $   99.75    99.75    99.75    0.25    0.25    0.25    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,571,220-8

   Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. (*)   Chile   $   99.68    99.68    99.70    0.32    0.32    0.30    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,932,010-K

   Banchile Securitizadora S.A.   Chile   $   99.00    99.00    99.00    1.00    1.00    1.00    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,645,790-2

   Socofin S.A.   Chile   $   99.00    99.00    99.00    1.00    1.00    1.00    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,510,950-1

   Promarket S.A.   Chile   $   99.00    99.00    99.00    1.00    1.00    1.00    100.00    100.00    100.00

96,942,770-2

   Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. (*)   Chile   $   —      99.90    —      —      —      —      —      99.90    —  

 

(*) See Note 6 (e).

Significant intercompany transactions and balances between the Bank and its subsidiaries and among its subsidiaries have been eliminated for consolidation purposes. Any non-controlling interest is recognized as a separate item within the Bank’s consolidated equity.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (c) Non-controlling interest:

Non-controlling interest represents the share of losses, income and net assets that the Bank does not control, neither directly nor indirectly. It is presented as a separate item in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.

 

  (d) Use of estimates and judgment:

Preparing financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimations and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the valuation of assets, liabilities, income and expenses presented. Real results could differ from these estimated amounts.

Relevant estimates and assumptions are reviewed regularly by the upper management in order to quantify certain assets, liabilities, income, expenses and uncertainties. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the year in which the estimate is revised and in any future period that is affected.

Some accounting matters particularily underlie uncertainties and therefore require a considerable degree of estimation and critical judgment when applying accounting policies. Details on the use of estimates and judgment and their effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statement are included in the following notes:

 

   

Provisions for loan losses

 

   

Impairment of other financial assets

 

   

Impairment of non-financial assets

 

   

Employee benefits

 

   

Useful lives of property, equipment and intangible assets

 

   

Goodwill valuation

 

   

Commitments and contingencies

 

   

Fair value of financial assets and liabilities

 

   

Deferred taxes

 

  (e) Financial asset and liability valuation criteria:

Measurement is the process of determining the monetary amounts at which the elements of the financial statements are to be recognized and carried in the Statement of Financial Position and the Comprehensive Income. This involves selecting the particular basis or method of measurement.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (e) Financial asset and liability valuation criteria, continued:

 

These bases or methods include the following:

 

  (i) Recognition

Initially, the Bank and its subsidiaries recognize loans to customers, trading and investment securities, deposits, debt issued and subordinate liabilities on the date they originated. Purchases and sales of financial assets performed on a regular basis are recognized as of the trade date on which the Bank committed to purchase or sell the asset. All other assets and liabilities (including assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss) are initially recognized as of the trade date on which the Bank becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets or liabilities are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs directly attributable to their purchase or issuance.

 

  (ii) Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities

The Bank and its subsidiaries derecognize a financial asset (or where applicable part of a financial asset) from its Statement of Financial Position when the contractual rights to the cash flows of the financial asset have expired or when the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset are transferred during a transaction in which all ownership risks and rewards of the financial asset are transferred. Any portion of transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Bank is recognized as a separate asset or liability. The bank does not enter into ‘pass-through’- arrangements.

When the Bank transfers a financial asset, it assesses to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. In this case:

 

  (a) If substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset have been transferred, it is derecognized and any rights or obligations created or retained upon transfer are recognized separately as assets or liabilities.

 

  (b) If substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset have been retained, the Bank continues to recognize it.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (e) Financial asset and liability valuation criteria, continued:

 

  (ii) Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities, continued

 

  (c) If substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are neither transferred nor retained, the Bank will determine if it has retained control of the financial asset. In this case:

 

  (i) If it has not retained control, the financial asset will be derecognized and any rights or obligations created or retained upon transfer will be recognized separately as assets or liabilities.

 

  (ii) If the entity has retained control, it will continue to recognize the financial asset to the extent of its continuing involvement in the financial asset.

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.

If an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of the existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the income statement.

 

  (iii) Offsetting

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Statement of Financial Position if, and only if, the Bank has the legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realize an asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Income and expenses are shown net only if accounting standards allow such treatment, or in the case of gains and losses arising from a group of similar transactions such as the Bank’s trading activities.

 

  (iv) Valuation at amortized cost

Amortized cost is the amount at which a financial asset or liability is measured at initial recognition minus principal repayments, plus or minus the cumulative amortization (calculated using the effective interest rate method) of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount and minus any reduction for impairment.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (e) Financial asset and liability valuation criteria, continued:

 

  (v) Fair value measurements

Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction.

When available, the Bank estimates the fair value of an instrument using quoted prices in an active market for that instrument. A market is considered active if quoted prices are readily and regularly available and represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm’s length basis.

If a market for a financial instrument is not active, the Bank establishes fair value using a valuation technique. These valuation techniques include the use of recent market transactions between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm’s length transaction, if available, as well as references to the fair value of other instruments that are substantially the same, discounted cash flows and options pricing models.

The chosen valuation technique makes maximum use of observable market data, relies as little as possible on estimates performed by the Bank, incorporates factors that market participants would consider in setting a price and is consistent with accepted economic methodologies for pricing financial instruments. Inputs into valuation technique reasonably represent market expectations and include risk and return factors that are inherent in the financial instrument. Periodically, the Bank calibrates the valuation technique and tests it for validity using prices from observable current market transactions in the same instrument or based on any available observable market data.

The best evidence of the fair value of a financial instrument at initial recognition is the transaction price (i.e. the fair value of the consideration given or received) unless the fair value of that instrument is evidenced by comparison with other observable current market transactions in the same instrument (i.e. without modification or repackaging) or based on a valuation technique whose variables include only data from observable markets. When transaction price provides the best evidence of fair value at initial recognition, the financial instrument is initially measured at the transaction price and any difference between this price and the value initially obtained from a valuation model is subsequently recognized in income depending on the individual facts and circumstances of the transaction but not later than the valuation is supported wholly by observable market data or the transaction is closed out.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (e) Financial asset and liability valuation criteria, continued:

 

  (v) Fair value measurements, continued

 

Generally, the Bank has assets and liabilities that offset each other’s market risks. In these cases, average market prices are used as a basis for establishing these values. In the case of open positions, the Bank applies the current offer or buyer price, as appropriate, for the net open position. Fair values reflect the credit risk of the instrument and include adjustments to account for the credit risk of the issuer, as appropriate.

Fair value estimates obtained from models are adjusted for any other factors, such as liquidity risk or model uncertainties; to the extent that the Bank believes that a third-party market participant would take them into account in pricing a transaction.

When the transaction price is different to the fair value from other observable current market transactions in the same instrument or based on a valuation technique whose variables include only data from observable markets, the Bank immediately recognizes the difference between the transaction price and fair value (a “Day 1” profit or loss) in “Net financial operating income”. In cases where fair value is determined using data which is not observable, the difference between the transaction price and model value is only recognized in the income statement when the inputs become observable, or when the document is derecognized.

The Bank’s fair value disclosures are included in Note 43.

 

  (f) Transactions in foreign currency:

 

  (i) Presentation and functional currency

The items included in the financial statements of each of the entities of Banco de Chile and its subsidiaries are valued using the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates (functional currency). The functional currency of Banco de Chile is the Chilean peso, which is also the currency used to present the entity’s consolidated financial statements.

 

  (ii) Transactions and balances

Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are considered to be in foreign currency and are initially recorded at the exchange rate of the functional currency on the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted using the exchange rate of the functional currency as of the date of the Statement of Financial Position. All differences are recorded as a charge or credit to income.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (f) Transactions in foreign currency, continued:

 

  (ii) Transactions and balances, continued

 

Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are shown at their equivalent value in Chilean pesos, calculated using the following exchange rates as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, Ch$495.82, Ch$629.11 and Ch$506.43 to US$1, Ch$4.47, Ch$6.98 and Ch$5.51 per JPY1, Ch$725.73, Ch$889.33 and Ch$727.21 per Euro1.

The loss of MCh$353,012 in 2008 and the income of MCh$220,999 in 2009 for net foreign exchange income shown in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, includes recognition of the effects of exchange rates variations on assets and liabilities in foreign currency or indexed to exchange rates, and the result of foreign exchange transactions conducted by the Bank and its subsidiaries.

 

  (g) Segment reporting:

The Bank’s operating segments are defined based on its different business units, considering the following factors:

 

  (i) That it develops business activities from which income is obtained and expenses are incurred (including income and expenses relating to transactions with other components of the same entity).

 

  (ii) That its operating results are reviewed regularly by the entity’s highest decision-making authority for operating decisions, to decide about resource allocation for the segment and evaluate its performance; and

 

  (iii) That separate financial information is available.

 

  (h) Cash and cash equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents correspond to the account “Cash and due from banks”, plus (minus) the net balance of transactions in the course of collection that are shown in the Consolidated Statement Financial Position, plus short-term repurchase agreements. It also includes investments in fixed-income mutual funds that are presented in “Other Assets” in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (i) Financial assets held-for-trading:

Financial assets held-for-trading consist of debt instruments, including money-market paper, traded corporate and bank loans, and equity instruments, as well as financial assets with embedded derivatives acquired in order to generate profits from short-term price fluctuations or as a result of brokerage activities, or which are part of a portfolio on which a short-term profit-generating pattern exists.

Financial assets held-for-trading are stated at their fair market value as of the Statement of Financial Position date. Gains or losses from their fair market value adjustments, as well as gains or losses from trading activities, are included in “Net financial operating income” in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. Dividends, interest and indexations are reported as “Net financial operating income”.

All purchases and sales of financial assets held-for-trading that must be executed within the period established by market regulations or conventions are recorded using the trade date, which is the date on which the purchase or sale of the asset is committed. Any other purchase or sale is treated as a derivative (forward) until settlement occurs.

 

  (j) Repurchase agreements and security lending and borrowing transactions:

The Bank engages in transactions with repurchase agreements as a form of investment. The securities purchased under these agreements are not recognized on the Bank’s Statement of Financial Position. The consideration paid is recognized under “Receivables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending” reflecting the transaction’s economic substance as a loan granted by the Bank. The difference between the purchase and resale price is recorded in “Net Interest Income” and is accrued over the duration of the agreement using its effective interest rate. This treatment reflects the economic substance as a loan to the Bank.

The Bank also enters into security repurchase agreements as a form of financing. The securities sold under agreement to repurchase at a specific date in the future are not derecognized from the Statement of Financial Position as the Bank retains all the risks and rewards of ownership. The corresponding cash received is recognized in the balance sheet as an asset with a corresponding obligation to return it, including accrued interest, as a liability within “Payables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending”. The difference between the sale and repurchase price is treated as “Interest Expense” and is accrued over the duration of the agreement using the effective interest rate.

The treatment of security lending and borrowing transactions follows the principles laid out above. Securities borrowed are not recorded on and, securities lent are not derecognized from the Statement of Financial Position.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (k) Derivative instruments:

Derivative instruments, which include foreign currency and U.F. forwards, interest rate forwards, currency and interest rate swaps, currency and interest rate options and other financial derivative instruments, are recorded in the Statement of Financial Position at fair value regardless of whether they are held-for-trading or for non-trading purposes.

The fair value is obtained from market quotes, discounted cash flows models and options valuation models, as and where applicable. Derivative contracts are reported as an asset when their fair value is positive and as a liability when negative under the item “Derivative Instruments”.

Certain embedded derivatives in other financial instruments are treated as separate derivatives when their risk and characteristics are not closely related to those of the main contract and if the contract in its entirety is not recorded at its fair value with its unrealized gains and losses included in income.

At inception, a derivative contract must be designated by the Bank as a derivative instrument for trading or hedging purposes.

Changes in the fair value of derivative contracts maintained for trading purposes are included in “Net financial operating income”, in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

If a derivative instrument is classified as a hedging instrument, it can be:

 

  (1) A hedge of the fair value of existing assets or liabilities or firm commitments, or

 

  (2) A hedge of cash flows related to existing assets or liabilities or forecasted transactions.

A hedge relationship for hedge accounting purposes must comply with all of the following conditions:

 

  (a) at the inception, the hedge relationship has been formally documented;

 

  (b) it is expected that the hedge would be highly effective;

 

  (c) the effectiveness of the hedge can be measured in a reasonable manner; and

 

  (d) the hedge is highly effective with respect to the hedged risk on an ongoing basis and throughout the entire hedge relationship.

Certain derivatives transactions which do not qualify for hedge accounting are treated and reported as derivatives for trading purposes even though they provide an effective hedge on the risk of net positions.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (k) Derivative instruments, continued:

 

Fair Value Hedges

When a derivative instrument hedges the risk of changes in the fair value of an existing asset or liability, the asset or liability is recorded at its fair value with respect to the specific hedged risk. Gains or losses from fair value adjustments, both the hedged item and the derivative instrument, are recognized in income.

Should the hedged item in a fair value hedge be a firm commitment, changes in the fair value of the commitment with respect to the hedged risk are recorded as an asset or liability against net income for the year. Gains or losses from fair value adjustments of the hedging derivative are recorded in income. When an asset or liability is acquired as a result of the commitment, the initial recognition of the asset or liability acquired is adjusted to incorporate the accumulated effect of the valuation at fair value of the firm commitment, which was previously recorded in the Statement of Financial Position.

Cash Flow Hedges

When a derivative hedges the risk of changes in the cash flows of existing assets or liabilities or forecasted transactions, the effective portion of changes in the fair value related to the hedged risk is recorded in equity net on income taxes. Any ineffective portion is directly recorded in income. The accumulated amounts recorded in equity are transferred to income at the moment that the hedged item affects income.

 

  (l) Loans to customers:

Loans to customers include originated and purchased non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted on an active market and which the Bank does not intend to sell immediately or in the short-term.

 

  (i) Valuation method

Loans are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method.

 

  (ii) Lease contracts

Accounts receivable relating to leasing contracts, included under the caption “Loans to customers”, correspond to periodic rent installments of contracts which meet the definition to be classified as financial leases and are presented at their nominal value net of unearned interest as of each year-end.

 

  (iii) Factoring transactions

The Bank and its subsidiary Banchile Factoring S.A. carry out factoring transactions, where they receive invoices and other commercial instruments representative of credit, with or without recourse, and they advance to the assignor a percentage of the total amounts to be collected from the original debtor.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (l) Loans to customers, continued:

 

  (iii) Factoring transactions, continued

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the caption “Loans to customers” includes MCh$484,189 and MCh$343,057 respectively, corresponding to the amount advanced to the assignor plus accrued interest net of payments received.

 

  (iv) Impairment of loans

At each balance sheet date, Banco de Chile and subsidiaries assess whether there is objective evidence that a loan asset or a group of loans is impaired. A loan asset or a group of loans is considered impaired and impairment losses are incurred if:

 

  (a) there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of a loss event that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset and up to the balance sheet date (“a loss event”);

 

  (b) the loss event had an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets and

 

  (c) a reliable estimate of the loss amount can be made

Banco de Chile and subsidiaries first assess whether objective evidence of impairment exists for loans that are individually significant. It then assesses collectively for loans that are not individually significant and loans which are significant but for which no objective evidence of impairment was observed as a result of the individual assessment.

To allow management to determine whether a loss event has occurred on an individual basis, all significant counterparty relationships are reviewed periodically. This evaluation considers current information and events related to the counterparty, such as whether the counterparty experiencing significant financial difficulty or in breach of contract as, for example, default or delinquency in interest or principal payments.

If there is evidence of impairment leading to an impairment loss for an individual counterparty relationship, then the amount of the loss is determined as the difference between the carrying amount of the loan(s), including accrued interest, and the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate or the effective interest rate established upon reclassification to loans, including cash flows that may result from foreclosure less costs for obtaining and selling the collateral. The carrying amount of the loans is reduced by the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit losses.

The collective assessment of impairment is principally to establish an allowance amount relating to loans that are either individually significant but for which there is no objective evidence of impairment, or are not individually significant but for which there is, on a portfolio basis, a loss amount that is probable of having occurred and is reasonably estimable. The loss amount has two components.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (l) Loans to customers, continued:

 

  (iv) Impairment of Loans, continued:

 

The first component is an allowance amount representing the incurred losses on the portfolio of smaller balance homogeneous loans, which are loans to individuals and small business customers of the private and retail business. The loans are grouped according to similar credit risk characteristics and the allowance for each group is determined using statistical models based on historical experience. The second component represents an estimate of incurred losses inherent in the group of loans that have not yet been individually identified or measured as part of the smaller-balance homogeneous loans. Loans that were found not to be impaired when evaluated on an individual basis are included in the scope of this component of the allowance.

Once a loan is identified as impaired, although the accrual of interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan is discontinued, the accretion of the net present value of the written down amount of the loan due to the passage of time is recognized as interest income based on the original effective interest rate of the loan.

At each balance sheet date, all impaired loans are reviewed for changes to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. Any change to the previously recognized impairment loss is recognized as a change to the allowance account and recorded in the income statement as a component of the provision for credit losses.

Loans are written-off when collection efforts have been exhausted, but not later than the following maximum periods:

 

Type of Loan

   Term

Consumer loans – secured and unsecured

   6 months

Other transactions – unsecured

   24 months

Commercial loans – secured

   36 months

Residential mortgage loans

   48 months

Consumer leases

   6 months

Other non-real estate lease transactions

   12 months

Real estate leases (commercial or residential)

   36 months

The term represents the time elapsed since the date on which payment of all or part of the obligation in default became due.

Cash recoveries on written-off loans are recorded directly in income, through the provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

If in a subsequent period the amount of a previously recognized impairment loss decreases and the decrease is due to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the impairment loss is reversed by reducing the allowance account accordingly. Such reversal is recognized in profit or loss.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (l) Loans to customers, continued:

 

  (v) Provision for contingencies resulting from the loan business:

The process to determine whether to provide for such contingencies is similar to the methodology used for loans. Any resulting amounts are recognized as an allowance in the balance sheet within other liabilities and charged to the income statement as a component of the provision for credit losses.

 

  (m) Financial guarantees:

In its ordinary course of business the Bank gives financial guarantees consisting of letters of credit, guarantees and acceptances. Financial guarantees are initially recognized in the financial statements at fair value being the premium received. Subsequent to initial recognition, the Bank’s liability is measured at the higher of the amount originally recognized less, when appropriate, cumulative amortization recognized in the income statement and the best estimate of expenditure required to settle the financial obligation arising as the result of the guarantee. The premium received is recognized in the income statement in “Income from Fees and Commissions” on a straight line basis over the guarantee period.

 

  (n) Financial assets held to maturity and available-for-sale:

Financial assets held-to-maturity include only those securities for which the Bank has the ability and intention of keeping until maturity. The remaining investments are considered as financial assets available-for-sale. The Bank reassesses on an ongoing basis whether the ability and intention to sell available-for-sale instruments remains to be given.

A financial asset classified as available-for-sale is initially recognized at its fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Financial assets available-for-sale are subsequently measured at their fair value based on market prices or valuation models. Unrealized gains or losses as result of fair value adjustments are recorded in other comprehensive income within equity. When these investments are sold, the cumulative fair value adjustments existing within equity will be recorded directly in income under “Net financial operating income”.

Financial assets held-to-maturity are recorded at their cost plus accrued interest and indexations less impairment provisions made when the carrying amount exceeds the estimated recoverable amount.

Interest and indexations of financial assets held to maturity and available-for-sale are included in the line item “Interest revenue”.

Investment securities, which are subject to hedge accounting, are adjusted according to the rules for hedge accounting.

 

F-25


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (n) Financial assets held to maturity and available-for-sale, continued:

 

Purchases and sales of investment securities that must be delivered within a period established by market regulations or conventions are recorded using the trade date that is the date on which the purchase or sale of the asset is committed. Any other purchase or sale is treated as a derivative (forward) until liquidation occurs.

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not hold held to maturity instruments.

 

  (o) Debt issued and other financial liabilities:

Financial instruments issued by the Bank, which are not designated at fair value through profit and loss, are classified under “Debt issued”, where the substance of the contractual arrangement results in the Bank having an obligation either to deliver cash or another financial asset to the holder, or to satisfy the obligation other than by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of own equity shares.

After initial measurement, debt issued is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on the issue and costs that are an integral part of the effective interest rate.

The Bank applies the same accounting policies for its other financial liabilities.

 

  (p) Intangible assets:

 

  (i) Goodwill

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries and associates representing the excess of the fair value of the purchase consideration and costs directly attributable to the acquisition over the net fair value of the Bank’s share of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed on the date of the acquisition.

For the purpose of calculating goodwill, fair values of acquired assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are determined by reference to market values or by discounting expected future cash flows to present value. This discounting is either performed using market rates or by using risk-free rates and risk-adjusted expected future cash flows.

 

F-26


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (p) Intangible assets, continued:

 

  (i) Goodwill, continued

 

Goodwill originating from the acquisition of subsidiaries is capitalized and reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if there are indications that impairment may have occurred. Impairment is determined by comparing the present value of expected future cash flows from each cash generating unit with the carrying value of its net assets, including attributable goodwill and carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units for the purpose of impairment testing considering the business level at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes.

Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

 

  (ii) Software and computer programs

Computer software purchased by the Bank and its subsidiaries is accounted for at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses.

The subsequent expense in software assets is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefit for the specific asset. All other expenses are recorded as an expense as incurred.

Amortization is recorded in income using the straight-line amortization method based on the estimated useful life of the software, from the date on which it is available for use. The estimated useful life of software is a maximum of 6 years.

Expense for internally developed software is recorded in income for each year.

 

  (iii) Other identifiable intangible assets

This item applies to identifiable intangible assets for which the cost can be reliably measured and which are likely to generate future economic benefits for the Bank.

 

  (q) Property and equipment:

Property and equipment is stated at cost excluding servicing cost, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment. Changes in the expected useful life are accounted for by changing the depreciation period or method, as appropriate, and treated as changes in accounting estimates.

 

F-27


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (q) Property and equipment, continued:

 

This cost includes expenses that have been directly attributed to the asset’s acquisition.

Depreciation is recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property and equipment.

Estimated useful lives for 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

Buildings

   50 years

Plant and equipment

   3 years

Supplies and accessories

   5 years

 

  (r) Non-current assets held-for-sale and discontinued operations:

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held-for-sale are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held-for-sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition.

In the Consolidated Income Statement of the reporting period, and of the comparable period of the previous year, income and expenses from discontinued operations are reported separate from income and expenses from continuing activities, down to the level of profit after taxes. The resulting profit or loss (after taxes) is reported separately in the income statement. Property and equipment as well as intangible assets once classified as held-for-sale are not depreciated or amortized.

 

  (s) Deferred taxes and income taxes:

The income tax provision of the Bank and its subsidiaries has been determined in conformity with current legal provisions.

The Bank and its subsidiaries recognize, when appropriate, deferred tax assets and liabilities for future estimates of tax effects attributable to temporary differences between the book and tax values of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured based on the tax rate expected to be applied, in accordance with current tax law, in the year that deferred tax assets are realized or liabilities are settled. The effects of future changes in tax legislation or tax rates are recognized in deferred taxes starting on the date of publication of the law approving such changes.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded at their book value as of the date the deferred taxes are measured. Deferred tax assets are recognized only when it is likely that future tax profits will be sufficient enough to recover deductions for temporary differences.

 

F-28


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (t) Assets received in lieu of payment:

Assets received in lieu of payment are classified under “Other Assets” and they are recorded at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

 

  (u) Investment Properties:

Investment properties are real estate assets held to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or both, but are not held-for-sale in the ordinary course of business or used for administrative purposes. Investment properties are initially measured at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition they are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairments using the same accounting policies as property and equipment.

 

  (v) Provisions and contingent liabilities:

Provisions are liabilities involving uncertainty about their amount or maturity. They are recorded in the Statement of Financial Position when the following requirements are jointly met:

 

  i) a present obligation has arisen from a past event and,

 

  ii) as of the date of the financial statements it is likely that the Bank or its subsidiaries have to disburse resources to settle the obligation and,

 

  iii) the amount can be reliably measured

A contingent asset or liability is any right or obligation arisen from past events whose existence will be confirmed by one or more uncertain future events which are not within the control of the Bank. Contingent assets and liabilities are not recognized in the Statement of Financial Position.

 

  (w) Provision for minimum dividends:

The Bank records within liabilities the portion of net income for the year that should be distributed to comply with the Corporations Law. For these purposes, the Bank establishes a provision in a complementary equity account within retained earnings.

 

F-29


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (x) Employee benefits:

 

  (i) Staff vacations

The annual costs of vacations and staff benefits are recognized on an accruals basis.

 

  (ii) Short-term benefits

The Bank has a yearly bonus plan for its employees based on their ability to meet objectives and their individual contribution to the company’s results, consisting of a given number or portion of monthly salaries. It is provisioned for based on the estimated amount to be distributed.

 

  (iii) Staff severance indemnities

Banco de Chile has recorded a liability for long-term severance indemnities in accordance with employment contracts it has with certain employees. The liability, which results from payments to specified retiring employees with more than 30 years of service, is recorded at the present value of the accrued benefits. It is calculated by applying an equivalent discount rate to the accrued benefits. These benefits accrue over the estimated average remaining service period.

Obligations for this defined benefit plan are valued according to the projected unit credit actuarial valuation method, using inputs such as staff turnover rates, expected growth in wages and the probability that this benefit will be used, discounted at current long-term rates (7.70% as of January 1, 2008, 8.78% as of December 31, 2008 and 4.91% as of December 31, 2009). The discount rate used corresponds to the return on bonds of the Central Bank with maturity (BCP) in 5 years.

Actuarial gains and losses are recognized as income or expense at the end of each reporting period. There is no past service costs that would have to be recognized by the Bank.

 

F-30


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (y) Equity reserves:

The equity reserves recorded in the Bank’s Statement of Financial Position include:

Reserves from Earnings:

This item includes all the reserves that were originated from earnings and that by legal or statutory dispositions, or agreements of the shareholders’ meeting, will not be distributed in the form of future dividends.

Other reserves:

This item includes all the reserves that do not come from earnings and that do not correspond to those indicated in previous items.

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale instruments:

This item comprises changes in the fair value of these instruments.

Cumulative translation adjustment:

This item is used to record exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign operations.

 

  (z) Earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing net income (loss) for the year attributable to the Bank by the average weighted number of shares in circulation during that year.

Diluted earnings per share is determined in a similar manner as basic earnings per share, but the average weighted number of shares in circulation is adjusted to account for the dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and convertible debt. As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not have any instruments or contracts that could cause dilutions. Therefore, no adjustments have been made.

 

  (aa) Interest revenue and expense:

Interest revenue and expenses are recognized in the income statement using the effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate is the rate which exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability. To calculate the effective interest rate, the Bank determines cash flows by taking into account all contractual conditions of the financial instrument, excluding future credit losses.

The effective interest rate calculation includes all fees and other amounts paid or received that form part of the effective interest rate. Transaction costs include incremental costs that are directly attributable to the purchase or issuance of a financial asset or liability.

 

F-31


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (ab) Fees and commissions:

Income and expenses from fees and commissions are recognized in income using different criteria based on the nature of the income or expense. The most significant criteria include:

 

  (i) Fees earned from an individual act are recognized once the act has taken place.

 

  (ii) Fees earned from transactions or services provided over a longer period of time are recognized over the life of the transactions or services. These fees include commissions and asset management, custody or other management and advisory fees.

Loan commitment fees for loans that are likely to be drawn down and other credit related fees are deferred (together with incremental costs) and recognized as an adjustment to the effective interest rate of the loan. When it is unlikely that a loan is drawn down the fees are recognized over the commitment period on a straight-line basis.

 

  (ac) Identifying and measuring impairment:

Financial assets (other than loans)

Financial assets are reviewed throughout each year, and especially at each reporting date, to determine whether there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of a loss event that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset and the loss event had an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset that can be reliably calculated.

A financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred if:

 

   

there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of a loss event that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset and up to the balance sheet date (“a loss event”);

 

   

the loss event had an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets and;

 

   

a reliable estimate of the loss amount can be made.

An impairment loss for financial assets recorded at amortized cost is calculated as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows, discounted using the effective interest rate.

An impairment loss for available-for-sale financial assets is calculated using its fair value considering fair value changes already recognized in other comprehensive income.

In the case of equity investments classified as available-for-sale financial assets, objective evidence includes a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the investment below cost. In the case of debt securities classified as available-for-sale financial assets, the Bank assesses whether there exists objective evidence for impairment based on the same criteria as for loans.

 

F-32


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (ac) Identifying and measuring impairment, continued:

 

Financial assets (other than loans), continued

 

If there is evidence of impairment, any amounts previously recognized in equity, in net gains (losses) not recognized in the income statement, is removed from equity and recognized in the income statement for the period, reported in net gains (losses) on financial assets available for sale. This amount is determined as the difference between the acquisition cost (net of any principal repayments and amortization) and current fair value of the asset less any impairment loss on that investment previously recognized in the income statement.

When the fair value of the available-for-sale debt security recovers to at least amortized cost it is no longer considered impaired and subsequent changes in fair value are reported in equity.

Individually significant financial assets are individually examined to determine impairment. Remaining financial assets are collectively evaluated in groups that share similar credit risk characteristics.

All impairment losses are recognized in the income statement. Any cumulative loss related to available-for-sale financial assets recognized previously in equity is transferred to the income statement.

An impairment loss is reversed if, in a subsequent period, the fair value of the debt instrument classified as available for sale increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized in profit or loss. The amount of the reversal is recognized in profit or loss up to the amount previously recognized as impairment. Impairment losses recognized in profit or loss for an investment in an equity instrument classified as available for sale are not reversed through profit or loss.

 

F-33


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (ac) Identifying and measuring impairment, continued:

 

Non-financial assets

The Bank assesses at each reporting date and on an ongoing basis whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or if annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Bank estimates the asset’s recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s (CGU) fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to sell, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, share prices and other available fair value indicators.

For assets excluding goodwill, impairment losses recognized in prior years are assessed at each reporting date in search of any indication that the loss has decreased or disappeared. A previously recognized impairment is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment was recognized. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the book value of the asset does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. Such reversal is recognized in the income statement.

Impairment losses relating to goodwill cannot be reversed in future periods.

 

  (ad) Lease transactions:

The Bank acting as lessor

Assets leased to customers under agreements which transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership, with or without ultimate legal title, are classified as finance leases. When assets held are subject to a finance lease, the leased assets are derecognized and a receivable is recognized which is equal to the present value of the minimum lease payments, discounted at the interest rate implicit in the lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging a finance lease are incorporated into the receivable through the discount rate applied to the lease. Finance lease income is recognized over the lease term based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment in the finance lease.

 

F-34


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles, continued:

 

  (ad) Lease transactions, continued:

 

The Bank acting as lessor, continued

 

Assets leased to customers under agreements which do not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. The leased assets are included within premises and equipment on the Group’s balance sheet and depreciation is provided on the depreciable amount of these assets on a systematic basis over their estimated useful economic lives. Rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Bank acting as lessee

Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized on the balance sheet at an amount equal to the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. The discount rate used in calculating the present value of the minimum lease payments is either the interest rate implicit in the lease, if it is practicable to determine, or the incremental borrowing rate. Contingent rentals are recognized as expense in the periods in which they are incurred.

Operating lease rentals payable are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which commences when the lessee controls the physical use of the property. Lease incentives are treated as a reduction of rental expense and are also recognized over the lease term on a straight-line basis. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

 

  (ae) Fiduciary activities:

The Bank provides trust and other fiduciary services that result in the holding or investing of assets on behalf of the clients. Assets held in a fiduciary capacity are not reported in the financial statements, as they are not the assets of the Bank.

3. Accounting Changes:

During the year ended December 31, 2009, there have not been accounting changes that may significantly affect the presentation of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-35


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

4. Business Combinations:

2009

No transactions took place in the year 2009.

2008

Citibank:

On January 1, 2008, the Bank acquired all of the shares of Citibank Chile. This transaction was accounted for as a business combination under IFRS 3 with Banco de Chile being the acquirer.

The purchase price consideration, the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired and the goodwill arising as at the date of acquisition were:

 

     Fair value
recognized on
acquisition
2008
    Carrying value
2008
     MCh$     MCh$

Assets

    

Cash and due from banks

   285,583      285,583

Financial assets held-for-trading

   120,596      120,596

Derivative instruments

   323,526      323,526

Loans and advance to banks

   50,021      50,025

Loans to customers, net

   1,054,617      1,041,209

Financial assets available-for-sale

   210,401      210,401

Investments in other companies

   1,785      1,785

Property and equipment

   24,924      28,820

Other assets

   56,901      56,901

Intangible assets (core deposits, customer lists and brands)

   54,509      —  
          

Total assets

   2,182,863      2,118,846

Liabilities

    

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   444,578      444,578

Saving accounts and time deposits

   788,533      788,533

Derivative instruments

   318,532      318,532

Other financial obligations

   192,761      192,761

Other liabilities

   52,784      52,784
          

Total liabilities

   1,797,188      1,797,188
          

Total of net assets acquired

   385,675      321,658
          

Deferred taxes on net assets acquired

   (10,883  
        

Total of net assets acquired (net of taxes)

   374,792     
        

Goodwill arising on acquisition

   12,595     
        

Total purchase price consideration

   387,387     
        

Cash inflow on acquisition of the subsidiary:

    

Net cash acquired with the subsidiary

     285,583

Cash paid

     —  
      

Net cash inflow

     285,583
      

 

F-36


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

4. Business Combinations, continued:

 

The goodwill of Ch$12,595 million represents the value of synergies to be generated in the combination process and the acquisition of know-how.

Under prior GAAP the transaction with Citibank Chile was accounted for as a pooling of interest with no retroactive restatement of historical financial statements. The Bank did not recognize any fair value adjustments, additional intangible assets or resulting goodwill. This treatment is not in line with the requirements of IFRS 3. The application of IFRS has therefore led to differences to prior GAAP for the accounting period ended December 31, 2008 (refer to Note 5—First-time adoption).

In February 2008, the Bank acquired all the shares of the company Legg Mason (Chile) Administradora General de Fondos S.A. The total purchase price for the shares amounted to US$13 million. This transaction was accounted for as a business combination under IFRS 3 with Banco de Chile being the acquirer.

5. First-time Adoption:

For all periods up to and including the year ended December 31, 2008, the Bank prepared its financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice for Chilean banks under the supervision of the Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions (prior GAAP). These financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009, are the first ones the Bank has prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Accordingly, the Bank has prepared financial statements which comply with IFRS applicable for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2009 as described in the accounting policies. In preparing these financial statements, the Bank’s opening statement of financial position was prepared as of January 1, 2008, the Bank’s date of transition to IFRS. This note explains the principal adjustments made by the Bank in restating the prior GAAP statement of financial position as of January 1, 2008 and its previously published prior financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008.

Exemptions applied

IFRS 1First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards allows first-time adopters certain exemptions from the general requirement to apply IFRS as effective for December 2009 year ends retrospectively.

The Bank has applied the following exemptions:

 

 

IFRS 3 Business Combination has not been applied to the acquisitions of subsidiaries or of interests in associates and joint ventures that occurred before January 1, 2008.

 

 

In accordance with Chile GAAP property and equipment was restated to reflect changes in price-level. For part of its property and equipment the Bank has elected to regard those restated values as the deemed cost at the date of transition. For the majority of its property and equipment the Bank used the fair value at the transition date as its deemed cost.

 

F-37


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

5. First-time Adoption, continued:

 

  I. Reconciliation between prior GAAP and IFRS

The reconciliations presented below quantify the impact of the transition to the new standards on Banco de Chile and subsidiaries:

 

  I.1 Reconciliation of Consolidated Equity:

 

     Note 5    As of
January 1, 2008
MCh$
    As of
December 31, 2008
MCh$
 

Total equity under prior GAAP

      1,051,393      1,297,743   

Interest recognition

   (d)    16,231      29,895   

Investment properties

   (h)    9,860      11,409   

Property and equipment

   (c)    38,137      12,141   

Investments in other companies

   (f)    1,645      2,030   

Allowances for loan losses

   (e)    27,055      30,910   

Deferred taxes

   (g)    (14,376   (13,611

Employee benefits

   (b)    (1,901   (1,664

Provision for minimum dividends

   (i)    (70,874   81,182   

Regulatory write-offs of assets received in lieu of payment

   (j)    (5,051   (863

Other

      460      (3,114

Acquisition of Citibank Chile:

   Note 4     

Goodwill

      —        12,575   

Fair value of loans, net

      —        10,054   

Fair value of intangibles, net

      —        49,115   

Fair value of property and equipment, net

      —        (2,922

Deferred taxes

      —        (9,562
               

Total adjustments

      1,186      207,575   
               

Total net equity under IFRS

      1,052,579      1,505,318   
               

 

F-38


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

5. First-time Adoption, continued:

 

  1.2 Reconciliation of Consolidated Net Income:

 

     Note 5    As of
December 31, 2008
MCh$
 

Total net income under prior GAAP

      272,427   

Price-level restatement

   (a)    77,789   

Deferred taxes

   (g)    1,175   

Interest recognition

   (d)    5,930   

Depreciation and amortization

   (c)    923   

Income (loss) attributable to associates

   (f)    577   

Allowances for loan losses

   (e)    10,434   

Regulatory write-offs of assets received in lieu of payment

   (j)    4,188   

Other

      (1,940

Acquisition of Citibank Chile:

   Note 4   

Amortization of fair value of loans,

      (3,350

Amortization of fair value of intangibles

      (5,394

Depreciation of fair value of property and equipment

      974   

Deferred taxes

      1,321   
         

Total adjustments

      92,627   
         

Total net income under IFRS

      365,054   
         

 

  1.3 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

The transition from prior GAAP to IFRS has not had a material impact on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

 

  II. Description of main adjustments

The main changes in the accounting criteria applied starting on January 1, 2009 are summarized as follows:

 

  (a) Price-level Restatement:

Until December 31, 2007, non monetary assets, liabilities and equity accounts were restated according to the changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Since the Chilean economy is not considered hyperinflationary as defined in IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies, from January 1, 2008 onwards the Bank discontinued price-level restatement. In accordance with IFRS, the consolidated net income under Chile GAAP was adjusted by MCh$77,789 to reverse price-level restatements applied prior to December 31, 2007.

 

F-39


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

5. First-time Adoption, continued:

 

  II. Description of main adjustments, continued:

 

  (b) Employee benefits:

This provision is established at its present value in accordance with IAS 19 Benefits to Employees. Beginning January 1, 2008, benefit plan obligations are valued using the projected unit credit method, including as variables the staff turnover rate, the expected growth in wages and the probability that this benefit will be used, discounted at the current equivalent rate. This led to a negative adjustment in equity of MCh$1,901 as of January 1, 2008 and MCh$1,664 as of December 31, 2008.

 

  (c) Property and equipment:

Under prior GAAP, Property and equipment was valued at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation restated by price-level restatement. Beginning January 1, 2008, the Bank chose to value its property and equipment at cost in accordance with IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment. At the date of transition the Bank elected to use the exemption using fair value as deemed cost to create a new cost basis under IFRS for the majority of its Property and equipment. These specific assets were chosen to be revalued because they represent a grouping of assets of a similar nature and use in the Bank’s operations.

The aggregate of the fair values was Ch$71,229 million which led to an adjustment of Ch$38,137 million for January 1, 2008, compared to the prior GAAP carrying amounts. Moreover, depreciation and amortization decreased by MCh$923 in 2008.

 

  (d) Interest recognition:

Starting January 1, 2008, loans and interest revenue are recognized using the effective rate method prescribed in IAS 18 Revenue and IAS 39 Financial Instruments – Recognition and Measurement. Additionally, following IAS 39, the Bank now recognizes interest revenue for its impaired loan portfolio. The adjustments in equity made to incorporate the changes relating to the recognition of interest revenue compared to prior GAAP amounted to MCh$16,231 as of January 1, 2008 and, respectively, MCh$29,895 as of December 31, 2008. The corresponding effect on the consolidated net income consists of an increase of MCh$5,930.

 

  (e) Loan loss allowances:

Specific and general allowances for bad debt were previously recognized under prior GAAP. The impairment approach under IAS 39 Financial Instruments differs from local GAAP. In addition, general loan loss provisions are no longer permitted and impairment losses can only be provided for when there is objective evidence of an incurred loss. This led to a positive adjustment in equity of MCh$27,055 as of January 1, 2008 and MCh$30,910 as of December 31, 2008. Correspondingly, consolidated net income decreased by MCh$10,434.

 

F-40


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

5. First-time Adoption, continued:

 

  II. Description of main adjustments, continued:

 

  (f) Investments in other companies:

The effects of adopting IFRS were recognized individually for each associate considering the proportional effect of the first-time adjustments on the Bank’s equity, based on the ownership percentage. Doing so, the Bank determined a total adjustment in equity of MCh$1,645 as of January 1, 2008 and MCh$2,030 as of December 31, 2008. This increase in equity is accompanied by a positive effect on the Bank’s net income of 2008 amounting to MCh$577.

 

  (g) Deferred taxes:

The Bank has recognized the effects of deferred taxes due to temporary differences arising from first-time adoption adjustments. This approach, in compliance with IAS 12 Income Taxes, results in a negative equity adjustment of MCh$14,376 for January 1, 2008 and MCh$13,611 for year end 2008. Consolidated net income of 2008 increases by MCh$1,175.

 

  (h) Investment properties:

Investment Properties correspond to real estate maintained for receiving rentals from leases but not for sale in the ordinary course of business or for administrative purposes. Until January 1, 2008, they were presented under “Property and equipment” and valued at price-level restated historical cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Following IAS 40 Investment Property guidelines such property will now be valued at cost. At the date of transition, the Bank determined its fair value and used it as deemed cost. The aggregate of the fair values was Ch$6,599 million which led to an adjustment of Ch$9,860 million for January 1, compared to the prior GAAP carrying amount.

 

  (i) Provision for minimum dividends:

Under prior GAAP, the Bank did not provide for the minimum dividends required to be paid under Chilean Corporations Law as of January 1, 2008. Due to a change in local banking regulations as of December 31, 2008, the Bank recognized a provision of MCh$190,698, based on its own dividend policy, representing 70% of its distributable net income. Under IFRS, only the portion of dividends which is mandatory to be distributed by corporations’ law must be provided for- which in Chile amounts to 30% of net income for the year. This leads to provisions of MCh$70,874 (resulting in an adjustment equivalent to MCh$70,874 - decrease) as of January 1, 2008 and MCh$109,516 (resulting in an adjustment equivalent to MCh$81,182 - increase) as of December 31, 2008.

 

  (j) Regulatory write-offs of assets received in lieu of payment:

Under prior GAAP, Banks were required to write-off assets received in lieu of payment after certain holding periods. These assets are usually treated under IFRS 5 Non-current Assets held-for-sale and discontinued operations. The standard does not allow writing off assets just because they have been held for a certain period. As of January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008 result differences of MCh$5,051 and MCh$863, respectively. In the results for 2008 a difference of MCh$4,188 emerged.

 

F-41


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

6. Relevant Events:

 

  (a) In the Ordinary Meeting N° 2,683 held on January 30, 2009, the Board of Directors agreed to call an Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting for March 26, 2009 in order to propose, among other matters, the dividend distribution N° 197 of Ch$2.357790 per share for each of the 80,879,895,984 shares issued by Banco de Chile. This dividend corresponds to 70% of that year’s net income. The Board of Directors also agreed to call an Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting on the same date to propose the capitalization of the remaining 30% of Banco de Chile’s net income from 2008, by issuing bonus shares.

 

  (b) In the Ordinary Meeting N° 2,684 on February 27, 2009, the Board of Directors of Banco de Chile approved the following amendments:

 

  1. Amendments to the Global Connectivity Agreement signed between Citigroup Inc. and Banco de Chile on December 27, 2007. These amendments seek to complement, clarify and modify certain sections and appendices of the agreement regarding the rendering of banking services within and outside of Chile. In particular, they modify and establish new agreements concerning compensation for businesses and services;

 

  2. Amendments to the Cooperation Agreement signed between Citigroup Inc. and Banco de Chile on December 27, 2007, that primarily refer to the exchange of information between Citigroup and Banco de Chile;

 

  3. Amendments to the License Agreement signed between Citigroup Inc. and Banco de Chile on December 27, 2007, which refer to the quality standards for providing services associated with the trademarks under license.

 

  (c) On March 26, 2009, the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting agreed to increase its capital through the capitalization of 30% of its 2008 net income, by issuing bonus shares, without par value, valued at Ch$31.26 per share and distributed among the shareholders at a rate of 0.032325 bonus shares per share at the date of distribution, according to the law.

Banco de Chile’s capital was increased by Ch$52,260,575,508 by the issuance of 1,671,803,439 bonus shares without par value, according to the Ordinary Meeting of Board of Director held on March 26, 2009. Given that before the issuance the Bank had 72,436,034,844 ordinary shares and 8,443,861,140 ordinary “Banco de Chile-S” series shares and in order to maintain that proportion of the different share categories, 1,398,855,628 ordinary shares and 272,947,811 ordinary “Banco de Chile-S” series shares were issued (in total 1,671,803,439 shares without par-value). The shares were issued to the holders of the respective shares.

 

F-42


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

6. Relevant Events, continued:

 

  (d) On March 30, 2009, and in the Extraordinary Session N° 1469E of the Chilean Central Bank held on March 26, the Central Bank informed Banco de Chile that its Board had decided to request that its compensation for the year ended December 31, 2008, had to be paid in cash.

 

  (e) In the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meetings of the subsidiaries Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. and Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. held on April 20, 2009, the shareholders approved the merger between Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. and Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A., modifying the by-laws of the latter.

As a result of this merger, the subsidiary Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. was dissolved.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting:

For management purposes, we have organized our operations and commercial strategies into four business segments, which are defined in accordance with the type of products and services offered to target customers. These business segments are currently defined as follows:

 

  Retail: This segment focuses on individuals and small and medium-sized companies with annual sales up to Ch$1,400 million, where the product offering focuses primarily on consumer loans, commercial loans, checking accounts, credit cards, credit lines and mortgage loans.

 

  Wholesale: This segment focused on corporate clients and large companies, whose annual revenue exceed Ch$1,400 million, where the product offering focuses primarily on commercial loans, checking accounts and liquidity management services, debt instruments, foreign trade, derivative contracts and leases.

Treasury and money market operations:

This segment includes revenue associated with managing the Bank’s balance sheet (currencies, maturities and interest rates) and liquidity, including financial instrument and currency trading on account of the Bank itself.

Transactions on behalf of customers carried out by the Treasury are reflected in the respective aforementioned segments. These products are highly transaction-focused such as foreign exchange transactions, derivatives and financial instruments in general.

 

  Subsidiaries: Corresponds to companies and corporations controlled by the Bank, where results are obtained individually by the respective subsidiary. The companies that comprise this segment are:

 

Entity

•     Banchile Trade Services Limited

•     Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.

•     Banchile Asesoría Financiera S.A.

•     Citibank Agencia de Valores S.A. (dissolved in June 2009. See Note 6(e))

•     Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda.

•     Banchile Factoring S.A.

•     Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

•     Banchile Securitizadora S.A.

•     Socofin S.A.

•     Promarket SA.

 

F-44


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

  Other: Corresponds to non-recurring and other income and expense that cannot be allocated to any particular segment. In 2008 this segment was mainly composed of the merger with Citibank Chile. This segment was created in order to present the involved line-items separately, and thus not affect the results of the Bank’s business segments.

The financial information used to measure the performance of the Bank’s business segments is not necessarily comparable with similar information from other financial institutions because it is based on internal reporting policies. The accounting policies used to prepare the Bank’s operating segment information are similar as those described in Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Principles”, except as noted below:

 

   

The net interest margin of loans and deposits is measured on an individual transaction and individual client basis, stemming from the difference between the effective customer rate and the related Bank’s fund transfer price in terms of maturity, re-pricing and currency.

 

   

The results associated with the gap management (interest rate mismatches) have been fully allocated to the treasury segment.

 

   

The internal performance profitability system considers capital allocation in each segment in accordance to the Basel guidelines.

 

   

In addition to direct costs (consisting mainly of labor and administrative expenses), the Bank allocates all of its indirect operating costs to each business segment by utilizing a different cost driver in order to allocate such costs to the specific segment.

 

   

The Bank applies local banking regulator accounting principles when measuring and recording its allowance for loan losses, assets received in lieu of payments, minimum dividend allowances and some other minor items for internal reporting purposes. These accounting policies differ in some significant aspects from IFRS (see also Note 5).

The Bank obtains the majority of its income from: interest, indexations and fees, discounted the credit cost and expenses. Management mainly bases its evaluation of segment performance and decision-making regarding goals, allocation of resources for each unit individually on these concepts. Even though the results of the segments reconcile with those of the Bank at total level, differences exist in the single segments’ figures due to different measurement concepts indicated above.

The Bank did not enter into transactions with a particular customer or third party that exceed 10% of its total income in 2008 and 2009.

Transfer pricing between operating segments are on an arm’s length basis in a manner similar to transactions with third parties.

 

F-45


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

The following table presents the balance and results for 2008 and 2009 for each of the segments defined above:

 

     As of January 1, 2008
     Retail
MCh$
   Wholesale
MCh$
   Treasury
MCh$
   Subsidiaries
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Subtotal
MCh$
   Reclassifications
and
adjustments to
conform IFRS
MCh$
    Note    Total
MCh$

Assets

   4,579,853    6,401,637    1,419,279    1,571,027    —      13,971,796    (202,448      13,769,348

Current and deferred taxes

                  48,208    (32,175      16,033
                                 

Total assets

                  14,020,004    (234,623   (1)    13,785,381
                                 

Liabilities

   3,451,311    5,740,365    2,322,351    1,430,863    —      12,944,890    (218,010      12,726,880

Current and deferred taxes

                  17,373    (11,451      5,922
                                 

Total liabilities

                  12,962,263    (229,461   (2)    12,732,802
                                 

Reclassifications and adjustments to conform IFRS

 

(1) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in assets amounts to MCh$(272,319). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in assets amounts to MCh$37,696. The total effect to conform to IFRS mainly arises from the revaluation of property and equipment and investment properties, differences in interest recognition for impaired loans as well as deferred tax effects.

 

(2) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in liabilities amounts to MCh$(265,972). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in liabilities amounts to MCh$36,511. The total effect to conform to IFRS mainly arises from adjustments related to allowances for minimum dividends and allowances for loan losses.

 

F-46


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

     As of December 31, 2008  
     Retail
MCh$
    Wholesale
MCh$
    Treasury
MCh$
    Subsidiaries
MCh$
    Other
MCh$
    Subtotal
MCh$
    Reclassifications
and
adjustments to
conform IFRS
MCh$
    Note   Total
MCh$
 

Net interest income

   408,213      244,859      135,712      19,379      —        808,163      (41,894     766,269   

Net fees and commissions income

   129,182      26,201      (115   88,146      —        243,414      (8,225     235,189   

Other operating income

   24,177      34,775      (47,283   10,356      38,580      60,605      2,156        62,761   
                                                  

Total operating revenue

   561,572      305,835      88,314      117,881      38,580      1,112,182      (47,963   (1)   1,064,219   

Provisions for loan losses

   (114,223   (39,289   (316   (2,186   —        (156,014   6,640      (2)   (149,374

Depreciation and amortization

   (18,005   (8,262   (6,146   (2,237   —        (34,650   (4,420   (3)   (39,070

Other operating expenses

   (294,535   (116,743   (15,057   (74,858   (44,744   (545,937   66,965      (4)   (478,972

Income attributable to associates

   2,729      665      —        170      —        3,564      —          3,564   
                                                  

Income before income taxes

   137,538      142,206      66,795      38,770      (6,164   379,145      21,222        400,367   

Income taxes

             (31,706   (3,607   (5)   (35,313
                              

Income after income taxes

             347,439      17,615        365,054   
                              

Assets

   5,697,650      8,025,757      3,833,137      1,222,218      —        18,778,762      (172,292     18,606,470   

Current and deferred taxes

             78,629      (56,761     21,868   
                              

Total assets

             18,857,391      (229,053   (6)   18,628,338   
                              

Liabilities

   4,659,237      7,187,470      4,583,296      1,058,215      —        17,488,218      (374,251     17,113,967   

Current and deferred taxes

             47,420      (38,367     9,053   
                              

Total liabilities

             17,535,638      (412,618   (7)   17,123,020   
                              

 

F-47


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

Reclassifications and adjustments to conform IFRS

 

  (1) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the total operating revenue correspond to MCh$(7,738). The total effect of IFRS adjustments correspond to MCh$(40,225) which mainly stems from the reclassification of the gain on sale of the US branches as discontinued operations.

 

  (2) The total effect relates to IFRS adjustments amounting to MCh$6,640, which represent differences in the allowance for loans losses.

 

  (3) The total effect relates to IFRS adjustments amounting to MCh$(4,420), which are explained by the amortization of intangibles and depreciation of property and equipment, from Citibank Chile.

 

  (4) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform other operating expenses correspond to MCh$7,738. The total effect of IFRS adjustments correspond to MCh$59,227 which stems from the reclassification of the gain on sale of the US branches as discontinued operations and differences in the allowance for loans losses.

 

  (5) The total effect to conform income taxes relates to IFRS adjustments of MCh$(3,607) from deferred taxes.

 

  (6) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in assets correspond to MCh$(260,949). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in assets correspond to MCh$31,896, which mainly stems from deviating allowances for loan losses, acquisition of Citibank Chile and deferred taxes effects.

 

  (7) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in liabilities correspond to MCh$(250,194). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in liabilities correspond to MCh$(162,424) which mainly stems from providing for minimum dividends and deviating allowances for loan losses.

 

F-48


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

     As of December 31, 2009  
     Retail
MCh$
    Wholesale
MCh$
    Treasury
MCh$
    Subsidiaries
MCh$
    Other
MCh$
   Subtotal
MCh$
    Reclassifications
and
adjustments to
conform IFRS
MCh$
    Note    Total
MCh$
 

Net interest income

   403,012      171,023      79,446      15,209      —      668,690      (311      668,379   

Net fees and commissions income

   124,505      33,217      (950   96,185      —      252,957      (1,741      251,216   

Other operating income

   12,771      24,885      49,711      19,702      —      107,069      (2,059      105,010   
                                                  

Total operating revenue

   540,288      229,125      128,207      131,096      —      1,028,716      (4,111   (1)    1,024,605   

Provisions for loan losses

   (156,013   (66,016   (793   (619   —      (223,441   (17,904   (2)    (241,345

Depreciation and amortization

   (16,745   (7,217   (5,529   (2,536   —      (32,027   (4,420   (3)    (36,447

Other operating expenses

   (284,370   (101,420   (14,948   (75,866   —      (476,604   31,086      (4)    (445,518

Income attributable to associates

   464      33      —        343      —      840      —           840   
                                                  

Income before income tax

   83,624      54,505      106,937      52,418      —      297,484      4,651         302,135   

Income tax

              (39,597   (792   (5)    (40,389
                                

Income after income tax

              257,887      3,859         261,746   
                                

Assets

   6,139,169      7,444,033      3,019,978      1,056,358      —      17,659,538      (207,812      17,451,726   

Current and deferred taxes

              84,706      (34,973      49,733   
                                

Total assets

              17,744,244      (242,785   (6)    17,501,459   
                                

Liabilities

   4,522,832      7,609,858      3,308,703      855,297      —      16,296,690      (435,234      15,861,456   

Current and deferred taxes

              54,806      (15,788      39,018   
                                

Total liabilities

              16,351,496      (451,022   (7)    15,900,474   
                                

 

F-49


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

7. Segment Reporting, continued:

 

Reclassifications and adjustments to conform IFRS

 

  (1) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the total operating revenue correspond to MCh$(12,238). The total effect of IFRS adjustments correspond to MCh$8,127 which mainly stems from reclassification of allowances for loan losses and amortization of fair value loans from Citibank Chile.

 

  (2) The total effect relates to IFRS adjustments of MCh$(17,904), which mainly stem from deviating allowances for loan losses.

 

  (3) The total effect relates to IFRS adjustments of MCh$(4,420), which stem from the amortization of intangibles and depreciation of property and equipment, from Citibank Chile.

 

  (4) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform other operating expenses correspond to MCh$12,238. The total effect of IFRS adjustments correspond to MCh$18,848, which mainly stems from deviating allowances for loan losses.

 

  (5) The total effect relates to IFRS adjustments of MCh$(792), which stem from deferred taxes.

 

  (6) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in assets correspond to MCh$(282,422). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in assets correspond to MCh$39,637, which mainly stems from deviating allowances for loan losses, acquisition of Citibank Chile and deferred taxes effects.

 

  (7) The total effect due to the elimination adjustments to conform the consolidated financial position data in liabilities correspond to MCh$(278,710). The total effect of IFRS adjustments in liabilities correspond to MCh$(172,312), which mainly stems from providing for minimum dividends and deviating allowances for loan losses.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

8. Discontinued Operations:

As a consequence of the business combination with Citibank Chile, the US branches in New York and Miami were sold to Citigroup. The agreement was signed on December 31, 2007 and effective January 1, 2008. Accordingly, as of January 1, 2008, these operations were classified as held-for-sale and were valued at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less cost of sale. The branches given up were reported as part of the International Banking business.

Further details on the business combination with Citibank Chile are revealed in Note 4.

Since the branches were sold at the beginning of the earliest period reported, the Bank does not present any results or cash flows from its operations.

The Bank received a consideration of US$130 million paid in cash. This resulted in a gain on the sale of US$70 million.

The major classes of assets and liabilities of the US branches classified as held-for-sale as of January 1, 2008 are as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Assets

        

Cash and due from banks

   40,562    —      —  

Transactions in the course of collection

   327    —      —  

Financial assets held-for-trading

   318,847    —      —  

Loans to customers, net

   49,491    —      —  

Property and equipment

   460    —      —  

Other assets

   3,375    —      —  
              

Assets classified as held-for-sale

   413,062    —      —  
              

Liabilities

        

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   226,747    —      —  

Saving accounts and time deposits

   158,061    —      —  

Other liabilities

   600    —      —  
              

Liabilities classified as held-for-sale

   385,408    —      —  
              

Net assets directly associated with disposal group

   27,654    —      —  
              

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

9. Cash and Cash Equivalents:

 

  (a) Details of cash and cash equivalents and its reconciliation to the statement of cash flows at each period are as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Cash and due from banks:

        

Cash

   209,040    223,102    257,092

Current account with the Chilean Central Bank

   36,638    168,256    127,166

Deposits in other domestic banks

   53,332    73,662    94,318

Deposits abroad

   32,507    286,203    248,977
              

Subtotal – Cash and due from banks

   331,517    751,223    727,553

Net transactions in the course of collection

   233,956    327,836    200,995

Mutual funds (shown in other assets)

   164,385    52,979    80,237

Repurchase agreements

   69,130    75,519    79,401
              

Total cash and cash equivalents

   798,988    1,207,557    1,088,186
              

Amounts in cash and Central Bank deposits are regulatory reserve deposits for which the Bank must maintain a certain monthly average.

 

  (b) Transactions in the course of collection

Transactions in the course of settlement are transactions for which the only remaining step is settlement, which will increase or decrease the funds in the Central Bank or in foreign banks, normally occurring within 12 to 24 business hours and are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Assets

      

Documents drawn on other banks (clearing)

   176,988      230,911      195,397   

Funds receivable

   365,591      576,714      330,654   
                  

Subtotal transactions in the course of collection

   542,579      807,625      526,051   
                  

Liabilities

      

Funds payable

   (308,623   (479,789   (325,056
                  

Subtotal transactions in the course of payment

   (308,623   (479,789   (325,056
                  

Net transactions in the course of collection

   233,956      327,836      200,995   
                  

 

F-52


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

10. Financial Assets Held-for-Trading:

The detail of financial instruments classified as held-for-trading is as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile:

        

Central Bank bonds

   140,057    217,317    62,477

Central Bank promissory notes

   161,991    7,091    2,621

Other instruments issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank

   687    80,085    96,996

Other instruments issued in Chile:

        

Deposit promissory notes from domestic banks

   401,740    —      —  

Mortgage bonds from domestic banks

   54,243    4,527    2,556

Bonds from domestic banks

   17,679    11,883    2,732

Deposits in domestic banks

   —      259,562    182,995

Bonds from other Chilean companies

   104,354    5,488    —  

Other instruments issued in Chile

   1,227    332    1,213

Instruments issued by foreign institutions:

        

Instruments from foreign governments or central banks

   24,411    —      —  

Other instruments issued abroad

   22,245    40,579    —  
              

Total

   928,634    626,864    351,590
              

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank include instruments sold under agreements to repurchase to customers and financial institutions, equivalent to MCh$48,727, MCh$9,012 and MCh$15,260 as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009.

“Other instruments issued in Chile” and “Other instruments issued abroad by foreign institutions” include instruments sold under agreements to repurchase to customers and financial instruments, amounting to Ch$190,472 million, Ch$243,592 million and Ch$183,135 million as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2009, respectively.

Agreements to repurchase have an average expiration of 8 days as of year-end (13 days in 2008).

Additionally, the Bank holds financial investments in mortgage finance bonds issued by itself in the amount of MCh$127,119, MCh$113,127 and MCh$95,323 as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, which are presented as a reduction of the liability line item “Debt issued”.

 

F-53


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

11. Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending and Borrowing:

 

(a)    The Bank provides financing to its customers through “Receivables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Borrowing”, in which the financial instrument serves as collateral. As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank has the following receivables resulting from such transactions:

 

    Up to 1 month   Over 1 month and
up to 3 months
  Over 3 months and
up to 12 months
  Over 1 year and
up to 3 years
  Over 3 years and
up to 5 years
  Over 5 years   Total
    January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009
    MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$

Transactions with other entities

                                         

Agreements to resell

  69,130   50,141   8,790   —     8,614   3,193   —     16,764   67,418   —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     69,130   75,519   79,401
                                                                                   

Total

  69,130   50,141   8,790   —     8,614   3,193   —     16,764   67,418   —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     69,130   75,519   79,401
                                                                                   

 

(b)    The Bank obtains financing by selling financial instruments and committing to repurchase them at future dates, plus interest at a prefixed rate. As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank has the following payables resulting from such transactions:

 

    Up to 1 month   Over 1 month and
up  to 3 months
  Over 3 months and
up  to 12 months
  Over 1 year and
up to 3 years
  Over 3 years and
up to 5 years
  Over 5 years   Total
    January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009
    MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$

Transactions with other entities

                                         

Agreements to repurchase

  301,979   335,826   296,602   —     13,296   11,426   —     103   —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     301,979   349,225   308,028

Obligations for securities loans

  53,204   71,433   —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     53,204   71,433   —  
                                                                                   

Total

  355,183   407,259   296,602   —     13,296   11,426   —     103   —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     355,183   420,658   308,028
                                                                                   

 

(c)    Securities given

 

         The carrying amount of securities lent and of “Payables from Repurchase Agreements and Security Lending” at December 31, 2009 is Ch$15,024 million (2008: Ch$77,789 million). The counterparty is allowed to sell or repledge those securities in the absence of default by the Bank.

 

(d)    Securities received

 

         As part of reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements the Bank has received securities that it is allowed to sell or repledge in the absence of default by the owner. At December 31, 2009 the Bank held securities with a fair value of Ch$314,230 million (2008: Ch$427,483 million) on such terms. The counterparty is allowed to sell or repledge those securities in the absence of default by the Bank. The Bank has an obligation to return the securities to its counterparties.

 

F-54


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

12. Derivative Instruments and Accounting Hedges:

 

  (a) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank’s portfolio of derivative instruments is detailed as follows:

 

          As of January 1, 2008     
          Notional amount of contract with final expiration date in    Fair value
     Types of
hedges
   Up to 1
month
   Over 1
month and
up to 3
months
   Over 3
months
and up to
12 months
   Over 1
year and
up to 3
years
   Over 3
years and
up to 5
years
   Over 5
years
   Asset    Liability
          MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Derivatives held for hedging purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   FV    —      —      —      —      —      99,164    4,923    —  

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                          

Total derivatives held for hedging purposes

      —      —      —      —      —      99,164    4,923    —  
                                          

Derivatives held-for-trading purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      1,796,223    1,025,158    1,698,637    192,259    —      —      38,004    63,716

Swaps

   —      18,736    14,916    71,208    385,136    248,197    209,632    37,907    56,374

Call options

   —      6,451    8,290    8,017    —      —      —      91    72

Put options

   —      1,831    1,991    —      —      —      —      123    —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                          

Total derivatives held-for-trading purposes

      1,823,241    1,050,355    1,777,862    577,395    248,197    209,632    76,125    120,162
                                          

Total

      1,823,241    1,050,355    1,777,862    577,395    248,197    308,796    81,048    120,162
                                          

 

F-55


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

12. Derivative Instruments and Accounting Hedges, continued:

 

          As of December 31, 2008     
          Notional amount of contract with final expiration date in    Fair value
     Types of
hedges
   Up to 1
month
   Over 1
month and
up to 3
months
   Over 3
months and
up to 12
months
   Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
   Over 3
years and
up to 5
years
   Over 5
years
   Asset    Liability
          MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Derivatives held for hedging purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      101    49    4,808    1,707    —      —      —      715

Swaps

   FV    —      —      —      8,971    19,502    181,652    25,469    11,585

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                          

Total derivatives held for hedging purposes

      101    49    4,808    10,678    19,502    181,652    25,469    12,300
                                          

Derivatives held-for-trading purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      3,243,455    3,149,344    4,226,628    398,896    77,604    —      553,610    478,580

Swaps

   —      557,155    1,462,889    4,828,835    4,947,664    3,006,265    1,129,194    321,603    368,066

Call options

   —      2,202    2,831    13,840    —      —      —      912    1,549

Put options

   —      2,202    2,202    13,211    —      —      —      323    781

Futures

   —      21,453    34,564    —      —      —      —      434    2,217

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      647,006    —      21
                                          

Total derivatives held-for-trading purposes

      3,826,467    4,651,830    9,082,514    5,346,560    3,083,869    1,776,200    876,882    851,214
                                          

Total

      3,826,568    4,651,879    9,087,322    5,357,238    3,103,371    1,957,852    902,351    863,514
                                          

 

F-56


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

12. Derivative Instruments and Accounting Hedges, continued:

 

          As of December 31, 2009     
          Notional amount of contract with final expiration date in    Fair value
     Types of
hedges
   Up to 1
month
   Over 1
month and
up to 3
months
   Over 3
months
and up to
12 months
   Over 1
year and
up to 3
years
   Over 3
years and
up to 5
years
   Over 5
years
   Asset    Liability
          MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Derivatives held for hedging purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      835    2,407    4,272    2,786    —      —      1,077    —  

Swaps

   FV    131,115    —      1,651    5,571    31,044    262,741    317    6,144

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                          

Total derivatives held for hedging purposes

      131,950    2,407    5,923    8,357    31,044    262,741    1,394    6,144
                                          

Derivatives held-for-trading purposes

                          

Forwards

   —      2,145,119    2,785,973    3,112,803    304,839    51,368    —      193,729    179,160

Swaps

   —      435,492    761,760    2,858,817    4,736,414    2,151,100    1,117,751    370,417    352,112

Call options

   —      12,752    29,099    6,102    —      —      —      300    244

Put options

   —      8,538    2,927    1,942    —      —      —      65    376

Futures

   —      25,131    60    —      —      —      —      81    183

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      631,634    —      21
                                          

Total derivatives held-for-trading purposes

      2,627,032    3,579,819    5,979,664    5,041,253    2,202,468    1,749,385    564,592    532,096
                                          

Total

      2,758,982    3,582,226    5,985,587    5,049,610    2,233,512    2,012,126    565,986    538,240
                                          

 

F-57


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

12. Derivative Instruments and Accounting Hedges, continued:

 

  (b) Types of hedges:

Fair values hedges (FV):

As of December 31, 2009, the Bank uses interest rate swaps to cover its exposure to interest rate risk of corporate bonds and commercial credits, classified as “Available for the sale instruments” and “Loans to customers”, respectively.

The Bank uses FOREX swaps or cross-currency swaps to hedge its position against changes in the fair value of bonds issued in US dollars.

For the year ended 31 of December 2009 the Bank recognized a loss/gain of Ch$(5,080) million on the hedging instruments (2008: Ch$(7,135) million). The total net gain/loss on hedged items attributable to the hedged risks amounted to Ch$3,543 million (2008: Ch$6,933 million).

Cash flow hedges (CF):

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not use cash flow hedges.

Hedges of net investments in foreign operations (FO):

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not use hedges of net investments in foreign operations.

The hedges presented in the section “Derivatives held for hedging purposes” that are not classified as FV, CF or FO are not accounted for under hedge accounting rules.

 

F-58


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

13. Loans and Advance to Banks:

 

  (a) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, amounts are detailed “Loans and Advance to Banks”, as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Domestic Banks

      

Non-available Central Bank deposits

   226,451      250,000      110,000   

Other Central Bank credits

   142      665      —     

Interbank loans

   28,419      10,004      13,796   

Current accounts overdrafts

   1      —        —     
                  

Subtotal

   255,013      260,669      123,796   
                  

Foreign Banks

      

Loans to foreign banks

   23,583      33,485      188,538   

Other credits with foreign banks

   —        28,154      137,824   

Provisions for loans to foreign banks

   (5   (316   (1,177
                  

Subtotal

   23,578      61,323      325,185   
                  

Total

   278,591      321,992      448,981   
                  

 

  (b) Provisions for loans to banks are detailed below:

 

     Bank’s Location     
Detail    Chile    Abroad    Total
     MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   —      5    5

Charge-offs

   —      —      —  

Provisions established

   —      311    311

Provisions released

   —      —      —  
              

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   —      316    316
              

Charge-offs

   —      —      —  

Provisions established

   —      861    861

Provisions released

   —      —      —  
              

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   —      1,177    1,177
              

 

F-59


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, net:

 

  (a) Loans to Customers:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the composition of the portfolio of loans is the following:

 

     As of January 1, 2008
          Allowances established      
     Assets before
allowances
   Individual
provisions
    Group
provisions
    Total     Net assets
     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$

Commercial loans

           

Commercial loans

   4,957,598    —        —        —        —  

Foreign trade loans

   856,545    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   265,061    —        —        —        —  

Factoring transactions

   470,183    —        —        —        —  

Commercial lease transactions (1)

   652,503    —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   18,534    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   7,220,424    (69,441   (2,682   (72,123   7,148,301
                           

Mortgage loans

           

Mortgage bonds

   276,686    —        —        —        —  

Transferable mortgage loans

   217,877    —        —        —        —  

Other residential real estate mortgage loans

   1,482,601    —        —        —        —  

Residential lease transactions

   —      —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   1,032    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   1,978,196    —        (8,385   (8,385   1,969,811
                           

Consumer loans

           

Consumer loans in installments

   919,092    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   214,931    —        —        —        —  

Credit card debtors

   220,438    —        —        —        —  

Consumer lease transactions

   61    —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   1,085    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   1,355,607    —        (49,116   (49,116   1,306,491
                           

Total

   10,554,227    (69,441   (60,183   (129,624   10,424,603
                           

 

(1) In this item, the Bank finances its customers purchases of assets, including real estate and other personal property, through finance lease agreements. As of January 1, 2008, MCh$293,626 corresponds to finance leases for real estate.

 

F-60


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, net, continued:

 

  (a) Loans to Customers continued:

 

     As of December 31, 2008
          Allowances established      
     Assets before
allowances
   Individual
Provisions
    Group Provisions     Total     Net assets
     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$

Commercial loans

           

Commercial loans

   6,495,383    —        —        —        —  

Foreign trade loans

   1,532,302    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   193,031    —        —        —        —  

Factoring transactions

   484,189    —        —        —        —  

Commercial lease transactions (1)

   723,857    —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   30,451    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   9,459,213    (105,854   (10,299   (116,153   9,343,060
                           

Mortgage loans

           

Mortgage bonds

   263,876    —        —        —        —  

Transferable mortgage loans

   230,003    —        —        —        —  

Other residential real estate mortgage loans

   1,822,185    —        —        —        —  

Residential lease transactions

   —      —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   1,012    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   2,317,076    —        (13,275   (13,275   2,303,801
                           

Consumer loans

           

Consumer loans in installments

   1,345,985    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   250,158    —        —        —        —  

Credit card debtors

   312,109    —        —        —        —  

Consumer lease transactions

   54    —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   977    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   1,909,283    —        (95,680   (95,680   1,813,603
                           

Total

   13,685,572    (105,854   (119,254   (225,108   13,460,464
                           

 

(1) In this item, the Bank finances its customers purchases of assets, including real estate and other personal property, through finance lease agreements. As of December 31, 2008 MCh$311,618 corresponds to finance leases for real estate.

 

F-61


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, net, continued:

 

  (a) Loans to Customers continued:

 

     As of December 31, 2009
          Allowances established      
     Assets before
allowances
  

Individual

Provisions

    Group
Provisions
    Total     Net assets
     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$

Commercial loans

           

Commercial loans

   6,693,165    —        —        —        —  

Foreign trade loans

   786,874    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   135,402    —        —        —        —  

Factoring transactions

   343,057    —        —        —        —  

Commercial lease transactions (1)

   696,040    —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   66,638    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   8,721,176    (127,954   (61,656   (189,610   8,531,566
                           

Mortgage loans

           

Mortgage bonds

   208,971    —        —        —        —  

Transferable mortgage loans

   238,875    —        —        —        —  

Other residential real estate mortgage loans

   2,078,099    —        —        —        —  

Residential lease transactions

   —      —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   1,061    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   2,527,006    —        (13,899   (13,899   2,513,107
                           

Consumer loans

           

Consumer loans in installments

   1,346,188    —        —        —        —  

Current account debtors

   235,366    —        —        —        —  

Credit card debtors

   360,880    —        —        —        —  

Consumer lease transactions

   —      —        —        —        —  

Other loans and accounts receivable

   640    —        —        —        —  
                           

Subtotal

   1,943,074    —        (108,592   (108,592   1,834,482
                           

Total

   13,191,256    (127,954   (184,147   (312,101   12,879,155
                           

 

(1) In this item, the Bank finances its customers purchases of assets, including real estate and other personal property, through finance lease agreements. As of December 31, 2009, MCh$326,997 corresponds to finance leases for real estate.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, net, continued:

 

  (b) Allowances for loan losses:

Movements in allowances for loan losses during 2008 and 2009 periods are as follows:

 

     Allowances        
     Individual     Group     Total  
     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$  

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   69,441      60,183      129,624   

Balance from Citibank Chile

   —        20,883      20,883   

Charge-offs:

      

Commercial loans

   (29,616   (3,935   (33,551

Mortgage loans

   —        (2,820   (2,820

Consumer loans

   —        (76,618   (76,618
                  

Total charge-offs

   (29,616   (83,373   (112,989

Allowances established

   66,271      121,593      187,864   

Allowances released

   (242   (32   (274
                  

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   105,854      119,254      225,108   
                  

Balance as of January 1, 2009

   105,854      119,254      225,108   

Charge-offs:

      

Commercial loans

   (79,509   (6,521   (86,030

Mortgage loans

   —        (2,088   (2,088

Consumer loans

   —        (93,675   (93,675
                  

Total charge-offs

   (79,509   (102,284   (181,793

Allowances established

   101,609      168,696      270,305   

Allowances released

   —        (1,519   (1,519
                  

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   127,954      184,147      312,101   
                  

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, net, continued:

 

  (c) Lease Contracts:

The Bank’s scheduled cash flows to be received from leasing contracts have the following maturities:

 

     Total receivable    Unearned income     Net lease receivable (*)
     2008    2009    2008     2009     2008    2009
     MCh$    MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$    MCh$

Due within one year

   274,077    232,380    (34,417   (29,704   239,660    202,676

Due after 1 year but within 2 years

   178,299    170,337    (23,336   (22,540   154,963    147,797

Due after 2 years but within 3 years

   120,661    110,362    (15,779   (15,564   104,882    94,798

Due after 3 years but within 4 years

   71,272    75,162    (10,964   (11,257   60,308    63,905

Due after 4 years but within 5 years

   49,196    56,258    (8,070   (8,363   41,126    47,895

Due after 5 years

   143,021    158,025    (20,817   (20,384   122,204    137,641
                               

Total

   836,526    802,524    (113,383   (107,812   723,143    694,712
                               

 

(*) The net balance receivable does not include past-due portfolio totaling MCh$768 and MCh$1,328 as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

The Bank has entered into commercial leases of real estate, industrial machinery, vehicles and computer equipment. These leases have an average life of between 3 and 6 years with no renewal option included in the contract.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

14. Loans to Customers, continued:

 

  (d) Loans by industry sector:

The following table details the Bank’s loan portfolio (before allowances for loans losses) as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009 by the customer’s industry sector:

 

    Location                        
    Chile   Abroad   Total
    January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
      2008       2009    
    MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   %   MCh$   %   MCh$   %

Commercial loans:

                       

Services

  1,707,406   2,061,295   2,077,488   226,572   227,942   362,771   1,933,978   18.33   2,289,237   16.73   2,440,259   18.47

Commerce

  1,000,838   1,431,965   1,241,840   8,182   6,892   2,851   1,009,020   9.56   1,438,857   10.52   1,244,691   9.43

Manufacturing

  891,983   1,162,398   822,754   —     —     —     891,983   8.45   1,162,398   8.49   822,754   6.25

Construction

  869,609   963,634   1,044,405   —     —     —     869,609   8.24   963,634   7.04   1,044,405   7.92

Agriculture and livestock

  399,978   531,705   533,867   —     —     —     399,978   3.79   531,705   3.89   533,867   4.05

Transportation

  237,564   266,888   267,267   —     —     —     237,564   2.25   266,888   1.95   267,267   2.03

Mining

  36,832   210,039   174,452   —     —     —     36,832   0.35   210,039   1.53   174,452   1.32

Electricity, gas and water

  92,433   207,734   164,529   —     —     —     92,433   0.88   207,734   1.52   164,529   1.25

Fishing

  75,995   164,905   98,969   —     —     —     75,995   0.72   164,905   1.20   98,969   0.75

Telecom

  76,994   97,495   112,799   —     —     —     76,994   0.73   97,495   0.71   112,799   0.86

Forestry

  15,381   17,891   15,310     —     —     15,381   0.15   17,891   0.13   15,310   0.12

Other

  1,575,661   2,107,141   1,801,361   4,996   1,289   513   1,580,657   14.98   2,108,430   15.41   1,801,874   13.66
                                               

Subtotal

  6,980,674   9,223,090   8,355,041   239,750   236,123   366,135   7,220,424   68.43   9,459,213   69.12   8,721,176   66.11
                                               

Residential mortgage loans

  1,978,196   2,317,076   2,527,006   —     —     —     1,978,196   18.74   2,317,076   16.93   2,527,006   19.16

Consumer loans

  1,355,607   1,909,283   1,943,074   —     —     —     1,355,607   12.83   1,909,283   13.95   1,943,074   14.73
                                               

Total

  10,314,477   13,449,449   12,825,121   239,750   236,123   366,135   10,554,227   100.00   13,685,572   100.00   13,191,256   100.00
                                               

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

15. Financial Assets Available-for-sale:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, investment securities classified as available-for-sale are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
   2008    2009
     MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile:

        

Bonds issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank

   —      178,388    25,880

Promissory notes issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank

   —      203,577    285,486

Other instruments

   —      41,716    136,923

Other instruments issued in Chile:

        

Equity instruments valued at cost

   1,062    2,114    2,112

Deposit promissory notes from domestic banks

   —      —      —  

Mortgage bonds from domestic banks

   —      63,696    79,220

Bonds from domestic banks

   —      66,265    55,111

Deposits from domestic banks

   —      368,341    407,432

Bonds from other Chilean companies

   —      46,569    73,174

Instruments issued by foreign institutions:

        

Instruments from foreign governments or central banks

   —      —      —  

Other instruments issued abroad

   —      102,886    202,436
              

Total

   1,062    1,073,552    1,267,774
              

Instruments issued by the Chilean Government and Central Bank include instruments with agreements to repurchase sold to clients and financial institutions, totaling MCh$77,789 and MCh$15,024 as of December 31, 2008 and 2009. The agreements to repurchase have an average maturity of 12 days and 9 days as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008, and 2009, the portfolio of financial assets available-for-sale includes a net unrealized gain (loss) of MCh$0, MCh$(14,352) and MCh$8,839, recorded in other comprehensive income within equity. In 2008 MCh$2,340 of net unrealized losses were recognized as a result of the business combination with Citibank Chile.

The equity investments values at cost represent shares of servicing companies that the Bank is obliged to hold in order to benefit from these services. There is no active market for these shares and their fair value cannot be measured reliably. However, the difference between cost and fair value is not expected to be significant.

During 2008 and 2009, there is no evidence of impairment of financial assets available-for-sale.

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank and its subsidiaries do not hold financial assets held-to-maturity.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

16. Investments in Other Companies:

 

  (a) This item includes investments in other companies for an amount of MCh$7,942, MCh$11,293 and MCh$10,494, which is detailed as follows:

 

                                Investment  
        Ownership Interest   Equity   Book Value   Income (Loss)(2)  
        January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   January 1,
2008
  2009   2008   January 1,
2008
  2008   2009   2008   2009  
Company   Shareholder   %   %   %   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$   MCh$  

Investments valued at equity method:

                       

Servipag Ltda.

  Banco de Chile   50.00   50.00   50.00   3,923   5,394   5,424   2,005   2,697   2,712   693   15   

Redbanc S.A.

  Banco de Chile   38.13   38.13   38.13   3,939   5,026   5,081   1,240   1,916   1,937   294   202   

Transbank S.A.

  Banco de Chile   26.16   26.16   26.16   5,651   7,631   7,006   1,204   1,996   1,833   537   254   

Soc. Operadora de Tarjetas de Crédito Nexus S.A.

  Banco de Chile   25.81   25.81   25.81   4,679   7,228   6,412   1,805   1,866   1,655   294   188   

Artikos Chile S.A.

  Banco de Chile   50.00   50.00   50.00   462   690   1,397   221   345   698   124   353   

Administrador Financiero de Transantiago S.A.

  Banco de Chile   20.00   20.00   20.00   4,103   5,988   2,915   672   1,197   583   1,005   (613

Soc. Operadora de la Cámara de Compensación de Pagos de Alto Valor S.A. (1)

  Banco de Chile   20.19   20.19   14.17   3,636   3,215   3,073   339   649   436   237   74   

Sociedad Interbancaria de Depósitos de Valores S.A.

  Banco de Chile   26.81   26.81   26.81   1,224   1,238   1,260   187   332   338   96   85   

Centro de Compensación Automatizado S.A.

  Banco de Chile   33.33   33.33   33.33   823   885   906   269   295   302   44   18   
                                   

Total

                7,942   11,293   10,494   3,324   576   

 

(1) On May 12, 2009, the Bank sold 6.02% of its investment in Soc. Operator of Cámara de Compensación de Pagos de Alto Valor S.A. in an amount of Ch$169 million, without generating any results.
(2) As of December 31, 2008 and 2009 Income attributable to associates as shown in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income includes MCh$240 and MCh$264 respectively, which relate to investments classified as financial assets available-for-sale.

As of December 31, 2009, the Bank owns 365,102 shares (365,102 shares in 2008) of Visa, Inc., which are valued $1. This participation was originated by the Visa transformation in a Joint-stock company that compromises its shares in Stock market, corresponding to Banco de Chile the indicated amount product of their participation in this business.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

16. Investments in Other Companies, continued:

 

The total carrying amount of the Bank’s associates is explained as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
    2008    2009
     MCh$     MCh$    MCh$

Share of the associate’s statement of financial position

       

Current assets

   218,330      309,727    296,905

Non-current assets

   161,895      403,997    236,836

Current liabilities

   215,127      461,741    370,540

Non-current liabilities

   134,695      216,694    130,380

Equity

   30,403      35,289    32,821

Share of the associate’s revenue and profit

       

Revenue

   (4,862   7,628    669

Profit

   (10,917   7,256    523

Carrying amount of the investment

   7,942      11,293    10,494

 

  (b) The reconciliation between opening and ending balance of investments in other companies that are not consolidated in 2009 and 2008 is detailed as follows:

 

     2008     2009  
     MCh$     MCh$  

Opening balance

   7,942      11,293   

Acquisitions (sales)

   1,785      (169

Participation in net income

   3,564      840   

Dividends received

   (1,015   (1,002

Other

   (983   (468
            

Total

   11,293      10,494   
            

 

F-68


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

17. Intangible Assets:

 

  (a) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, Intangible assets are detailed as follows:

 

     Years                                      
     Useful life    Remaining amortization    Gross balance    Accumulated amortization
and impairment
    Net balance
     January 1,
2008
   2008    2009    January 1,
2008
   2008    2009    January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
   January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Type of intangible asset:

                                         

Goodwill:

                                         

Investments in other companies

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      16,714    16,714    —        —        —        —      16,714    16,714

Other Intangible Assets:

                                         

Software or computer programs

   6    6    6    5    3    4    47,452    60,159    68,505    (26,687   (33,282   (41,453   20,765    26,877    27,052

Intangible assets arising from business combinations(*)

   —      7    7    —      6    5    3,581    56,249    56,249    —        (6,127   (12,404   3,581    50,122    43,845

Other intangible assets

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,179    632    612    (5   (21   (41   1,174    611    571
                                                                 

Total

                     52,212    133,754    142,080    (26,692   (39,430   (53,898   25,520    94,324    88,182
                                                                 

 

(*) Intangible assets arising from business combinations include assets with indefinite useful lives acquired in the business combination with Citibank Chile. For further information refer to Note 4 - Business Combinations.

 

F-69


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

17. Intangible Assets, continued:

 

 

  (b) Movements in intangible assets during the 2008 and 2009 periods are as follows:

 

     Goodwill    Software or computer
programs
    Intangible assets
arising from
business
combinations(**)
    Other
intangible
assets
    Total  
     MCh$    MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$  

Gross Balance

           

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   —      47,452      3,581      1,179      52,212   

Acquisitions

   16,714    13,451      56,249      10      86,424   

Disposals

   —      (744   —        (557   (1,301

Other

      —        (3,581   —        (3,581
                             

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   16,714    60,159      56,249      632      133,754   
                             

Acquisitions

   —      8,346      —        23      8,369   

Disposals

   —      —        —        —        —     

Other

   —      —        —        (43   (43
                             

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   16,714    68,505      56,249      612      142,080   
                             

Accumulated Amortization and Impairment

           

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   —      (26,687   —        (5   (26,692

Amortization for the year (*)

   —      (6,595   (9,708   (16   (16,319

Impairment loss

   —      —        —        —        —     

Foreign currency translation

   —      —        —        —        —     

Other

   —      —        3,581      —        3,581   
                             

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   —      (33,282   (6,127   (21   (39,430
                             

Amortization for the year (*)

   —      (8,208   (6,277   (20   (14,505

Impairment loss

   —      —        —        —        —     

Foreign currency translation

   —      —        —        —        —     

Other

   —      37      —        —        37   
                             

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   —      (41,453   (12,404   (41   (53,898
                             

Net balance as of December 31, 2009

   16,714    27,052      43,845      571      88,182   
                             

 

(*) No impairment has been identified at the end of each year.
(**) Intangible assets arising from business combinations include assets with indefinite useful lives acquired in the business combination with Citibank Chile. For further information refer to Note 4 - Business Combinations.

 

F-70


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

17. Intangible Assets, continued:

 

  (c) Impairment testing of Goodwill

Goodwill acquired through business combinations has been allocated to 4 individual cash-generating units for impairment testing as follows:

 

Business Segments    2008    2009
     MCh$    MCh$

Retail

   5,928    5,928

Wholesale

   2,135    2,135

Treasury and money market operations

   4,512    4,512

Subsidiaries

   4,139    4,139
         

Total

   16,714    16,714
         

Key Assumptions used in the value in use calculations for impairment testing:

The recoverable amounts of the cash-generating units have been determined based on value in use calculations using detailed cash flow projections over a 5-year period and additional projections based on the asset’s useful life estimated by extrapolating the cash flows of the detailed calculations.

The calculations for these units are most sensitive to the input factors such as interest margin, discount rates, terminal value, market shares, forecasted growth rates, expected GDP growth and inflation rates.

 

  (d) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank has made the following commitments to purchase intangible assets, which have not been capitalized:

 

     Amount of Commitment
     January 1,
2008
   2008    2009
     MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Software and licenses

   1,884    1,054    3,671

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

18. Property and Equipment:

 

  (a) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, this account and its movements are detailed as follows:

 

     Land and
Buildings
    Equipment     Other     Total  
     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$  

Cost

        

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   137,764      72,506      110,704      320,974   

Accumulated depreciation

   (17,050   (41,365   (63,156   (121,571

Net balance as of January 1, 2008

   120,714      31,141      47,548      199,403   

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   137,764      72,506      110,704      320,974   

Additions resulting from business combinations

   27,912      33,870      473      62,255   

Additions

   1,620      5,636      9,309      16,565   

Disposals/write-downs

   (32   (458   (1,180   (1,670

Other

   996      —        (1   995   
                        

Total

   168,260      111,554      119,305      399,119   

Accumulated depreciation

   (11,912   (63,792   (70,926   (146,630

Accumulated depreciation from business combinations

   (15,873   (25,237   —        (41,110

Impairment loss

   —        —        —        —     
                        

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   140,475      22,525      48,379      211,379   
                        

Balance as of January 1, 2009

   168,260      111,554      119,305      399,119   

Additions

   3,245      7,161      4,919      15,325   

Disposals/write-downs

   (82   (2,501   (1,894   (4,477

Other

   (208   (73   333      52   
                        

Total

   171,215      116,141      122,663      410,019   

Accumulated depreciation

   (30,155   (92,922   (81,095   (204,172

Impairment loss

   —        —        —        —     
                        

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   141,060      23,219      41,568      205,847   
                        

 

F-72


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

18. Property and equipment, continued:

 

 

  (b) As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank has operating lease agreements in which it acts as lessee that cannot be terminated unilaterally; Information on future payments is detailed as follows:

 

     Expenses for the
year
   Up to 1 month    Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
   Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
   Over 1 year
and up to 3 years
   Over 3 years
and up to 5 years
   Over 5 years    Total
     2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009    2008    2009
     MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$    MCh$

Lease agreements

   20,558    21,515    1,435    1,357    2,871    2,713    12,273    12,204    24,952    22,309    15,664    15,174    27,778    26,596    84,973    80,353

As these lease agreements are operating leases under IAS 17 the leased assets are not presented in the Bank’s statement of financial position.

The Bank has entered into commercial leases of real state. These leases have an average life of 10 years. There are no restrictions placed upon the lessee by entering into the lease.

 

  (c) As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank does not have any finance lease agreements as lessee and, therefore, there are no property and equipment balances to be reported from such transactions as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

19. Investment Properties:

 

     2008     2009  
     MCh$     MCh$  

Opening balance at January 1,

   16,459      18,397   

Additions resulting from business combinations

   2,311      —     

Disposals

   —        —     

Accumulated depreciation

   (373   (557

Impairment

   —        —     
            

Closing balance as of December 31,

   18,397      17,840   
            

Estimated useful lives applied by the Bank are presented in Note 2 (q) on Property and equipment.

As of December 31, 2009 the fair value of the investment properties held by the Bank is Ch$20,033 million (January 1, 2008: Ch$16,459 million, December 31, 2008: Ch$20,521 million).

In 2009, the Bank earned income of Ch$4,109 million (2008: Ch$3,742 million) renting out their investment properties. In the same period it has incurred corresponding expenses of Ch$4.3 million per year.

20. Current Taxes and Deferred Taxes:

 

  (a) Current Tax:

As of each year end, the Bank and its subsidiaries have established a First Category Income Tax Provision of MCh$5,922 as of January 1, 2008 and MCh$9,053 and MCh$39,018 as of December 31, 2008 and 2009, determined in accordance with current tax laws. This provision is presented net of recoverable taxes, detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
    2008     2009  
     MCh$     MCh$     MCh$  

Income taxes, 17% rate

   26,218      41,838      68,954   

Tax from previous periods

   —        —        3,052   

Tax on non-deductible expenses (Art. 21)

   —        2,485      2,319   

Less:

      

Monthly prepaid taxes (PPM)

   (18,911   (33,823   (33,660

Accumulated losses (Art. 31-3)

   —        (7   —     

Credit for training expenses

   (898   (1,409   (1,328

Credit for purchase of property and equipment

   (20   (78   —     

Other

   (467   47      (319
                  

Total

   5,922      9,053      39,018   
                  

 

F-74


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

20. Current and Deferred Taxes, continued:

 

  (b) Income Tax:

The Bank’s tax expense recorded for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009 is detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Income tax expense:

    

Current year taxes

   (41,838   (68,954

Tax from previous periods

   —        (1,722
            

Subtotal

   (41,838   (70,676
            

Credit (charge) for deferred taxes:

    

Origin and reversal of temporary differences

   10,713      33,945   

Change in unrecognized temporary differences

   —        (1,330
            

Subtotal

   10,713      32,615   
            

Non deductible expenses (Art. 21)

   (2,485   (2,319

Expenses for taxes abroad

   (2,866   —     

Other

   1,163      (9
            

Net charge to income for income taxes

   (35,313   (40,389
            

 

  (c) Reconciliation of effective tax rate:

The following table reconciles the income tax rate to the effective rate applied to determine the Bank’s income tax expense as of December 31, 2008 and 2009.

 

     2008     2009  
     Tax rate
%
    MCh$     Tax rate
%
    MCh$  

Net income before tax

   17.00      68,062      17.00      51,363   

Additions or deductions1

   (6.06   (24,257   (6.78   (20,478

Non-deductible expenses

   0.62      2,485      0.77      2,319   

Tax from previous years

   —        —        1.01      3,052   

Tax incentives not recognized in income statement

   (1.67   (6,671   (1.09   (3,290

Other

   (1.08   (4,306   2.46      7,423   
                        

Effective rate and income tax expense

   8.81      35,313      13.37      40,389   
                        

The effective income tax rate for the year 2008 is 8.81% and 13.37% for 2009. The increase between the periods is mainly due to price level restatements for tax purposes. Since the variation of Consumer price Index (CPI) was negative in 2009, such price level restatements were not applied.

 

(1) The reductions of the tax rate for 2008 and 2009 mainly relate to specific adjustments from tax-exempt distribution of income to SAOS of 34.64% of the Bank’s profits as well as adjustments relating to its subsidiaries.

 

F-75


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

20. Current and Deferred Taxes, continued:

 

  (d) Effect of deferred taxes on income and equity:

During the year 2009, the Bank has recorded the effects of deferred taxes in accordance with IAS 12.

The effects of deferred taxes on assets, liabilities and income accounts are detailed as follows:

 

     Balance as
of January  1,
2008

MCh$
    Balance from
Citibank  Chile
MCh$
   

 

Effect

    Balance as
of December  31,
2008

MCh$
   

 

Effect

    Balance as
of December  31,
2009

MCh$
 
       Income
MCh$
    Equity
MCh$
      Income
MCh$
    Equity
MCh$
   
                

Debit Differences:

                

Allowances for loan losses

   23,496      3,129      11,418      —        38,043      18,525      —        56,568   

Obligations with agreements to repurchase

   3,503      —        4,598      —        8,101      (9,194   —        (1,093

Leasing equipment

   2,892      441      (22   —        3,311      2,665      —        5,976   

Personnel provisions

   2,510      —        1,317      —        3,827      (538   —        3,289   

Staff vacations

   2,246      544      266      —        3,056      (205   —        2,851   

Accrued interests and indexation adjustments from past due loans

   1,576      47      760      —        2,383      (1,266   —        1,117   

Staff severance indemnities provisions

   1,094      —        (200   —        894      175      —        1,069   

Other adjustments

   4,469      4,126      (4,463   —        4,132      (1,806   —        2,326   
                                                

Total debit differences

   41,786      8,287      13,674      —        63,747      8,356      —        72,103   
                                                

Credit Differences:

                

Investments with agreements to repurchase

   4,520      —        3,323      —        7,843      (7,843   —        —     

Depreciation of property and equipment and investment properties

   12,416      (910   2,701      —        14,207      (82   —        14,125   

Deferred taxes, modification of accounting method in equity

   —        557      (5   —        552      (96   —        456   

Adjustment for valuation financial assets available-for-sale

   —        (479   —        (2,940   (3,419   —        4,750      1,331   

Transitory assets

   3,536      1,028      97      —        4,661      (2,826   —        1,835   

Derivative instruments adjustments

   (10   —        (516   —        (526   (10,740   —        (11,266

Other adjustments

   5,291      5,026      (2,639   10,883      18,561      (2,672   —        15,889   
                                                

Total credit differences

   25,753      5,222      2,961      7,943      41,879      (24,259   4,750      22,370   
                                                

Deferred tax assets, net

   16,033      3,065      10,713      (7,943   21,868      32,615      (4,750   49,733   
                                                

 

F-76


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

20. Current and Deferred Taxes, continued:

 

  (d) Effect of deferred taxes on income and equity:

Deferred tax related to items charged or credited directly to equity during the year:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
 

Adjustment for valuation financial assets available-for-sale

   2,940    (4,750
           

Total

   2,940    (4,750
           

21. Other Assets:

 

  (a) Item detail:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, other assets are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Documents intermediated

   146,938      90,864      90,108   

Mutual funds

   164,385      52,979      80,237   

Assets held for leasing (*)

   37,697      39,903      45,962   

Pending transactions

   —        16,399      16,325   

Other accounts and notes receivable

   57,465      10,411      7,705   

Assets received or awarded as payment:

      

Assets received in lieu of payment

   515      3,052      8,522   

Provisions for assets received in lieu of payment

   (229   (32   (229

VAT receivable

   5,764      3,876      4,974   

Transactions in progress

   8,430      8,960      4,411   

Recovered leased assets for sale

   220      251      3,688   

Recoverable income taxes

   1,075      2,910      3,626   

Commissions receivable

   1,309      6,724      3,161   

Prepaid expenses

   1,611      1,690      1,722   

Rental guarantees

   524      840      872   

Materials and supplies

   659      975      610   

Accounts receivable for sale of assets received in lieu of payment

   3,009      584      353   

Other

   20,426      11,101      10,825   
                  

Total

   449,798      251,487      282,872   
                  

 

(*) These correspond to property and equipment to be given under a finance lease.

 

F-77


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

21. Other Assets, continued:

 

  (b) Movements in the provision for assets received in lieu of payment during 2009 and 2008 periods are detailed as follows:

 

     MCh$  

Balance as of January 1, 2008

   229   

Provisions used

   —     

Provisions established

   64   

Provisions released

   (261
      

Balance as of December 31, 2008

   32   

Provisions used

   (11

Provisions established

   250   

Provisions released

   (42
      

Balance as of December 31, 2009

   229   
      

22. Current Accounts and Other Demand Deposits:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, current accounts and other demand deposits are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Current accounts

   1,844,164    2,534,753    3,127,934

Other demand deposits and accounts

   256,778    179,915    251,217

Other demand deposits

   184,415    292,593    338,925
              

Total

   2,285,357    3,007,261    3,718,076
              

23. Saving Accounts and Time Deposits:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, saving accounts and time deposits are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Time deposits

   6,249,999    8,309,720    7,264,809

Term saving accounts

   139,127    157,270    158,035

Other term balances payable

   3,987    5,600    4,637
              

Total

   6,393,113    8,472,590    7,427,481
              

 

F-78


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

24. Borrowings from Financial Institutions:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, borrowings from financial institutions are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Domestic banks

        

Interbank loans

   58,678    —      3,177

Current account overdrafts

   15,270    2,598    701

Non-transferable time deposits

   —      —      —  

Long-term borrowings

   —      —      —  

Other obligations

   —      —      —  
              

Subtotal

   73,948    2,598    3,878
              

Foreign banks

        

Foreign trade financing

        

Chilean export financing

   762,669    1,467,547    1,194,316

Chilean import financing

   —      22,410    14,804

Obligations for third-party country transactions

   —      —      —  

Borrowings and other obligations

        

Short-term borrowings

   —      —      —  

Current account overdrafts

   20,199    5,681    24

Non-transferable time deposits

   —      —      —  

Long-term borrowings

   —      —      —  

Other obligations

   —      6    —  
              

Subtotal

   782,868    1,495,644    1,209,144
              

Chilean Central Bank

        

Borrowings and other obligations

   —      —      155,090

Debt reprogramming credit lines

   513    307    114
              

Subtotal

   513    307    155,204
              

Total

   857,329    1,498,549    1,368,226
              

 

F-79


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

25. Debt Issued:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, Debt issued is detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Mortgage bonds

   396,731    349,928    265,581

Bonds

   772,801    994,583    815,734

Subordinated bonds

   446,395    555,576    506,683
              

Total

   1,615,927    1,900,087    1,587,998
              

During 2007, Banco de Chile issued bonds by an amount of Ch$228,163 million, of which Ch$191,244 million correspond to normal bonds and Ch$36,919 million correspond to subordinated bonds, respectively.

Bonds

 

Series

   MCh$    Term    Interest rate    Currency    Issued date    Maturity date

BCHI-S0207

   36,667    10 years    3.2% annual    UF    16/03/2007    16/03/2017

BCHI-U0207

   37,793    10 years    3.7% annual    UF    29/06/2007    29/06/2017

BCHI-W0807

   77,514    5 years    3.1% annual    UF    12/10/2007    12/10/2012

BCHI-S0207

   39,270    10 years    3.2% annual    UF    13/11/2007    13/11/2017
                   

Total

   191,244               
                   

Subordinated Bonds

 

Series

   MCh$    Term    Interest rate    Currency    Issued date    Maturity date

UCHID10402

   36,919    24 years    4.5 annual    UF    26/04/2007    26/04/2031
                   

Total

   36,919               
                   

During 2008, Banco de Chile issued bonds by an amount of Ch$211,126 million, of which Ch$157,210 million correspond to normal bonds and Ch$53,916 million correspond to subordinated bonds, respectively.

 

F-80


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

25. Debt Issued, continued:

 

Bonds

 

Series

   MCh$    Term    Interest rate    Currency    Issued date    Maturity date

BCHI-Y1207

   79,400    5 years    3.3% annual    UF    01/02/2008    01/02/2013

BCHI-X1207

   77,810    6 years    2.5% annual    UF    01/08/2008    01/08/2014
                   

Total

   157,210               
                   

Subordinated Bonds

 

Series

   MCh$    Term    Interest rate    Currency    Issued date    Maturity date

UCHI-F1108

   21,566    25 years    4.5% annual    UF    05/12/2008    05/12/2033

UCHI-F1108

   32,350    25 years    4.5% annual    UF    09/12/2008    05/12/2033
                   

Total

   53,916               
                   

During 2009, Banco de Chile issued subordinated bonds totalling Ch$21,137 million, according to the following details:

Subordinated Bonds

 

Series

   MCh$    Term    Interest rate    Currency    Issued date    Maturity date

UCHI-F1108

   16,042    25 years    4.5% annual    UF    22/07/2009    22/07/2034

UCHI-F1108

   5,095    25 years    4.5% annual    UF    23/07/2009    23/07/2034
                   

Total

   21,137               
                   

During the years 2008 and 2009, the Bank has not had breaches of capital, interest or other breaches with respect to its debts instruments.

26. Other Financial Obligations:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, other financial institutions are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Public sector obligations

   4,870    45,708    46,410

Other Chilean obligations

   58,171    48,000    129,740
              

Total

   63,041    93,708    176,150
              

 

F-81


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

27. Provisions:

 

  (a) As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, provisions are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Provision for minimum dividends

   70,874    109,516    78,524

Other provisions for contingencies

   8,216    11,699    10,083
              

Total

   79,090    121,215    88,607
              

 

  (b) The following table details the movements in provisions during the 2008 and 2009 periods:

 

     Minimum
dividends
MCh$
    Other
contingencies
MCh$
    Total
MCh$
 

Balances as of January 1, 2008

   70,874      8,216      79,090   

Provisions established

   109,516      10,714      120,230   

Provisions used

   (70,874   (6,899   (77,773

Provisions released

   —        (332   (332

Other movements

   —        —        —     
                  

Balances as of December 31, 2008

   109,516      11,699      121,215   
                  

Balances as of January 1, 2009

   109,516      11,699      121,215   

Provisions established

   78,524      5,045      83,569   

Provisions used

   (109,516   (6,661   (116,177

Provisions released

   —        —        —     

Other movements

   —        —        —     
                  

Balances as of December 31, 2009

   78,524      10,083      88,607   
                  

 

F-82


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

28. Employee Benefits:

 

  (a) Provisions for personnel benefits and payroll

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Short-term personnel benefits

   13,034    20,836    18,079

Vacation accrual

   13,622    18,152    17,168

Pension plan – defined benefit plan (letter b)

   8,335    6,924    7,955
              

Total

   34,991    45,912    43,202
              

 

  (b) Pension plan – Defined benefit plan:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$

Current service cost

   1,221      507

Interest cost on benefit obligation

   732      340

Actuarial gains and losses

   (1,095   1,215
          

Net benefit expense

   858      2,062
          

The net benefit expense is recognized under “Personnel Expenses” (Note 37).

Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Opening defined benefit obligation, January 1,

   8,335      6,924   

Contributions by the employer

   1,221      507   

Benefits paid

   (2,269   (1,031

Prepayments

   —        —     

Actuarial gains and losses

   (363   1,555   
            

Closing defined benefit obligation

   6,924      7,955   
            

 

F-83


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

28. Employee Benefits, continued:

 

The principal assumptions used in determining pension obligations for the Bank’s plan are shown below:

 

     January 1,
2008

%
   December 31,
2008

%
   December 31,
2009

%

Discount rate

   7.70    8.78    4.91

Annual salary increase

   2.00    2.00    2.00

Payment probability

   93.00    93.00    93.00

The most recent actuarial valuation of the present value of the benefit plan obligation was carried out at December 31, 2009.

 

  c) Provisions for share-based employee benefits:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank and its subsidiaries do not have a share compensation plan.

29. Other Liabilities:

As of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, other liabilities are detailed as follows:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Accounts and notes payable (*)

   47,745    79,540    152,873

Documents intermediated

   147,202    98,827    95,440

Financial guarantees

   4,486    5,580    8,133

VAT payable

   6,617    7,829    8,064

Leasing deferred gains

   7,382    7,568    5,932

Deferred income

   3,150    2,359    2,145

Pending transactions

   7,246    3,407    1,066

Other

   4,828    5,574    6,739
              

Total

   228,656    210,684    280,392
              

 

(*) This item includes obligations that fall outside the Bank’s line of business such as withholding taxes, social security payments, insurance payable, balances for material purchases and provisions for expenses pending payment.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

30. Contingencies and Commitments:

 

  (a) Commitments accounted for on off-balance-sheet accounts:

In order to satisfy its customers’ needs, the Bank entered into several irrevocable commitments and contingent obligations. Although these obligations are not recognized in the Statement of Financial Position, they entail credit risks and, therefore, form part of the Bank’s overall risk.

 

     January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Off-balance-sheet accounts

        

Guarantees and surety bonds

   161,071    212,914    114,012

Confirmed foreign letters of credit

   119,663    45,782    55,267

Issued foreign letters of credit

   111,949    109,066    118,028

Bank guarantees

   932,084    1,111,018    1,168,059

Immediately available credit lines

   2,997,792    3,113,239    3,352,973

Transactions on behalf of third parties

        

Collections

   422,920    393,039    474,078

Third-party resources managed by the Bank:

        

Financial assets managed on behalf of third parties

   —      1,292    34,845

Other assets managed on behalf of third parties

   —      —      —  

Financial assets acquired on its own behalf

   —      9,207    8,692

Other assets acquired on its own behalf

   —      —      —  
              

Total

   4,745,479    4,995,557    5,325,954
              

 

  (b) Lawsuits and legal proceedings:

 

  (b.1) Legal contingencies within the ordinary course of business:

In the ordinary course of business, the Bank and its subsidiaries act as defendant or co-defendant in various litigation matters. Although there can be no assurances, the Bank’s management believes, based on information currently available, that the ultimate resolution of these legal proceedings are not likely to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity. As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank has established provisions for this concept in the amount of MCh$483 and MCh$667, recorded within “Provisions” in the statement of financial position.

 

  (b.2) Contingencies for significant lawsuits:

As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, the Bank is not party to any significant lawsuits that affect or may affect these consolidated financial statements.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

30. Contingencies and Commitments, continued:

 

  (c) Guarantees granted:

 

  i. In subsidiary Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.:

In compliance with article 226 and subsequent articles of Law 18,045, Banchile Administradora General de Fondos S.A., has designated Banco de Chile as the representative of the beneficiaries of the guarantees it has established and in that character the Bank has issued bank guarantees totaling UF 2,087,000, maturing January 8, 2010.

 

  ii. In subsidiary Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.:

For the purposes of ensuring correct and complete compliance with all of its obligations as broker-dealer entity, in conformity with the provisions of article 30 and subsequent articles of Law 18,045 on Securities Markets, the subsidiary established a guarantee in an insurance policy for UF 20,000, insured by Cía. de Seguros de Crédito Continental S.A., that matures April 22, 2010, whereby the Securities Exchange of the Santiago Stock Exchange was appointed as the subsidiary’s creditors representative.

The Banks has given the following guarantees in relation to this subsidiary’s business activities.

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Guarantees:

        

Shares to secure short-sale transactions in:

        

Securities Exchange of the Santiago Stock Exchange

   1,237    5,894    27,071

Securities Exchange of the Electronic Stock Exchange of Chile

   31,411    22,240    49,639

Money Market a Pershing Division of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation

   58    76    62
              

Total

   32,706    28,210    76,772
              

In conformity with the provisions of internal stock market regulations, and for the purpose of securing the broker’s correct performance, the company established a pledge on its share of the Santiago Stock Exchange in favor of that institution, as recorded in Public Deed on September 13, 1990, signed before Santiago public notary Mr. Raúl Perry Pefaur, and on its share in the Electronic Stock Exchange of Chile in favor of that institution, as recorded in a contract entered into by both parties on May 16, 1990.

Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. keeps an insurance policy current with La Interamericana - Compañía de Seguros Generales S.A. that expires January 2, 2010, and that covers employee fidelity, physical losses, falsification or adulteration, and currency fraud with a coverage amount equivalent to US$5,000,000.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

31. Equity:

 

  i. Subscribed and paid shares:

As of December 31, 2009, the paid-in capital of Banco de Chile is represented by 82,551,699,423 registered shares (80,879,895,984 in 2008), with no par value, subscribed and fully paid, distributed in 73,834,890,472 ordinary shares and 8,716,808,951 ordinary “Banco de Chile-S” series shares.

 

  - On January 1, 2008, as a result of the merger between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile, 8,443,861,140 nominative, ordinary shares with no par value, of the “Banco de Chile–S” series, that were given to the shareholders of Citibank Chile, in the proportion of 8,443,861,140 shares of Banco de Chile for each share of Citibank Chile.

 

  - As agreed by Banco de Chile shareholders at the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held May 17, 2007, during 2008, 439,951,628 shares were subscribed and fully paid, detailed as follows:

 

     Number of
shares

March 2008

   120,000,000

May 2008

   319,951,628
    

Total

   439,951,628
    

 

  - On March 26, 2009, the Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting agreed to increase its capital through the capitalization of 30% of its 2008 net income. On March 30, 2009, the Bank informed its decision for the payment of total earnings in cash. Therefore, the total capitalization amounted Ch$52,261 million through issuance and distribution of 1,671,803,439 shares. (See Note N° 6, letter (c)).

 

  - The following table shows the shares movements from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009:

 

     Ordinary
shares
   Ordinary S
Series shares

January 1, 2008

   71,996,083,216    —  

Capitalization increase as a result of business combinations

   —      8,443,861,140

Subscriptions and payment of shares - March, 2008

   120,000,000    —  

Subscriptions and payment of shares - May, 2008

   319,951,628    —  
         

December 31, 2008

   72,436,034,844    8,443,861,140

Capitalizations of retained earnings

   1,398,855,628    272,947,811
         

December 31, 2009

   73,834,890,472    8,716,808,951
         

 

F-87


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

31. Equity, continued:

 

  ii. Approval and payment of dividends:

In Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held on March 26, 2009 the Bank’s shareholders agreed to distribute and pay dividend N° 197 amounting to Ch$2.357790 per common share of Banco de Chile, with charge to net income for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

  iii. Provision for minimum dividends:

Chilean Corporations Law mandates a minimum distribution of 30% of distributable income. Accordingly, the Bank recorded a liability under the line item “Provisions” for an amount of MCh$78,524 (MCh$70,874 and MCh$109,516 in January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008, respectively) against “Retained earnings”.

 

  iv. Other comprehensive income:

The cumulative translation adjustment is generated from the Bank’s translation of its investments in foreign related companies, as it records the effects of foreign currency translation for these items in equity.

In accordance with Note 2 (n), the fair market value adjustment for available-for-sale instruments is generated by fluctuations in the fair value of that portfolio, with a charge or credit to equity, net of deferred taxes.

 

  v. Earnings per share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the Bank by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.

The following table shows the income and share data used in the calculation of EPS:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Net profits attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Bank

   365,052    261,744

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for EPS

   80,746.98    82,185.28
         

Earnings per shares

   4.52    3.18
         

During the periods presented the Bank did not have any instruments that could lead to a dilution of its ordinary shares.

There have been no transactions involving ordinary shares or potential ordinary shares between the reporting date and the date of the completion of these financial statements.

 

F-88


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

32. Interest Revenue and Expenses:

 

  (a) As of each year end, interest revenue is detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Commercial loans

   900,233      422,813   

Consumer loans

   374,371      373,369   

Residential mortgage loans

   300,529      56,682   

Financial investments

   33,452      35,479   

Repurchase agreements

   32,340      8,482   

Loans and advances to banks

   15,343      5,477   

Gain (loss) from accounting hedges

   (307   (2,085

Other interest revenue

   3,389      190   
            

Total

   1,659,350      900,407   
            

 

  (b) As of each year end, interest expenses are detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Saving accounts and time deposits

   604,086      159,822   

Debt issued

   218,567      32,913   

Other financial obligations

   23,951      22,127   

Repurchase agreements

   28,474      6,360   

Borrowings from financial institutions

   4,318      2,504   

Demand deposits

   442      318   

Gain (loss) from accounting hedges

   (2,190   (485

Other interest expenses

   15,433      8,469   
            

Total

   893,081      232,028   
            

 

F-89


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

33. Income and Expenses from Fees and Commissions:

The income and expenses for fees and commissions shown in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income refers to the following items:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Income from fees and commissions

    

Card services

   63,108      67,405   

Collections and payments

   50,492      52,620   

Investments in mutual funds and other

   41,131      45,246   

Lines of credit and overdrafts

   32,207      27,627   

Trading and securities management

   20,140      26,541   

Insurance brokerage

   18,210      18,845   

Guarantees and letters of credit

   9,109      12,858   

Portfolio management

   16,644      12,452   

Financial advisory services

   6,773      7,860   

Other fees earned

   18,077      24,555   
            

Total income from fees and commissions

   275,891      296,009   
            

Expenses from fees and commissions

    

Credit card transactions

   (26,502   (27,742

Fees for collections and payments

   (7,107   (6,302

Sale of mutual fund units

   (2,377   (2,958

Fees for securities transactions

   (1,138   (2,628

Other fees

   (3,578   (5,163
            

Total expenses from fees and commissions

   (40,702   (44,793
            

34. Net Financial Operating Income:

The gain (losses) from trading and brokerage activities is detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Sale of available-for-sale instruments

   (173   19,627   

Financial assets held-for-trading

   42,323      17,903   

Net loss of other transactions

   113      743   

Derivative instruments

   340,856      (176,452

Sale of loan portfolios

   1,717      —     
            

Total

   384,836      (138,179
            

 

F-90


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

35. Foreign Exchange Transaction, net:

Net foreign exchange transactions are detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Translation difference, net

   (355,387   233,620   

Indexed foreign currency

   2,375      (12,621
            

Total

   (353,012   220,999   
            

 

F-91


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

36. Provisions for Loan Losses:

The movement during 2008 and 2009 is the following:

 

           Loans to customers as of December 31, 2008                    
     Loans and
advance to banks
    Commercial
loans
    Mortgage
loans
    Consumer
loans
    Total     Financial
guarantees
    Total  

Provisions established:

              

Individual provisions

   (311   (66,271   —        —        (66,271   (1,146   (67,728

Group provisions

   —        (6,964   (7,659   (106,970   (121,593   —        (121,593
                                          

Provisions established, net

   (311   (73,235   (7,659   (106,970   (187,864   (1,146   (189,321
                                          

Provisions released:

              

Individual provisions

   —        242      —        —        242      —        242   

Group provisions

   —        8      24      —        32      25      57   
                                          

Provisions released, net

   —        250      24      —        274      25      299   
                                          

Recovery of written-off assets

   —        16,653      3,391      19,604      39,648      —        39,648   
                                          

Provisions, net allowances for credit risk

   (311   (56,332   (4,244   (87,366   (147,942   (1,121   (149,374
                                          

According to the Administration, the provisions constituted by credit risk, cover all the possible losses that could arise from the non-recovery of assets.

 

F-92


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

36. Provisions for Loan Losses, continued:

 

           Loans to customers as of December 31, 2009                    
     Loans and
advance to banks
    Commercial
loans
    Mortgage
loans
    Consumer
loans
    Total     Financial
guarantees
    Total  

Provisions established:

              

Individual provisions

   (861   (101,609   —        —        (101,609   (2,157   (104,627

Group provisions

   —        (59,397   (2,712   (106,587   (168,696   (399   (169,095
                                          

Provisions established, net

   (861   (161,006   (2,712   (106,587   (270,305   (2,556   (273,722
                                          

Provisions released:

              

Individual provisions

   —        —        —        —        —        3,979      3,979   

Group provisions

   —        1,519      —        —        1,519      —        1,519   
                                          

Provisions released, net

   —        1,519      —        —        1,519      3,979      5,498   
                                          

Recovery of written-off assets

   —        23,994      2,653      232      26,879      —        26,879   
                                          

Provisions, net allowances for credit risk

   (861   (135,493   (59   (106,355   (241,907   1,423      (241,345
                                          

According to the Administration, the provisions constituted by credit risk, cover all the possible losses that could arise from the non-recovery of assets.

 

F-93


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

37. Personnel Expenses:

Personnel expenses in 2008 and 2009 are detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Remuneration

   152,467    159,247

Bonuses

   70,053    50,734

Lunch and health benefits

   16,316    17,613

Staff severance indemnities (*)

   42,654    10,921

Trading expenses

   1,886    1,251

Other personnel expenses

   22,179    17,016
         

Total

   305,555    256,782
         

 

(*) This line includes staff severance indemnities and personnel bonuses due to the merger between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile by MCh$34,962 (See Note 46).

38. Administrative Expenses:

As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, administrative expenses are detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

IT and communications

   36,038    29,876

Maintenance and repair of property and equipment

   22,450    21,611

Advertising

   26,447    17,943

Office rental

   15,829    16,106

Lighting, heating and other utilities

   10,415    12,309

Expenses for outsourced services

   5,342    10,911

Taxes, property taxes and contributions

   8,905    8,165

External advisory services

   5,886    6,892

Security and valuables transport services

   7,082    6,870

Office supplies

   7,985    6,818

Rent ATM area

   3,501    4,137

Legal and notary

   3,261    3,064

Representation and transferring of personnel

   3,365    2,925

P.O. box, mail and postage

   3,653    2,858

Board of Director’s expenses

   2,749    2,485

Insurance premiums

   1,692    1,799

Equipment rental

   1,228    1,272

Donations

   1,215    936

Other

   9,521    10,237
         

Total

   176,564    167,214
         

 

F-94


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

39. Depreciation, Amortization and Impairment:

Amounts charged to income for depreciation and amortization during the 2008 and 2009 periods are detailed as follows:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Depreciation of property and equipment

   22,751    21,942

Impairment loss on property and equipment

   —      —  

Amortization of intangible assets

   16,319    14,505

Impairment loss on intangible assets

   —      —  

Impairment loss on investment securities

   —      —  
         

Total

   39,070    36,447
         

40. Other Operating Income:

During 2008 and 2009, the Bank and its subsidiaries presented the following under other operating income:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Income for assets received in lieu of payment

     

Gain on sale of assets received in lieu of payment

   7,570    5,212

Other income

   364    —  
         

Subtotal

   7,934    5,212
         

Release of provisions for contingencies

     

Other provisions for contingencies

   332    —  
         

Subtotal

   332    —  
         

Other income

     

Rental income

   4,262    5,088

Foreign advisory services

   2,501    2,781

Reversal tax provision from New York Branch

   —      1,854

Recovery from external branches

   1,188    1,152

Expenses recovery

   1,066    1,141

Gain on sale of shares

   10,352    —  

Other

   3,302    4,962
         

Subtotal

   22,671    16,978
         

Total

   30,937    22,190
         

 

F-95


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

41. Other Operating Expenses:

During 2008and 2009, the Bank and its subsidiaries incurred the following other operating expenses:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Provisions and expenses for assets received in lieu of payment

     

Provisions for assets received in lieu of payment

   —      208

Expenses to maintain assets received in lieu of payment

   916    273
         

Subtotal

   916    481
         

Provisions for contingencies

     

Other provisions for contingencies

   10,714    5,043
         

Subtotal

   10,714    5,043
         

Other Expenses

     

Write-offs for operating risks

   4,307    3,753

Card administration

   3,958    2,232

CDE transaction

   —      1,236

Provision for other assets

   5,047    1,039

Other

   10,370    7,738
         

Subtotal

   23,682    15,998
         

Total

   35,312    21,522
         

42. Related Party Transactions:

The disclosures for related party transactions follow the rules set out in IAS 24.

Article 89 of the Corporations Law, which applies to Chilean banks, indicates that any transaction with a related party must take place under arm’s length conditions similar to those prevailing in the market.

Moreover, Article 84 of the General Banking Law establishes limits on loans granted to related parties and prohibits the granting of loans to the Bank’s directors, managers and general representatives.

The Bank did not enter into any transactions with his parent company, LQ Inversiones Financieras S.A., nor with the group’s ultimate parent, Quiñenco S.A.

 

F-96


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

42. Related Party Transactions, continued:

 

  (a) Loans to related parties:

The following table details loans and accounts receivable, contingent loans and assets related to trading and investment securities, corresponding to related entities.

 

     Production companies*     Investment companies*     Individuals*     Total  
     January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
    January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    January 1,
2008
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
 

Loans and accounts receivable

                         

Commercial loans

   120,947      225,755      224,746      58,756      34,439    34,492      1,127      803      614      180,830      260,997      259,852   

Residential mortgage loans

   —        —        —        —        —      —        6,558      8,509      8,315      6,558      8,509      8,315   

Consumer loans

   —        —        —        —        —      —        1,384      1,858      2,167      1,384      1,858      2,167   
                                                                       

Gross loans

   120,947      225,755      224,746      58,756      34,439    34,492      9,069      11,170      11,096      188,772      271,364      270,334   

Provision for loan losses

   (425   (615   (751   (138   —      (215   (52   (39   (45   (615   (654   (1,011
                                                                       

Net loans

   120,522      225,140      223,995      58,618      34,439    34,277      9,017      11,131      11,051      188,157      270,710      269,323   
                                                                       

Off balance sheet accounts

                         

Guarantees

   1,545      —        10,937      5,713      —      —        —        —        —        7,258      —        10,937   

Letters of credits

   5,661      9,003      3,819      135      —      —        —        —        —        5,796      9,003      3,819   

Banks guarantees

   4,640      34,739      22,374      8,560      —      —        —        —        —        13,200      34,739      22,374   

Immediately available credit lines

   —        44,629      59,440      —        699    1,163      —        5,242      4,857      —        50,570      65,460   
                                                                       

Total off balance sheet account

   11,846      88,371      96,570      14,408      699    1,163      —        5,242      4,857      26,254      94,312      102,590   

Financial guarantees

   24      66      84      24      —      —        —        —        —        48      66      84   
                                                                       

Amount covered by collateral

                         

Mortgage

   47,467      152,903      82,720      —        52    3,679      3,959      11,676      11,685      51,426      164,631      98,084   

Warrant

   —        —        —        —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        —     

Pledge

   —        —        —        —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        —     

Other

   5,274      16,544      2,321      12      7,920    14,505      —        —        —        5,286      24,464      16,826   
                                                                       

Total collateral

   52,741      169,447      85,041      12      7,972    18,184      3,959      11,676      11,685      56,712      189,095      114,910   
                                                                       

Acquired instruments

                         

For trading purposes

   —        —        —        —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        —     

For investment purposes

   —        —        15,200      —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        15,200   
                                                                       

Total acquired instruments

   —        —        15,200      —        —      —        —        —        —        —        —        15,200   
                                                                       

 

F-97


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

42. Related Party Transactions, continued:

 

  (a) Loans to related parties, continued:

 

* Production companies are legal entities which comply with the following conditions

a) they engage in productive activities and generate a separable flow of income

b) less then 50% of their assets are trading securities or investments

* Investment companies include those legal entities who do not comply with the conditions for production companies and are profit-oriented.

* Individuals include key members of the management, who directly or indirectly posses the authority and responsibility of planning, administrating and controlling the activities of the organization, including directors. This category also includes their family members who are expected to have an influence or to be influenced by such individuals in their interactions with the organization.

 

  (b) Other assets and liabilities with related parties:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Assets

        

Cash and due from banks

   43,373    68,050    79,101

Securities sold under agreements to resell

   40,160    16,088    —  

Derivative instruments

   —      117,752    172,474

Other assets

   1,742    4,596    2,656
              

Total

   85,275    206,486    254,231
              

Liabilities

        

Demand deposits

   7,222    68,370    50,971

Saving accounts and time deposits

   73,033    298,203    231,171

Derivative instruments

   —      215,487    128,535

Other liabilities

   461    2,075    5,932
              

Total

   80,716    584,135    416,609
              

 

  (c) Income and expenses from related party transactions (*):

 

     2008    2009
     Income
MCh$
   Expense
MCh$
   Income
MCh$
   Expense
MCh$

Type of income or expense recognized

           

Interest and revenue expenses

   28,830    34,855    8,000    2,772

Fees and commission income

   41,801    22,069    50,073    24,075

Net income from financial transactions

   212,834    286,557    333,567    376,305

Foreign currency translation

   554    —      133    8

Operating expenses

   —      66,829    —      59,324

Other income and expenses

   39,115    9    768    628
                   

Total

   323,134    410,319    392,541    463,112
                   

 

(*) This detail does not constitute an Income Statement for related party transactions.

 

F-98


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

42. Related Party Transactions, continued:

 

  (d) Related party contracts:

These include any contract entered which does not represent a customary transaction within the Bank’s line of business with general customers and which accounts for amounts greater than UF 1,000.

These contracts are detailed in the table below:

 

Related Person

(Individual or Company)

  

Contract Description

   Contract
Date
   Term
(years)
   Annual
Amount
MCh$
Empresa Periodística La Tercera S.A.    Credit Card Co-branding    04-21-2008    5    252
Jorge Ergas Heymann    Consulting to the Board of Directors    01-09-2008    Indefinite    129
Banchile Seguros de Vida    Credit Card Life Insurance    12-31-2008    1    325
Bolsa de Comercio de Santiago    Rights and trade market services    01-01-2009    Indefinite    34

 

  (e) Payments to key management personnel:

 

     2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Remunerations

   3,762    2,648

Short-term benefits

   4,125    3,064

Contract termination indemnity

   1,063    741
         

Total

   8,950    6,453
         

Composition of key personnel:

 

     N° of executives
     2008    2009

Position

     

CEO

   1    1

CEOs of subsidiaries

   8    8

Division Managers

   17    13
         

Total

   26    22
         

 

F-99


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

42. Related Party Transactions, continued:

 

  (f) Directors’ expenses and remunerations:

 

     Remunerations     Fees for attending
Board meetings
   Fees for attending
Committees and
Subsidiary Board
meetings  (1)
   Consulting    Total

Name of Directors

   2008
MCh$
    2009
MCh$
    2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Pablo Granifo Lavín

   363 (*)    332 (*)    51    39    332    291    —      —      746    662

Andrónico Luksic Craig

   147      140      9    13    —      —      —      —      156    153

Jorge Awad Mehech

   49      47      25    21    74    63    —      —      148    131

Jacob Ergas Ergas

   49      47      19    17    47    53    —      —      115    117

Jaime Estévez Valencia

   49      47      26    21    76    67    —      —      151    135

Guillermo Luksic Craig

   49      47      13    6    —      —      —      —      62    53

Rodrigo Manubens Moltedo

   49      47      25    19    66    55    —      —      140    121

Gonzalo Menéndez Duque

   49      47      23    19    121    115    —      —      193    181

Francisco Pérez Mackenna

   49      47      23    18    62    55    —      —      134    120

Thomas Fürst Freiwirth

   49      47      21    19    56    49    —      —      126    115

Juan Andrés Fontaine Talavera

   38      47      20    19    46    52    —      —      104    118

Hernán Büchi Buc

   12      —        4    —      14    —      10    —      40    —  

Jorge Ergas Heymann

   1      —        2    —      2    —      —      —      5    —  

Other subsidiary directors

   —        —        —      —      123    119    —      —      123    119
                                                   

Total

   953      895      261    211    1,019    919    10    —      2,243    2,025
                                                   

 

(1) Includes fees paid to members of the Advisory Committee of Banchile Corredores de Seguros Ltda., of MCh$22 and MCh$19 in 2008 and 2009.
(*) Includes a provision of MCh$216 and MCh$192 in 2008 and 2009 for an incentive subject to achieving the Bank’s forecasted earnings.

Fees paid for advisory services to the Board of Directors amount to MCh$227 and MCh$233 in 2008 and 2009.

Travel and other related expenses amount to MCh$279 and MCh$227 in 2008 and 2009.

 

F-100


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities:

 

  (a) Financial instruments measured at fair value

The Bank and its subsidiaries determine the fair value of financial instruments by taking into account:

 

  1. The price of the financial instruments observed in the market, whether derived from observations or using modeling.

 

  2. The credit risk presented by the issuer of a debt instrument.

 

  3. The liquidity conditions and depth of the respective markets.

 

  4. Whether the position is an asset or liability to the Bank (in the case of derivatives, if the future cash flow is received or paid).

Based on an analysis of these factors, the Bank classifies the financial instruments in its portfolio into one of three levels:

 

Level 1:    Observable prices in active markets for the specific type of instrument or transaction to be measured.
Level 2:    Valuation techniques based on observable factors. This category includes instruments valued using: Quoted prices for similar instruments, either in active or less active markets. Other valuation techniques when all significant inputs are directly or indirectly observable based on market data.
Level 3:    Valuation techniques that use significant unobservable factors. This category includes all instruments where the valuation technique includes factors that are not based on observable data and the unobservable factors can have a significant effect on the valuation of the instrument. This category contains instruments that are valued based on quoted prices for similar instruments that require adjustments or significant unobservable assumptions to reflect the differences between them.

Valuation of Financial Instruments

The Bank’s accounting policy for measuring fair value is discussed in Note 2(e).

The Bank has established a control framework for measuring fair values. This framework includes a Product Control Function, which is independent from key management and reports directly to the Financial Control Manager. The product control area is generally responsible for independently verifying the results of trading and investment transactions as well as all fair value measurements. These controls include: verifying factors to determine observable prices and valuation models used; a review and approval process for new models and changes to models affecting the product control (result) and the Bank’s Market Risk.

 

F-101


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

Derivatives

With the exception of currency futures, for which prices are directly observable on active market and, therefore, are classified as Level 1, the Bank classifies derivative instruments as Level 2.

Within Level 2, valuations are performed using simple net present value calculations for all instruments without options. Options are valued using well-known, widely accepted valuation models. The most frequently applied valuation techniques include forward pricing and swap models using present value calculations. The models incorporate various inputs, including the credit quality of counterparties, foreign exchange rates and interest rate curves.

Investments in Financial Instruments

Debt instruments are valued using the internal rate of return, used to discount all cash flows of the respective instrument. The valuation calculations for debt instruments built into the Bank’s systems are those used by the Santiago Stock Exchange or Bloomberg, as appropriate.

Part of the portfolio of available-for-sale financial instruments, which are instruments that are not actively quoted, is valued using valuation techniques for which there are no relevant observable data from active markets and, therefore, they are classified as Level 3. These assets are valued based on the prices of assets with similar characteristics, taking into account the market, currency, type of instrument, liquidity, duration, issuer risk and cash flow structure, among other factors.

 

F-102


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

The following tables detail the classification, by level, of financial instruments measured at fair value.

 

    Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total
    January 1,
2008

MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$

Financial Assets

                 

Financial assets held-for-trading

                 

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank

  302,735   290,962   146,278   13,531   15,816   —     —     304,493   162,094

Other instruments issued in Chile

  579,243   330   1,212   264,090   185,552   17,372   2,732   281,792   189,496

Instruments issued abroad

  46,656   —     —     40,579   —     —     —     40,579   —  
                                   

Subtotal

  928,634   291,292   147,490   318,200   201,368   17,372   2,732   626,864   351,590
                                   

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                 

Forwards

  38,004   —     —     553,610   193,729   —     —     553,610   193,729

Swaps

  37,907   —     —     321,603   370,417   —     —     321,603   370,417

Call Options

  91   —     —     912   300   —     —     912   300

Put Options

  123   —     —     323   65   —     —     323   65

Futures

  —     173   81   261   —     —     —     434   81
                                   

Subtotal

  76,125   173   81   876,709   564,511   —     —     876,882   564,592
                                   

Hedge derivative contracts

                 

Swaps

  4,923   —     —     25,469   1,394   —     —     25,469   1,394
                                   

Subtotal

  4,923   —     —     25,469   1,394   —     —     25,469   1,394
                                   

Financial assets available-for-sale

                 

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank

  —     —     —     423,681   448,289   —     —     423,681   448,289

Other instruments issued in Chile

  1,062   —     —     434,150   488,764   112,835   128,285   546,985   617,049

Instruments issued abroad

  —     —     —     —     —     102,886   202,436   102,886   202,436
                                   

Subtotal

  1,062   —     —     857,831   937,053   215,721   330,721   1,073,552   1,267,774
                                   

Other assets:

                 

Mutual fund investments

  164,385   52,979   80,237   —     —     —     —     52,979   80,237
                                   

Subtotal

  164,385   52,979   80,237   —     —     —     —     52,979   80,237
                                   

Total

  1,175,129   344,444   227,808   2,078,209   1,704,326   233,093   333,453   2,655,746   2,265,587
                                   

Financial Liabilities

                 

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                 

Forwards

  63,716   —     —     478,580   179,160       478,580   179,160

Swaps

  56,374   —     —     368,066   352,112   —     —     368,066   352,112

Call Options

  72   —     —     1,549   244   —     —     1,549   244

Put Options

  —     —     —     781   376   —     —     781   376

Futures

  —     2,217   —     —     183   —     —     2,217   183

Other

  —     —     —     21   21   —     —     21   21
                                   

Subtotal

  120,162   2,217   —     848,997   532,096   —     —     851,214   532,096
                                   

Hedge derivative contracts

                 

Forwards

  —     —     —     715   —         715   —  

Swaps

  —     —     —     11,585   6,144   —     —     11,585   6,144
                                   

Subtotal

  —     —     —     12,300   6,144   —     —     12,300   6,144
                                   

Total

  120,162   2,217   —     861,297   538,240   —     —     863,514   538,240
                                   

 

F-103


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

  (b) Level 3 Reconciliation:

The following tables show the reconciliation between the beginning and ending balances of instruments classified as Level 3, whose fair value is reflected in the financial statements.

 

    As of December 31, 2008   As of December 31, 2009
    Balance as of
January  1,
2008

MCh$
  Gain (Loss)
Recognized
in Income
MCh$
  Gain (Loss)
Recognized
in Equity
MCh$
    Purchases,
Sales and
Agreements, net
MCh$
    Balance as of
December  31,
2008

MCh$
  Balance as of
January  1,
2009

MCh$
  Gain (Loss)
Recognized
in Income
MCh$
    Gain (Loss)
Recognized
in Equity
MCh$
  Purchases,
Sales and
Agreements, net
MCh$
    Balance as of
December  31,
2009

MCh$

Financial Assets

                   

Financial assets held-for-trading

                   

Other instruments issued in Chile

  122,265   2,231   —        (107,124   17,372   17,372   1,213      —     (15,853   2,732

Instruments issued abroad

  22,194   3,368   —        (25,562   —     —     —        —     —        —  
                                               

Total

  144,459   5,599   —        (132,686   17,372   17,372   1,213      —     (15,853   2,732
                                               

Financial assets available-for-sale

                   

Other instruments issued in Chile

  —     5,923   (5,083   111,995      112,835   112,835   (4,429   6,207   13,672      128,285

Instruments issued abroad

  —     20,146   (12,348   95,088      102,886   102,886   (5,809   21,417   83,942      202,436
                                               

Total

  —     26,069   (17,431   207,083      215,721   215,721   (10,238   27,624   97,614      330,721
                                               

 

F-104


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

  (c) Sensitivity of instruments classified as Level 3 to changes in key assumptions of models.

The following tables show the sensitivity, by type of instrument, of instruments classified as Level 3 to changes in key valuation assumptions:

 

     As of December 31, 2008    As of December 31, 2009
     Level 3
MCh$
   Sensitivity to changes
in key assumptions  of
models

MCh$
   Level 3
MCh$
   Sensitivity to changes
in key  assumptions of
models
MCh$

Financial Assets

           

Financial assets held-for-trading

           

Other instruments issued in Chile

   17,372    977    2,732    3
                   

Total

   17,372    977    2,732    3
                   

Financial assets available-for-sale

           

Other instruments issued in Chile

   112,835    6,348    128,285    1,492

Instruments issued abroad

   102,886    793    202,436    2,249
                   

Total

   215,721    7,141    330,721    3,741
                   

In order to determine the sensitivity of these investment securities to changes in the relevant input factors the Bank has carried out alternative fair value calculations shifting the unobservable valuation parameters. The reasonability of these shifts has been assured by using data from specialized external data providers.

 

  (d) Other assets and liabilities

The following table summarizes the fair values of the Bank’s main financial assets and liabilities that are not recorded at fair value in the Statement of Financial Position. The values shown in this note do not attempt to estimate the value of the Bank’s income-generating assets, nor forecast their future behavior.

 

F-105


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

43. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

  (d) Other assets and liabilities, continued:

 

The estimated fair value is as follows:

 

    Book value   Estimated fair value
    January 1,
2008

MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$
  January 1,
2008

MCh$
  2008
MCh$
  2009
MCh$

Assets

           

Cash and due from banks

  331,517   751,223   727,553   331,517   751,223   727,553

Transactions in the course of collection

  542,579   807,625   526,051   542,579   807,625   526,051

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

  69,130   75,519   79,401   69,130   75,519   79,401
                       

Subtotal

  943,226   1,634,367   1,333,005   943,226   1,634,367   1,333,005
                       

Loans and advances to banks

           

Domestic banks

  255,013   260,669   123,796   255,013   260,669   123,796

Foreign banks

  23,578   61,323   325,185   23,578   61,323   325,185
                       

Subtotal

  278,591   321,992   448,981   278,591   321,992   448,981
                       

Loans to customers, net

           

Commercial loans

  7,148,301   9,343,060   8,531,566   7,420,571   9,204,796   8,508,843

Residential mortgage loans

  1,969,811   2,303,801   2,513,107   2,518,742   2,321,909   2,645,875

Consumer loans

  1,306,491   1,813,603   1,834,482   1,171,185   1,602,782   1,815,153
                       

Subtotal

  10,424,603   13,460,464   12,879,155   11,110,498   13,129,487   12,969,871
                       

Total

  11,646,420   15,416,823   14,661,141   12,332,315   15,085,846   14,751,857
                       

Liabilities

           

Current accounts and other demand deposits

  2,285,357   3,007,261   3,718,076   2,285,357   3,007,261   3,718,076

Transactions in the course of payment

  308,623   479,789   325,056   308,623   479,789   325,056

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

  355,183   420,658   308,028   355,183   420,658   308,028

Saving accounts and time deposits

  6,393,113   8,472,590   7,427,481   6,257,941   8,404,379   7,412,045

Borrowings from financial institutions

  857,329   1,498,549   1,368,226   856,378   1,484,093   1,359,636

Other financial obligations

  63,041   93,708   176,150   63,041   93,708   176,150
                       

Subtotal

  10,262,646   13,972,555   13,323,017   10,126,523   13,889,888   13,298,991
                       

Debt issued

           

Letters of credit for residential purposes

  233,808   215,095   169,996   279,318   204,308   168,721

Letters of credit for general purposes

  162,923   134,833   95,585   194,636   128,071   94,868

Bonds

  772,801   994,583   815,734   887,937   920,048   797,245

Subordinate bonds

  446,395   555,576   506,683   619,943   555,916   549,959
                       

Subtotal

  1,615,927   1,900,087   1,587,998   1,981,834   1,808,343   1,610,793
                       

Total

  11,878,573   15,872,642   14,911,015   12,108,357   15,698,231   14,909,784
                       

The fair value of assets not presented at that value in the Statement of Financial Position is derived from estimated cash flows the Bank expects to receive, discounted using the relevant market interest rate for each type of transaction.

The fair value of liabilities without market quotes is based on discounted cash flows using the interest rate for similar maturity terms.

For financial assets and liabilities that have a short term maturity (less than three months) it is assumed that the carrying amounts approximate their fair value. This assumption is also applied to demand deposits and savings accounts without specific maturity.

The Bank did not incur any “day 1” profits or losses during the reporting period.

 

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Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

44. Maturity of Assets and Liabilities:

The table below shows details of loans and other financial assets and liabilities grouped in accordance with their remaining maturity, including accrued interest as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Trading and Financial assets available-for-sale are included at their fair value and according to the term on which they can be sold.

 

    As of January 1, 2008
    Up to 1
month
  Over 1
month and
up to 3
months
  Over 3
months and
up to 12
months
  Over 1
year and
up to 3
years
  Over 3
years and
up to 5
years
  Over 5
years
  Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Assets

             

Cash and due from banks

  331,517   —     —     —     —     —     331,517

Transactions in the course of collection

  542,579   —     —     —     —     —     542,579

Financial assets held-for-trading

  928,634   —     —     —     —     —     928,634

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

  69,130   —     —     —     —     —     69,130

Derivative instruments

  —     —     3,080   6,103   6,103   65,762   81,048

Loans and advance to banks (*)

  253,356   111   11,116   13,957   56   —     278,596

Loans to customers (*)

  1,507,144   1,273,895   2,299,766   2,263,882   1,023,760   2,185,780   10,554,227

Financial assets available-for-sale

  1,062   —     —     —     —     —     1,062
                           

Total assets

  3,633,422   1,274,006   2,313,962   2,283,942   1,029,919   2,251,542   12,786,793
                           

 

(*) The respective provisions, which amount to MCh$129,624 and MCh$5 as of January 1, 2008 for loans to customers and loans and advances to banks, have not been deducted from this balance.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

44. Maturity of Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

    As of December 31, 2008
    Up to 1
month
  Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
  Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
  Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
  Over 3 years
and up to 5
years
  Over 5 years   Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Assets

             

Cash and due from banks

  751,223   —     —     —     —     —     751,223

Transactions in the course of collection

  807,625   —     —     —     —     —     807,625

Financial assets held-for-trading

  626,864   —     —     —     —     —     626,864

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

  50,141   8,614   16,764   —     —     —     75,519

Derivative instruments

  101,987   204,064   284,874   118,957   97,273   95,196   902,351

Loans and advance to banks (*)

  286,071   5,787   30,450   —     —     —     322,308

Loans to customers (*)

  2,199,424   1,483,034   2,667,174   2,603,321   1,366,197   3,366,422   13,685,572

Financial assets available-for-sale

  121,630   180,235   387,361   113,257   89,473   181,596   1,073,552
                           

Total assets

  4,944,965   1,881,734   3,386,623   2,835,535   1,552,943   3,643,214   18,245,014
                           
    As of December 31, 2009
    Up to 1
month
  Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
  Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
  Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
  Over 3 years
and up to 5
years
  Over 5 years   Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Assets

             

Cash and due from banks

  727,553   —     —     —     —     —     727,553

Transactions in the course of collection

  526,051   —     —     —     —     —     526,051

Financial assets held-for-trading

  351,590   —     —     —     —     —     351,590

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

  8,790   3,193   67,418   —     —     —     79,401

Derivative instruments

  34,039   86,726   135,525   149,449   44,184   116,063   565,986

Loans and advance to banks (*)

  218,516   34,500   170,627   12,719   13,796   —     450,158

Loans to customers (*)

  1,916,157   1,203,119   2,732,699   2,791,340   1,517,776   3,030,165   13,191,256

Financial assets available-for-sale

  231,465   140,371   345,306   114,492   92,775   343,365   1,267,774
                           

Total assets

  4,014,161   1,467,909   3,451,575   3,068,000   1,668,531   3,489,593   17,159,769
                           

 

(*) The respective provisions, which amount MCh$$225,108 and MCh$312,101 in 2008 and 2009 for loans to customers and MCh$316 and MCh$1,177 for loans and advances to bank, have not been deducted from these balances.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

44. Maturity of Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

    As of January 1, 2008
    Up to 1
month
  Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
  Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
  Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
  Over 3 years
and up to 5
years
  Over 5 years
  Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Liabilities

             

Current accounts and other demand deposits

  2,285,357   —     —     —     —     —     2,285,357

Transactions in the course of payment

  308,623   —     —     —     —     —     308,623

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

  355,183   —     —     —     —     —     355,183

Saving accounts and time deposits

  2,561,081   1,586,771   1,940,310   304,951   —     —     6,393,113

Derivative instruments

  —     —     120,162   —     —     —     120,162

Borrowings from financial institutions

  235,679   518,513   101,508   1,629   —     —     857,329

Debt issued

  10,180   25,855   84,190   452,298   339,829   703,575   1,615,927

Other financial obligations

  37,687   1,456   20,280   1,273   1,154   1,191   63,041
                           

Total liabilities

  5,793,790   2,132,595   2,266,450   760,151   340,983   704,766   11,998,735
                           

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

44. Maturity of Assets and Liabilities, continued:

 

    As of December 31, 2008
    Up to 1 month   Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
  Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
  Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
  Over 3 years
and up to 5
years
  Over 5 years   Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Liabilities

             

Current accounts and other demand deposits

  3,007,261   —     —     —     —     —     3,007,261

Transactions in the course of payment

  479,789   —     —     —     —     —     479,789

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

  406,857   12,411   1,390   —     —     —     420,658

Saving accounts and time deposits

  3,656,069   1,812,380   2,428,046   576,086   9   —     8,472,590

Derivative instruments

  106,628   118,931   370,471   99,888   74,192   93,404   863,514

Borrowings from financial institutions

  65,635   592,204   661,139   179,571   —     —     1,498,549

Debt issued

  277,859   23,442   195,475   419,475   384,231   599,605   1,900,087

Other financial obligations

  48,047   183   1,247   13,068   3,947   27,216   93,708
                           

Total liabilities

  8,048,145   2,559,551   3,657,768   1,288,088   462,379   720,225   16,736,156
                           
    As of December 31, 2009
    Up to 1 month   Over 1 month
and up to 3
months
  Over 3 months
and up to 12
months
  Over 1 year
and up to 3
years
  Over 3 years
and up to 5
years
  Over 5 years   Total
   

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

 

MCh$

Liabilities

             

Current accounts and other demand deposits

  3,718,076   —     —     —     —     —     3,718,076

Transactions in the course of payment

  325,056   —     —     —     —     —     325,056

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

  296,594   11,434   —     —     —     —     308,028

Saving accounts and time deposits

  3,243,762   1,713,175   2,273,148   195,251   2,121   24   7,427,481

Derivative instruments

  41,175   99,014   138,413   95,701   47,877   116,060   538,240

Borrowings from financial institutions

  201,743   200,894   823,789   —     65,836   75,964   1,368,226

Debt issued

  137,935   176,373   53,750   426,217   211,356   582,367   1,587,998

Other financial obligations

  139,731   674   3,932   11,234   9,788   10,791   176,150
                           

Total liabilities

  8,104,072   2,201,564   3,293,032   728,403   336,978   785,206   15,449,255
                           

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management:

(1) Introduction:

The Bank’s risk management is based on specialization, in knowledge of the business and the experience of its teams, with professionals specifically dedicated to each different type of risks. Our policy is to maintain an integrated, forward looking approach to risk management, taking into account the current and forecasted economic environment and the risk/return ratio of all products for both the Bank and its subsidiaries.

Our credit policies and processes acknowledge the particularities of each market and segment, thus affording specialized treatment. The integrated information prepared for risk analyses is key to developing our strategic plan, the objectives which include: determining the desired risk level for each business line; aligning all strategies with the established risk level; communicating desired risk levels to the Bank’s commercial areas; developing models, processes and tools for evaluating, measuring and controlling risk throughout the different business lines and areas; informing the board of directors about risks and their evolution; proposing action plans to address important deviations in risk indicators and enforcing compliance of applicable standards and regulations.

 

  (a) Risk Management Structure

Credit and Market Risk Management takes place at different levels throughout the organization, structured in response to both the important role that risk plays and the diverse types of risks that exist.

The Bank segregates risk management into two divisions that directly report to the Chief Executive Officer: the Companies Credit Risk and Market Risk Division and the Individuals Credit Risk Division. These divisions are internally organized based on the Bank’s commercial structure and function independently. They complement the Operational Risk Area, which reports to the Operations and Technology Division.

The Companies Credit Risk and Market Risk Division is responsible for the quality of the Bank’s portfolio and giving impulses in order to optimize the risk/return ratio for all client segments, from small and medium enterprises to corporations, including Private Banking. This division is also responsible for managing the Bank’s financial and market risks. The Individuals Risk Division plays a similar role for all of the Individuals client segments, including Banco CrediChile’s portfolio. The Operational Risk Area monitors loss events stemming from operating, administrative or technical factors or fraud, verifies controls and proposes corrective measures.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (i) Board of Directors

Banco de Chile’s Board of Directors is continually informed of developments in the different risk areas through its Finance, Credit, Portfolio and Audit Committees, in which it reviews the status of credit and market risks. The Board of Directors participates actively in each of these risk areas, keeping abreast of the portfolio and helping to define strategies that impact portfolio quality.

 

  (ii) Finance, International and Financial Risk Committee

This committee meets monthly to review developments and the current status of financial positions and market, price and liquidity risk. It reviews estimated results from financial positions in order to measure the risk/return ratio of the Bank’s Treasury business, as well as the evolution of and forecasts regarding use of capital.

 

  (iii) Credit Committees

All loan proposals made to customers must be approved by the appropriate committee. As a general rule, this committee must include a minimum of three executives, one of which must have sufficient authority to approve the specific transaction. There are various levels of authority, differentiated by segment and applied based on exposure, risk rating, statements of uncollectability, loan charge-offs, etc. The highest of these committees is the Board of Directors’ Loan Committee, which reviews and approves the Bank’s main risk exposures. This committee is composed of at least three directors, the Chief Executive Officer and the Credit Risk Division Manager.

 

  (iv) Portfolio Committee

This committee reviews in detail any developments in key credit risk variables. It reviews indicators such as risk, default, impaired portfolio and portfolio expense indices, among others. This review includes aggregate information at portfolio level, detailed by industry sector, segment, business unit, credit rating, etc. This committee also conducts a detailed review of the Bank’s main debtors, either by exposure or impairment. This committee is composed of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, at least one director, the Chief Executive Officer and the Credit Risk Managers.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (v) Treasury

The Bank’s Treasury Division is responsible for managing price risks (interest rates, exchange rates and options volatility) for its Trading and Accrual Portfolios, based on limits approved by the Board of Directors. In addition, it is the sole body responsible for ensuring that the Bank maintains adequate liquidity levels in line with market conditions and the needs of its different business units.

 

  (vi) Operational Risk Committee

This committee periodically reviews the status of operational risks, analyzing reasons for losses and progress made on any corrective measures adopted. It is composed of the Chief Executive Officer, the Manager of the Operations and Technology Division, the Manager of the Financial Control and Management Division, the Controller and the Operational Risk Manager.

 

  (b) Internal Audit

Risk management processes throughout the Bank are continually audited by the Internal Audit Area, which analyzes the sufficiency of and compliance with risk management procedures, Internal Audit discusses the results of all evaluations with management and reports its findings and recommendations to the Board of Directors.

 

  (c) Measurement Methodology

In terms of Credit Risk, provision levels and portfolio expenses are the basic measurements used to determine the credit quality of our portfolio.

Each year, the Board of Directors is presented with the results of a sufficiency test for allowance loan losses. This test shows whether the Bank’s existing level of allowance loan losses, both for the individual and group portfolios, is sufficient, based on historic losses or impairment experienced by the portfolio. The Board of Directors must issue a formal opinion on its sufficiency.

Risk monitoring and control are performed primarily based on established limits. These limits reflect the Bank’s business and market strategy as well as the risk level it is willing to accept, with added emphasis on selected industry sectors.

The Bank’s Chief Executive Officer, on a daily basis, and the Finance, International and Market Risk Committee, on a monthly basis, receive a report detailing the evolution of the Bank’s price and liquidity risk, based on both internal and regulator-imposed metrics.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (d) Mitigating Interest Rate Risk in the Accrual Portfolio using Derivatives

The Bank uses derivatives to manage exposure from changes in interest rates of loans and bonds in the available-for-sale portfolio.

The effectiveness of each hedge is evaluated each month by the Market Risk Control and Information area. When determined to be ineffective, a new hedge structure must be defined if the Bank wants to continue to mitigate the given risk using derivatives.

 

  (e) Use of Collateral

The Bank actively uses collaterals to reduce its credit risks (see below for more details).

(2) Credit Risk

Credit risk is the risk that we will incur a loss because our customers or counterparties do not comply with their contractual obligations.

This risk is managed using a global, unified and forward-looking strategy, which recognizes the current and projected economic environment of the markets and segments in which our different businesses are developing and grants appropriate credit treatment to each such market or segment by using risk limits that we are willing to accept from counterparties.

Managing credit risk is, therefore, inherent to our business and must be incorporated into each segment in which we do business: In this way, we may achieve an optimum balance between assumed risks and attained returns and properly allocate capital to each business line while complying with regulations and criteria defined by the Board of Directors, in order to ensure that the Bank has an appropriate capital base for potential losses that may arise from its credit exposure.

Counterparty limits are established by analyzing financial information, risk ratings, the nature of the exposure, documentation, guarantees, market conditions and the pertinent industry sector, among other factors. The process of monitoring credit quality also includes identifying in advance any possible changes in counterparty’s payment capacity, which enables us to evaluate the potential loss from these risks and take corrective actions.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (a) Approval Process

Loan analysis and approval is conducted using a differentiated approach for each market segment, using three separate credit-risk models:

Automated Model: This model focuses on individuals from the mass-market segment (i.e., not business-related) and is based on the integral automation of processes, which consist of admission, approval, follow-up and recovery, using scoring and behavior-based approval systems.

The Bank has also developed a broad level of knowledge regarding selection of customers, with a significant capacity to discriminate between subjects of different credit bases. Using this model, we have developed separate segmented models for retail banking and Banco CrediChile. In the case of our Consumer Division (Banco CrediChile), there are further distinctions for employed customers, which are separated into the following five sub-segments: retired persons, employees in the public sector, employees in the private sector over 40 years of age, employees in the private sector under 40 years of age and independent persons.

In retail banking there are also sub-segments divided by activity and length of the customer’s relationship with the Bank.

Parametric Model: This model is applied to individuals and small and medium-sized companies in business. To analyze these segments, the Bank uses certain levels of automation and parameterization. Automation currently provides a fundamental pillar for the pre-approval process for small companies and support for potential evaluations of medium-sized companies.

Case-by-case Model: This model is used for the wholesale segment. It is based on individual expert evaluation on risk level, operation amounts and business complexity, among other variables.

 

  (b) Control and Follow-up

The ongoing control and follow-up of credit risk is the basis for proactive portfolio management and enables risk to be recognized opportunely, thus identifying business opportunities and detecting potential impairment before it occurs.

In the wholesale business segment, control and follow-up are realized through a combination of reviews. The most relevant are the following:

 

   

High-level structured portfolio reviews with respect to the impact of specific macroeconomic fluctuations in relevant sectors of activity, defining case-by-case actions plans.

 

   

Constant monitoring system in order to detect early on those customers that show potential risks, agreeing on specific action plans for these customers with the corresponding client servicing team.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (b) Control and Follow up, continued:

 

   

Payment arrears management, backed by predictive indicators of risk level, with follow-up and action plans in the case of our most important customers, plus management of differentiated strategies for early recovery.

 

   

Follow-up of the conditions, restrictions and covenants imposed by the credit committee to all operations requiring it due to their importance or complexity.

 

   

Control of the exposure as well as the sufficiency of guarantees granted in the form of shares, monitoring fluctuations and preparing action plans in the event of insufficient coverage.

 

   

Follow-up schemes of credit behavior variables and borrowers’ financial condition.

 

   

Risk segmentation strategies for collections processes and policies to better integrate loan approval and monitoring processes, aligned behind a single vision of customer credit fundamentals.

 

  (c) Derivative Instruments

The value of derivative financial instruments is always reflected in the Bank’s balance sheet. The risks derived from these instruments, determined using SBIF models, are controlled against lines of credit of the counterparty at the inception of each transaction.

 

  (d) Portfolio Concentration

Maximum credit risk exposure per counterparty without considering collaterals or other credit improvements as of December 31, 2008 and 2009 does not exceed 10% of the Bank’s effective equity.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

The following tables show credit risk exposure per balance sheet item, including derivatives, detailed by both geographic region and industry sector as of January 1, 2008.

 

     Chile
MCh$
   United States
MCh$
   Brazil
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

              

Cash and due from banks

   299,011    18,469    —      14,037    331,517
                        

Financial assets held-for-trading

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   302,735    —      —      —      302,735

Other instruments issued in Chile

   579,243    —      —      —      579,243

Instruments issued abroad

   —      51    22,194    24,411    46,656
                        

Subtotal

   881,978    51    22,194    24,411    928,634
                        

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   69,130    —      —      —      69,130
                        

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

              

Forwards

   29,078    3,667    —      5,259    38,004

Swaps

   7,371    30,083    —      453    37,907

Call Options

   91    —      —      —      91

Put Options

   123    —      —      —      123

Futures

   —      —            —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   36,663    33,750    —      5,712    76,125
                        

Hedge derivative contracts

              

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   —      4,923    —      —      4,923

Call Options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Put Options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   —      4,923    —      —      4,923
                        

Loans and advances to banks

              

Domestic banks

   255,013    —      —      —      255,013

Foreign banks

   —      —      17,576    6,002    23,578
                        

Subtotal

   255,013    —      17,576    6,002    278,591
                        

Loans to customers (before allowances for loans losses)

              

Commercial loans

   7,141,818    723    2,195    75,688    7,220,424

Residential mortgage loans

   1,978,196    —      —      —      1,978,196

Consumer loans

   1,355,607    —      —      —      1,355,607
                        

Subtotal

   10,475,621    723    2,195    75,688    10,554,227
                        

Financial assets available-for-sale

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      —      —      —      —  

Other instruments issued in Chile

   1,062    —      —      —      1,062

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   1,062    —      —      —      1,062
                        

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

     Financial
Services
MCh$
   Government
MCh$
   Retail
(Individuals)
MCh$
   Trade
MCh$
   Manufacturing
MCh$
   Mining
MCh$
   Electricity, Gas
and Water
MCh$
   Agriculture and
Livestock
MCh$
   Forestry
MCh$
   Fishing
MCh$
   Transportation
and  Telecom
MCh$
   Construction
MCh$
   Services
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                                            

Cash and due from banks

   158,819    36,638    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      136,060    —      331,517
                                                                          

Financial assets held-for-trading

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      302,735    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      302,735

Other instruments issued in Chile

   238,092    1    6,658    28,478    68,469    2,125    89,488    2,609    7,115    3,926    13,908    34,722    81,295    2,357    579,243

Instruments issued abroad

   31,040    15,616    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      46,656
                                                                          

Subtotal

   269,132    318,352    6,658    28,478    68,469    2,125    89,488    2,609    7,115    3,926    13,908    34,722    81,295    2,357    928,634
                                                                          

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   8,161    28,708    —      8,308    3,413    —      11,417    4,536    —      234    3,286    71    996    —      69,130
                                                                          

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                                            

Forwards

   26,600    —      36    2,573    2,492    248    1,802    152    485    4    2,212    89    1,221    90    38,004

Swaps

   34,086    —      —      —      117    —      —      —      —      542    3,162    —      —      —      37,907

Call options

      —      —      5    85    —      —      1    —      —      —      —      —      —      91

Put options

      —      —      113    —      —      —      —      —      —      10    —      —      —      123

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   60,686    —      36    2,691    2,694    248    1,802    153    485    546    5,384    89    1,221    90    76,125
                                                                          

Hedge Derivative Contracts

                                            

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   4,923    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      4,923

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   4,923    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      4,923
                                                                          

Loans and advances to banks

                                            

Domestic banks

   28,420    226,593    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      255,013

Foreign banks

   23,578    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      23,578
                                                                          

Subtotal

   51,998    226,593    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      278,591
                                                                          

Loans to customers,

                                            

Commercial loans (*)

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Residential mortgage loans

   2,081    —      1,770,036    34,711    4,616    1,327    339    9,959    —      910    6,991    9,093    134,299    3,834    1,978,196

Consumer loans

   1,019    —      1,145,079    29,214    4,213    652    322    13,310    —      677    10,032    5,035    54,348    91,706    1,355,607

Financial assets available-for-sale

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other instruments issued in Chile

   1,062    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1,062

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   1,062    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1,062
                                                                          

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

 

(*) See commercial loans by industry sector in Note 14 (d).

 

F-118


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

The following tables show credit risk exposure per balance sheet item, including derivatives, detailed by both geographic region and industry sector as of December 31, 2008.

 

     Chile
MCh$
   United States
MCh$
   Brazil
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

              

Cash and due from banks

   465,020    219,983    —      66,220    751,223
                        

Financial assets held-for-trading

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   304,493    —      —      —      304,493

Other instruments issued in Chile

   281,792    —      —      —      281,792

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      40,579    40,579
                        

Subtotal

   586,285    —      —      40,579    626,864
                        

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   75,519    —      —      —      75,519
                        

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

              

Forwards

   500,235    25,121    —      28,254    553,610

Swaps

   180,343    106,174    —      35,086    321,603

Call options

   912    —      —      —      912

Put options

   323    —      —      —      323

Futures

   —      434    —      —      434

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   681,813    131,729    —      63,340    876,882
                        

Hedge derivative contracts

              

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   —      25,469    —      —      25,469

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   —      25,469    —      —      25,469
                        

Loans and advances to banks

              

Domestic banks

   260,669    —      —      —      260,669

Foreign banks

   —      183    27,461    33,679    61,323
                        

Subtotal

   260,669    183    27,461    33,679    321,992
                        

Loans to customers (before allowances for loans losses)

              

Commercial loans

   9,223,090    3,072    62,438    170,613    9,459,213

Residential mortgage loans

   2,317,076    —      —      —      2,317,076

Consumer loans

   1,909,283    —      —      —      1,909,283
                        

Subtotal

   13,449,449    3,072    62,438    170,613    13,685,572
                        

Financial assets available-for-sale

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   423,681    —      —      —      423,681

Other instruments issued in Chile

   546,985    —      —      —      546,985

Instruments issued abroad

   84,815    —      18,071    —      102,886
                        

Subtotal

   1,055,481    —      18,071    —      1,073,552
                        

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

 

F-119


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

     Financial
Services
MCh$
   Government
MCh$
   Retail
(Individuals)
MCh$
   Trade
MCh$
   Manufacturing
MCh$
   Mining
MCh$
   Electricity, Gas
and Water
MCh$
   Agriculture and
Livestock
MCh$
   Forestry
MCh$
   Fishing
MCh$
   Transportation
and  Telecom
MCh$
   Construction
MCh$
   Services
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                                            

Cash and due from banks

   458,730    168,255    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      124,238    —      751,223
                                                                          

Financial assets held-for-trading

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      304,493    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      304,493

Other instruments issued in Chile

   280,389    —      —      1,403    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      281,792

Instruments issued abroad

   40,579    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      40,579
                                                                          

Subtotal

   320,968    304,493    —      1,403    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      626,864
                                                                          

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   1,300    46,136    —      6,461    1,408    547    15,686    186    —      39    3,064    456    77    159    75,519
                                                                          

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                                            

Forwards

   494,955    —      6    4,930    7,608    116    979    1,834    —      1,884    395    834    74    39,995    553,610

Swaps

   229,473    —      —      1,160    580    7,132    22,228    4,784    —      4,632    4,228    2,395    —      44,991    321,603

Call options

   —      —      —      391    —      —      —      456    —      65    —      —      —      —      912

Put options

   —      —      —      323    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      323

Futures

   —         —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      434    434

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   724,428    —      6    6,804    8,188    7,248    23,207    7,074    —      6,581    4,623    3,229    74    85,420    876,882
                                                                          

Hedge Derivative Contracts

                                            

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   25,469    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      25,469

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   25,469       —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      25,469
                                                                          

Loans and advances to banks

                                            

Domestic banks

   10,004    250,665    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      260,669

Foreign banks

   61,323    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      61,323
                                                                          

Subtotal

   71,327    250,665    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      321,992
                                                                          

Loans to customers

                                            

Commercial loans (*)

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Residential mortgage loans

   1,520    —      2,146,303    31,278    8,628    1,191    68    15,088    —      —      9,580    8,287    13,280    81,853    2,317,076

Consumer loans

   507    —      1,742,330    23,618    8,620    1,228    24    21,966    —      —      8,690    5,340    6,403    90,557    1,909,283

Financial assets available-for-sale

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      423,681    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      423,681

Other instruments issued in Chile

   503,040    —      —      7,889    5,094    —      19,797    —      —      —      8,180    2,985    —      —      546,985

Instruments issued abroad

   2,723    15,349    —      —      49,118    —      35,696    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      102,886
                                                                          

Subtotal

   505,763    439,030    —      7,889    54,212    —      55,493    —      —      —      8,180    2,985    —      —      1,073,552
                                                                          

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

 

(*) See commercial loans by industry sector in Note 14 (d).

 

F-120


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

The following tables show credit risk exposure per balance sheet item, including derivatives, detailed by both geographic region and industry sector as of December 31, 2009:

 

     Chile
MCh$
   United States
MCh$
   Brazil
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

              

Cash and due from banks

   478,576    222,709    —      26,268    727,553
                        

Financial assets held-for-trading

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   162,094    —      —      —      162,094

Other instruments issued in Chile

   189,496    —      —      —      189,496

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   351,590    —      —      —      351,590
                        

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   79,401    —      —      —      79,401
                        

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

              

Forwards

   114,950    48,781    —      29,998    193,729

Swaps

   178,048    165,129    —      27,240    370,417

Call options

   300    —      —      —      300

Put options

   65    —      —      —      65

Futures

   —      —      —      81    81

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   293,363    213,910    —      57,319    564,592
                        

Hedge derivative contracts

              

Forwards

   1,077    —      —      —      1,077

Swaps

   —      213    —      104    317

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

Subtotal

   1,077    213    —      104    1,394
                        

Loans and advances to banks

              

Domestic banks

   123,796    —      —      —      123,796

Foreign banks

   —      211    190,208    134,766    325,185
                        

Subtotal

   123,796    211    190,208    134,766    448,981
                        

Loans to customers (before allowances for loans losses)

              

Commercial loans

   8,355,043    226    191,177    174,730    8,721,176

Residential mortgage loans

   2,527,006    —      —      —      2,527,006

Consumer loans

   1,943,074    —      —      —      1,943,074
                        

Subtotal

   12,825,123    226    191,177    174,730    13,191,256
                        

Financial assets available-for-sale

              

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   448,289    —      —      —      448,289

Other instruments issued in Chile

   617,049    —      —      —      617,049

Instruments issued abroad

   126,693    36,426    18,753    20,564    202,436
                        

Subtotal

   1,192,031    36,426    18,753    20,564    1,267,774
                        

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —  
                        

 

F-121


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

 

     Financial
Services
MCh$
   Government
MCh$
   Retail
(Individuals)
MCh$
   Trade
MCh$
   Manufacturing
MCh$
   Mining
MCh$
   Electricity, Gas
and Water
MCh$
   Agriculture and
Livestock
MCh$
   Forestry
MCh$
   Fishing
MCh$
   Transportation
and  Telecom
MCh$
   Construction
MCh$
   Services
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                                            

Cash and due from banks

   451,473    127,166    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      148,914    —      727,553
                                                                          

Financial assets held-for-trading

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      162,094    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      162,094

Other instruments issued in Chile

   189,496    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      189,496

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   189,496    162,094    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      351,590
                                                                          

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   3,844    —      —      36,463    4,710    7,600    23,272    831    —      15    2,260    19    387    —      79,401
                                                                          

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                                            

Forwards

   161,908    —      119    16,488    3,465    548    1,890    543    —      135    8,037    454    142    —      193,729

Swaps

   318,270    —      —      3,761    1,449    479    28,037    302    —      2,446    15,405    268    —      —      370,417

Call options

   —      —      —      15    245    —      —      2    —      2    36    —      —      —      300

Put options

   —      —      —      64    1    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      65

Futures

   —         —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      81    —      —      81

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   480,178    —      119    20,328    5,160    1,027    29,927    847    —      2,583    23,478    803    142    —      564,592
                                                                          

Hedge derivative contracts

                                            

Forwards

   1,077    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1,077

Swaps

   317    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      317

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

Subtotal

   1,394    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1,394
                                                                          

Loans and advances to banks

                                            

Domestic banks

   13,796    110,000    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      123,796

Foreign banks

   325,185    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      325,185
                                                                          

Subtotal

   338,981    110,000    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      448,981
                                                                          

Loans to customers

                                            

Commercial loans (*)

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Residential mortgage loans

   157,255    —      2,223,268    26,095    6,855    843    61    10,635    —      692    7,400    5,484    6,148    82,270    2,527,006

Consumer loans

   79,036    —      1,762,546    17,157    5,332    558    7    14,552    —      491    5,858    3,336    2,702    51,501    1,943,076

Financial assets available-for-sale

                                            

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      448,289    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      448,289

Other instruments issued in Chile

   554,558    —      —      —      5,928    —      27,776    —      —      —      10,505    2,727    13,443    2,112    617,049

Instruments issued abroad

   79,617    26,568    —      —      49,638    4,910    36,935    —      —      —      —      —      —      4,768    202,436
                                                                          

Subtotal

   634,175    474,857    —      —      55,566    4,910    64,711    —      —      —      10,505    2,727    13,443    6,880    1,267,774
                                                                          

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                                                          

 

(*) See commercial loans by industry sector in Note 14 (d).

 

F-122


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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

 

  (e) Collaterals and Other Credit Improvements

The amount and type of collaterals required depends on the counterparty’s credit risk assessment. The Bank has guidelines regarding the acceptability of types of collaterals and valuation parameters.

The main types of collaterals obtained are:

 

   

For commercial loans: Residential and non-residential real estate, liens and inventory.

 

   

For retail loans: Mortgages on residential property.

The Bank also obtains collaterals from parent companies for loans granted to their subsidiaries.

Management makes sure its collaterals are acceptable according to both external standards and internal policy guidelines and parameters. The Bank has approximately 153,000 collateral assets, the majority of which consist of real estate.

The Bank also uses mitigating tactics for credit risk on derivative transactions. To date, the following mitigating tactics are used:

 

   

Accelerating transactions and net payment using market values at the date of default of one of the parties.

 

   

Option for both parties to terminate early any transactions with a counterparty at a given date, using market values as of the respective date.

 

   

Margins established with time deposits by customers that close FX forwards with subsidiary Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class

The Bank determines the credit quality of financial assets using internal credit ratings. The rating process is linked to the Bank’s approval and monitoring processes and is carried out in accordance with risk categories established by current standards. Credit quality is continuously updated based on any favorable or unfavorable developments to customers or their environments, considering aspects such as commercial and payment behavior as well as financial information.

The Bank also conducts reviews of companies in certain industry sectors that are affected by macroeconomic or sector-specific variables. Such reviews allow the Bank to timely establish any necessary allowance loan losses that are sufficient to cover losses for potentially uncollectable loans.

 

F-123


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class, continued:

The following table shows credit quality by asset class for balance sheet items, based on the Bank’s credit rating system, as of January 1, 2008.

 

     A1
MCh$
   A2
MCh$
   A3
MCh$
   B
MCh$
   C1
MCh$
   C2
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                       

Cash and due from banks

   128,115    1,144    80,185    120,038    —      —      2,035    331,517
                                       

Financial assets held-for-trading

                       

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   302,735    —      —      —      —      —      —      302,735

Other instruments issued in Chile

   181,763    162,139    80,437    147,644    4    —      7,256    579,243

Instruments issued abroad

   15,616    —      31,040    —      —      —      —      46,656
                                       

Subtotal

   500,114    162,139    111,477    147,644    4    —      7,256    928,634
                                       

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   39,029    4,736    15,552    9,813    —      —      —      69,130
                                       

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                       

Forwards

   20,580    9,275    3,294    4,782    —      —      73    38,004

Swaps

   5,937    898    161    30,911    —      —      —      37,907

Call options

      72    18    1    —      —      —      91

Put options

   —      43    56    24    —      —      —      123

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

Subtotal

   26,517    10,288    3,529    35,718    —      —      73    76,125
                                       

Hedge derivative contracts

                       

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   4,923    —      —      —      —      —      —      4,923

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

Subtotal

   4,923    —      —      —      —      —      —      4,923
                                       

Loans and advances to banks

                       

Domestic banks

   231,596    23,417    —      —      —      —      —      255,013

Foreign banks

   —      —      23,578    —      —      —      —      23,578
                                       

Subtotal

   231,596    23,417    23,578    —      —      —      —      278,591
                                       

Loans to customers

(before allowances for loans losses)

                       

Commercial loans

   89,268    2,329,422    2,004,825    2,352,005    167,196    52,239    225,469    7,220,424

Residential mortgage loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,978,196    1,978,196

Consumer loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,355,607    1,355,607
                                       

Subtotal

   89,268    2,329,422    2,004,825    2,352,005    167,196    52,239    3,559,272    10,554,227
                                       

Financial assets available-for-sale

                       

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other instruments issued in Chile

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,062    1,062

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

Subtotal

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,062    1,062
                                       

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

 

F-124


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class, continued:

The following table shows credit quality by asset class for balance sheet items, based on the Bank’s credit rating system, as of December 31, 2008.

 

     A1
MCh$
   A2
MCh$
   A3
MCh$
   B
MCh$
   C1
MCh$
   C2
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                       

Cash and due from banks

   614,315    11,868    —      125,040    —      —      —      751,223
                                       

Financial assets held-for-trading

                       

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   304,493    —      —      —      —      —      —      304,493

Other instruments issued in Chile

   213,356    65,922    297    2,217    —      —      —      281,792

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      40,579    —      —      —      —      40,579
                                       

Subtotal

   517,849    65,922    40,876    2,217    —      —      —      626,864
                                       

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   12,300    37,222    17,589    8,220    —      —      188    75,519
                                       

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                       

Forwards

   138,879    334,098    21,264    38,189    —      —      21,180    553,610

Swaps

   211,834    47,284    16,568    44,126    4    —      1,787    321,603

Call options

   —      326    195    391    —      —      —      912

Put options

   —      215    —      108    —      —      —      323

Futures

   173    —      —      —      —      —      261    434

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

Subtotal

   350,886    381,923    38,027    82,814    4    —      23,228    876,882
                                       

Hedge derivative contracts

                       

Forwards

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Swaps

   25,469    —      —      —      —      —      —      25,469

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

Subtotal

   25,469    —      —      —      —      —      —      25,469
                                       

Loans and advances to banks

                       

Domestic banks

   250,665    10,004    —      —      —      —      —      260,669

Foreign banks

   8,572    6,327    30,181    16,243    —      —      —      61,323
                                       

Subtotal

   259,237    16,331    30,181    16,243    —      —      —      321,992
                                       

Loans to customers

(before allowances for loans losses)

                       

Commercial loans

   287,220    2,454,840    2,375,691    3,625,075    171,896    102,047    442,444    9,459,213

Residential mortgage loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      2,317,076    2,317,076

Consumer loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      1,909,283    1,909,283
                                       

Subtotal

   287,220    2,454,840    2,375,691    3,625,075    171,896    102,047    4,668,803    13,685,572
                                       

Financial assets available-for-sale

                       

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   423,681    —      —      —      —      —      —      423,681

Other instruments issued in Chile

   71,826    432,916    4,859    37,384    —      —      —      546,985

Instruments issued abroad

   15,347    64,896    2,725    19,918    —      —      —      102,886
                                       

Subtotal

   510,854    497,812    7,584    57,302    —      —      —      1,073,552
                                       

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                       

 

F-125


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class, continued:

 

The following table shows credit quality by asset class for balance sheet items, based on the Bank’s credit rating system, as of December 31, 2009.

 

     A1
MCh$
   A2
MCh$
   A3
MCh$
   B
MCh$
   C1
MCh$
   C2
MCh$
   Impaired
Portfolio
MCh$
   Other
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Financial assets

                          

Cash and due from banks

   300,368    8,348    157,880    259,160    —      —      —      1,797    727,553
                                            

Financial assets held-for-trading

                          

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   162,094    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      162,094

Other instruments issued in Chile

   147,447    42,049    —      —      —      —      —      —      189,496

Instruments issued abroad

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                            

Subtotal

   309,541    42,049    —      —      —      —      —      —      351,590
                                            

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   1,239    23,352    12,168    42,627    —      —      15    —      79,401
                                            

Derivative contracts for trading purposes

                          

Forwards

   83,919    52,519    25,579    31,591    2    —      —      119    193,729

Swaps

   114,687    206,120    15,888    31,286    1,430    —      1,006    —      370,417

Call options

   —      —      259    39    —      —      —      2    300

Put options

   —      —      48    17    —      —      —      —      65

Futures

   —      81    —      —      —      —      —      —      81

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                            

Subtotal

   198,606    258,720    41,774    62,933    1,432    —      1,006    121    564,592
                                            

Hedge derivative contracts

                          

Forwards

   1,077    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1,077

Swaps

   161    120    —      36    —      —      —      —      317

Call options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Put options

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Futures

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Other

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                            

Subtotal

   1,238    120    —      36    —      —      —      —      1,394
                                            

Loans and advances to banks

                          

Domestic banks

   110,000    13,796    —      —      —      —      —      —      123,796

Foreign banks

   21,530    72,192    228,412    3,051    —      —      —      —      325,185
                                            

Subtotal

   131,530    85,988    228,412    3,051    —      —      —      —      448,981
                                            

Loans to customers

(before allowances for loans losses)

                          

Commercial loans

   32,067    2,290,427    2,074,847    3,446,251    136,957    6,195    418,057    316,375    8,721,176

Residential mortgage loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      68,787    2,458,219    2,527,006

Consumer loans

   —      —      —      —      —      —      135,675    1,807,399    1,943,074
                                            

Subtotal

   32,067    2,290,427    2,074,847    3,446,251    136,957    6,195    622,519    4,581,993    13,191,256
                                            

Financial assets available-for-sale

                          

From the Chilean Government and Central Bank of Chile

   448,289    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      448,289

Other instruments issued in Chile

   284,755    276,064    18,071    36,047    —      —      —      2,112    617,049

Instruments issued abroad

   69,878    78,876    —      48,914    —      —      —      4,768    202,436
                                            

Subtotal

   802,922    354,940    18,071    84,961    —      —      —      6,880    1,267,774
                                            

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                            

 

F-126


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class, continued:

 

Analysis of age of non-impaired, over-due loans by financial asset class:

Terms:

Default 1: 1 to 29 days

Default 2: 30 to 59 days

Default 3: 60 to 89 days

As of January 1, 2008:

 

     Default 1
MCh$
   Default 2
MCh$
   Default 3
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Loans and advances to banks

   1,284    —      1,418    2,702

Commercial loans

   30,495    4,991    2,417    37,903

Import-export financing

   2,862    222    967    4,051

Factoring transactions

   24,138    329    21    24,488

Commercial lease transactions

   3,175    748    359    4,282

Other loans and receivables

   815    656    500    1,971

Residential mortgage loans

   578    562    281    1,421

Consumer loans

   6,030    2,596    1,490    10,116
                   

Total

   69,377    10,104    7,453    86,934
                   

As of December 31, 2008:

 

     Default 1
MCh$
   Default 2
MCh$
   Default 3
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Loans and advances to banks

   6,485    —      —      6,485

Commercial loans

   25,574    12,185    2,867    40,626

Import-export financing

   32,301    933    347    33,581

Factoring transactions

   24,829    3,483    446    28,758

Commercial lease transactions

   2,385    965    317    3,667

Other loans and receivables

   1,450    1,563    1,171    4,184

Residential mortgage loans

   372    686    4    1,062

Consumer loans

   13,254    5,128    3,083    21,465
                   

Total

   106,650    24,943    8,235    139,828
                   

 

F-127


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

  (f) Credit Quality by Asset Class, continued:

 

As of December 31, 2009:

 

     Default 1
MCh$
   Default 2
MCh$
   Default 3
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Loans and advances to banks

   662    —      —      662

Commercial loans

   17,375    6,526    4,193    28,094

Import-export financing

   10,084    90    661    10,835

Factoring transactions

   17,248    3,409    528    21,185

Commercial lease transactions

   1,894    774    331    2,999

Other loans and receivables

   1,236    1,213    792    3,241

Residential mortgage loans

   389    360    17    766

Consumer loans

   13,084    6,627    3,982    23,693
                   

Total

   61,972    18,999    10,504    91,475
                   

The value of collateral maintained by the Bank for loans individually classified as impaired as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009 is MCh$198,647, MCh$104,254 and MCh$187,899 respectively.

The value of collateral maintained by the Bank for loans over-due but non-impaired as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009 is MCh$249,309, MCh$193,174 and MCh$78,251 respectively.

 

  (g) Assets Received in Lieu of Payment

The Bank has received assets in lieu of payment totaling MCh$515 MCh$3,052 and MCh$8,522 as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively, the majority of which are properties. All of these assets are managed for sale.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(h) Renegotiated Assets

The impaired loans are considered to be renegotiated when the corresponding financial commitments are restructured and the Bank assesses the probability of recovery as sufficiently high.

The following table details the book value of loans with renegotiated terms per financial asset class:

 

     January 1,
2008
MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Financial assets

        

Loans and advances to banks

        

Domestic banks

   —      —      —  

Foreign banks

   —      —      —  
              

Subtotal

   —      —      —  
              

Loans to customers, net

        

Commercial loans

   11,994    12,215    169,642

Residential mortgage loans

   9,722    9,623    10,908

Consumer loans

   58,517    112,681    176,795
              

Subtotal

   80,233    134,519    357,345
              

Total renegotiated financial assets

   80,233    134,519    357,345
              

The Bank evaluates allowances loan losses in two segments: individually assessed allowances loan losses and group assessed allowances loan losses, which are described in more detail in Note 2(l).

 

  (i) Impairment Testing

The main tools used to test loan impairment include an analysis of whether principal or interest payments are more than 90 days past due or if the counterparty is experiencing any known cash flow problems, reductions in credit ratings or default of the original contractual terms.

 

  (j) Off balance sheet accounts

In order to meet our customers’ financial needs, the Bank has extended several irrevocable commitments and contingent obligations. Even though these obligations are not recognized in the balance sheet, they involve credit risk and thus form part of the Bank’s general risk exposure.

Credit risk exposure generated by contingent obligations is disclosed in Note 30.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk

Market Risk is referred as to the potential loss the Bank may incur due to an adverse change of market factors levels (such as FX rates, equity prices, interest rates, etc,) or due to the scarcity of liquidity. Therefore, Market Risk for analysis purposes is separated into the following two components: Liquidity Risk and Price Risk.

(a) Liquidity Risk

Liquidity Risk is the risk of a potential loss due to a partial or complete absence of liquidity in the financial markets. This scarcity may occur due to a reduction of available funds that negatively impact the Bank’s funding capacity, which is referred as to Funding Liquidity risk. In addition, a reduction in the secondary market trading volumes observed for the instruments held in our balance sheet (such as bonds, stocks, etc,) or a decrease in terms of tickets size, tenors or number of participants in the derivatives market may lead to Trading Liquidity risk. In any case, in both environments the Bank is exposed to be unable to raise cash for honoring its contractual obligations.

Liquidity Risk Measurement

The Bank primarily measures, limits, controls and reports Funding Liquidity risk. The lack of explicit measuring of Trading Liquidity risk is due to the fact that the Bank’s trading portfolio is mainly comprised of highly liquid debt instruments such as Central Bank bonds, Chilean government bonds and short-term time deposits. The Trading Liquidity of derivative instruments is limited via explicit Greek limits: FX positions are controlled under delta FX limits; interest rate trading liquidity is controlled via DV01 limits (the DV01 is the change in the value of a financial instrument as a result of an increase in its valuation interest rate by 0.01%); a vega and gamma monitoring process is in place as well. Debt instruments booked in the Accrual book2 do not require trading liquidity restrictions since they are purchased as medium to long term investments, usually used for taking structural interest rate positions and/or hedging stable balances such as demand deposits.

Funding Liquidity is controlled and limited using several reports. The most basic in place is the C08 liquidity report, which is part of the set of reports requested by the regulators. The C08 liquidity report forecasts cash flow payments over the next 30 and 90 days for the main transactional balance sheet items (excluding capital, property and equipment, etc,); reports are separated between those that include cash flows denominated in local currency (including cash flows denominated in CLP and CLF) from those in foreign currencies (mainly concentrated in USD, EUR and JPY). The Superintendence of Banks (“SBIF”) requests banks to comply with the following C08 Index limits (the C08 Index is computed as the result of dividing the expected cash flow for the tenor bucket under analysis by the bank’s Basic Capital).

Foreign Currency 1-30 days C08 Index < 1

All Currencies 1-30 days C08 Index < 1

All Currencies 1-90 days C08 Index < 2

 

2

The accrual book contains all instruments, contracts and other financial operations (assets and liabilities) that are not part of the trading book. Generally, all traditional banking operations such as loans, deposits and financial instruments with the intention to be held until maturity are recognized in the accrual book.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

Additionally, the SBIF allows banks to measure and report the C08 Index utilizing behavioral maturity assumptions for some specific balance sheet items (such as rollover assumptions for some proportion of the loans portfolio; some portion of the DDAs may be modeled as stable and therefore not withdrawn from the bank; etc.). When calculating the C08 Index using behavioral assumptions, it is referred as to the Adjusted C08 Index.

As of December 31, 2009, the Adjusted C08 1-30 days Index for foreign currency is 0.22 whereas the Adjusted C08 1-30 days Index for all currencies C08 is 0.08 (see graph below).

LOGO

All Adjusted C08 1-30 days Indexes show the conservative management of the short-term liquidity throughout 2009 and especially within the first quarter of the year. In fact, the negative value of the Adjusted C08 1-30 days Index for all currencies during the first half of 2009 illustrates a solid liquidity position since there were no clear signs at that time that the global economy was on its way to recover from the financial crisis. Beginning the third quarter, the use increases mainly due to a greater use of USD funding.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

LOGO

The use of the Adjusted C08 1-90 days C08 Index for all currencies throughout 2009 is more stable than in the case of 1-30 days, fluctuating between 0 and 0.7. As of December 31, 2009, the value of this index is 0.7, which is significantly smaller than the limit, which is 2 (see graph above). In any case, this index confirms the Bank’s leeway in terms of maturity mismatches between assets and liabilities cashflow payments.

The maturity profile of the consolidated financial liabilities of Banco de Chile and its subsidiaries is detailed below:

 

     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than

5 years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of January 1, 2008

                    

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   2,512,104    —      —      —      —      —      2,512,104

Transactions in the course of payment

   308,623    —      —      —      —      —      308,623

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   333,161    15,094    6,928    —      —      —      355,183

Saving accounts and time deposits

   2,538,867    1,775,172    1,984,661    307,439    268    29    6,606,436

Derivative instruments

   288,426    176,393    494,631    863    —      —      960,313

Borrowings from financial institutions

   154,703    259,363    425,840    17,423    —      —      857,329

Other financial obligations

   744,317    74,969    276,193    584,619    440,033    908,516    3,028,647
                                  

Total undiscounted financial liabilities (excluding derivatives with offsetting agreements)

   6,880,201    2,300,991    3,188,253    910,344    440,301    908,545    14,628,635
                                  

Derivatives with offsetting agreements

   98,883    45,645    138,131    565,292    295,221    302,393    1,445,565
                                  

 

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45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

 

     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and  5
years
MCh$
   More
than
5 years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of December 31, 2008

                    

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   3,007,261    —      —      —      —      —      3,007,261

Transactions in the course of payment

   479,789    —      —      —      —      —      479,789

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   406,857    12,411    1,390    —      —      —      420,658

Saving accounts and time deposits

   3,540,935    1,829,311    2,511,082    630,443    73,152    17    8,584,940

Derivative instruments

   399,189    478,134    96,033    3,794    12,397    —      989,547

Borrowings from financial institutions

   227,101    612,409    570,313    83,672    94,367    —      1,587,862

Other financial obligations

   483,410    225,172    267,786    601,812    523,665    1,016,427    3,118,272
                                  

Total undiscounted financial liabilities (excluding derivatives with offsetting agreements)

   8,544,542    3,157,437    3,446,604    1,319,721    703,581    1,016,444    18,188,329
                                  

Derivatives with offsetting agreements

   712,849    1,789,922    5,807,984    5,887,938    3,216,358    1,430,938    18,845,989
                                  
     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and  5
years
MCh$
   More
than
5 years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of December 31, 2009

                    

Current accounts and other demand deposits

   3,718,076    —      —      —      —      —      3,718,076

Transactions in the course of payment

   325,056    —      —      —      —      —      325,056

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   296,594    11,434    —      —      —      —      308,028

Saving accounts and time deposits

   3,325,777    1,719,186    2,283,694    196,260    2,093    24    7,527,034

Derivative instruments

   352,647    227,119    237,107    16,361    16,193    —      849,427

Borrowings from financial institutions

   201,743    200,894    823,789    —      65,836    75,964    1,368,226

Other financial obligations

   592,672    516,183    233,963    561,186    306,911    894,639    3,105,554
                                  

Total undiscounted financial liabilities (excluding derivatives with offsetting agreements)

   8,812,565    2,674,816    3,578,553    773,807    391,033    970,627    17,201,401
                                  

Derivatives with offsetting agreements

   494,410    827,490    3,156,726    5,268,798    2,333,554    1,262,678    13,343,656
                                  

The loans-to-deposits ratio for 2009 and 2008 is detailed below:

Loans-to-Deposit Ratio

 

     January 1,
2008
   December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2009

Maximum

   2.01    1.54    1.46

Minimum

   1.03    1.34    1.30

Average

   1.36    1.42    1.40

The Bank establishes internal limits, in addition to those imposed by local regulators, which aim to prevent significant funding sources concentration and, thus, ensure diversified funding.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

The first set of metrics—one is applicable to customer liabilities denominated in local currency and the other to foreign currency denominated customer liabilities—limits the aggregate amount that large fund providers may invest in Banco de Chile liabilities; time deposits and instruments sold under repurchase agreement are considered for this metric only. Limits are currently approved as 42% for local currency current liabilities and only 20% for foreign currency current liabilities.

The utilization of the local currency liabilities limit is stable throughout 2009 and it never reached 35%. The utilization of the foreign currency liabilities limit was more volatile, slightly exceeding in several periods the limit of 20%. The limit breach occurred given that the Treasury took advantage of the interest rate differential between the derivatives domestic USD dollar yields and the cash domestic US dollar interest rates. In any case, the Assets & Liabilities Committee approved this limit breach.

Additionally, the Bank established two additional metrics for limiting funding concentration. One of these limits the largest local currency fund provider on individual basis from exceeding 9% of current liabilities in that currency. The other limits the largest foreign currency fund provider on individual basis from exceeding 14% of current liabilities in foreign currencies. These limits operated with comfort throughout 2009, reaching a maximum of 7% the former and 11% the latter.

(b) Price Risk

Price Risk is referred as to the potential loss the Bank may incur due to an adverse change of market factors (such as FX rates, equity prices, interest rates, etc). Market factors are usually classified into the following three groups:

 

  1. Spot prices, such as foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, precious metals or energy prices, etc. The Bank incurs foreign exchange risk and is indirectly exposed to equity prices risk through its subsidiary Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A.

 

  2. Interest rates inherent in debt instruments prices (usually referred as to yield-to maturity or YTM) and derivatives yield curves. This group includes debt instruments. This group also includes “spreads”, which are simply the mathematical difference between two interest rates or yields. These include a swap spread or arithmetic difference between the swap yield curve of a certain currency for a given tenor and the corresponding interest rate of a bullet bond issued by the government and/or central bank for the same tenor and currency. Likewise, a credit spread is the arithmetic difference between the interest rate of a bond issued by a private entity and the interest rate on a bullet bond issued by the government and/or central bank for the same tenor and currency.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

  3. Options volatility. This is the third type of market factor and applies to options only, whose underlying asset is one or more of the market factors classified in the two aforementioned groups. The most common options transactions include foreign exchange rates and/or interest rates as underlying assets. The Bank currently has outstanding transactions in both.

In line with this market factors classification, Price Risk is classified into three groups: (a) spot price or commodity risk, (b) interest rate risk and (c) options volatility risk.

The Bank would be exposed to foreign exchange rate risk or Spot Price Risk if its aggregate portfolio comprises more USD denominated assets than liabilities denominated in such currency. In the case that this extra amount is funded in CLP, the Bank would be exposed to the risk of the USD depreciating against the Chilean peso, resulting in losses.

Likewise, the Bank would be exposed to interest rates or would hold Interest Rate Price Risk if the repricing tenors of assets were unmatched with those repricing tenors of liabilities. As an example, if liabilities are repriced faster than the assets balance sheet items, the Bank is exposed to an interest rate rise. Should this occur, the Bank would incur in losses.

Finally, the Bank would be exposed to fluctuations in the volatility of the CLP/USD foreign exchange rate or Options Volatility Price Risk if the portfolio generates a vega other than zero (vega is the change in value of an option as a result of a positive fluctuation of the volatility by 1%). The Bank would be exposed to a volatility decrease if the options book generates a positive vega, resulting in losses.

Measuring Price Risk

Price Risk is measured utilizing various reports and is separately assessed for the Trading and Accrual books.

A standardized regulatory report (SBIF C43 report) is used for the Trading Book, which allows the Bank including its affiliates to measure its potential loss in the case of an adverse fluctuation, at a given confidence level, of the relevant market factors used for valuing these transactions (FX rates, interest rates, derivatives yields, equity prices, etc.). This metric is computed using tables provided by the SBIF, which are basically taken from the Basel Accord on standardized measurement of price risk for Trading portfolios. The evolution of the Trading Book price risk throughout 2009 is illustrated in the next graph.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

LOGO

The SBIF has not established a formal individual limit for the Trading Portfolio price risk, but rather an overall limit that includes Market Risk plus 10% of Risk-Weighted Assets. In the future, Operational risk will be also included in the regulatory measurement.

Most of the Bank’s price risk during the period stemmed from interest rate positions, specifically those related to derivative transactions. In fact, most of the Bank’s price risk was generated by interest rate swaps denominated in CLP and CLF. Next in line were foreign exchange rate positions and then, to a much lesser extent, small positions in foreign and interest rate options transactions.

In addition, the Bank established internal limits for its Trading Book regarding net foreign exchange rate positions (FX delta), interest rates sensitivity limits (rho or DV01) and vega for options portfolios. The internal Price Risk policy call for daily stress tests for trading portfolios, including potential losses analysis versus formal triggers (“look forward analysis”) and actual losses within a calendar monitored against management action triggers (“look back analysis”).

The interest rate risk of the Accrual book is obtained using a standardized regulatory report (SBIF C40 report). This enables the Bank to estimate the potential loss due to adverse interest rate fluctuations, with a certain level of confidence. This metric is computed using tables provided by the SBIF, for standardized measurement of the accrual interest rate risk. Under current regulations, banks must establish limts for the short –term interest rate risk for the Accrual book as a percentage of the net interest rate margin and for the long-term interest rate risk as a percentage of the Bank’s Basic Capital, current limits for Banco de Chile are 25% and 25% respectively.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

LOGO

In both cases, the use of risk is very stable, reflecting the stability of the Accrual book balance sheet items and an adequate leeway for potential new opportunities to open interest rate gaps.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

The following table illustrates the exposure of the Accrual Book to interest rate risk by maturity on an individual basis as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009:

Accrual Book Interest Rate Exposure by Maturity

 

     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and  5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Assets as of January 1, 2008

                    

Cash and due from banks

   340,863    —      —      —      —      —      340,863

Transactions in the course of collection

   248,154    —      —      —      —      —      248,154

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   38,454    —      —      —      —      —      38,454

Derivative instruments

   —      —      5,554    10,985    10,985    118,388    145,912

Loans and advances to banks

   251,114    105    11,025    13,845    57    —      276,146

Loans to customers, net

   1,694,753    1,433,092    2,587,485    2,547,220    1,152,001    2,458,575    11,873,126

Financial assets available-for-sale

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                  

Total assets

   2,573,338    1,433,197    2,604,064    2,572,050    1,163,043    2,576,963    12,922,655
                                  
     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Assets as of December 31, 2008

                    

Cash and due from banks

   734,201    —      —      —      —      —      734,201

Transactions in the course of collection

   397,051    —      —      —      —      —      397,051

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   46,318    —      —      —      —      —      46,318

Derivative instruments

   30,388    31,713    30,573    13,938    13,957    143,225    263,794

Loans and advances to banks

   321,992    —      —      —      —      —      321,992

Loans to customers, net

   3,135,533    2,084,624    3,546,419    2,639,387    1,272,950    3,201,811    15,880,724

Financial assets available-for-sale

   125,234    186,890    368,276    136,824    81,073    364,292    1,262,589

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                  

Total assets

   4,790,717    2,303,227    3,945,268    2,790,149    1,367,980    3,709,328    18,906,669
                                  
     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Assets as of December 31, 2009

                    

Cash and due from banks

   696,732    —      —      —      —      —      696,732

Transactions in the course of collection

   328,530    —      —      —      —      —      328,530

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —  

Derivative instruments

   57,877    69,732    174,303    —      —      —      301,912

Loans and advances to banks

   212,963    59,835    147,818    12,906    15,458    —      448,980

Loans to customers, net

   2,205,503    1,766,611    3,562,989    2,858,548    1,389,593    3,247,244    15,030,488

Financial assets available-for-sale

   229,713    138,284    343,402    121,654    117,797    549,610    1,500,460

Financial assets held-to-maturity

   —      —      —      —      —      —      —  
                                  

Total assets

   3,731,318    2,034,462    4,228,512    2,993,108    1,522,848    3,796,854    18,307,102
                                  

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

Accrual Book Interest Rate Exposure by Maturity

 

     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and  3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of January 1, 2008

                    

Current accounts and demand deposits

   2,273,006    —      —      —      —      —      2,273,006

Transactions in the course of payment

   66,795    —      —      —      —      —      66,795

Payables from repurchase agreements and security Lending

   27,053    —      —      —      —      —      27,053

Saving accounts and time deposits

   2,584,047    1,601,544    1,958,276    307,992    269    29    6,452,157

Derivative instruments

   —      —      101,585    —      —      —      101,585

Borrowings from financial institutions

   230,378    506,759    99,229    1,594    —      —      837,960

Debt issued

   13,017    32,622    106,262    571,396    429,264    888,706    2,041,267

Other financial obligations

   95,795    3,703    51,537    3,231    2,930    3,021    160,217
                                  

Total liabilities

   5,290,091    2,144,628    2,316,889    884,213    432,463    891,756    11,960,040
                                  
     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of December 31, 2008

                    

Current accounts and demand deposits

   3,014,013    —      —      —      —      —      3,014,013

Transactions in the course of payment

   141,988    —      —      —      —      —      141,988

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   77,858    —      —      —      —      —      77,858

Saving accounts and time deposits

   3,540,935    1,829,311    2,511,082    630,443    73,152    17    8,584,940

Derivative instruments

   626    715    129,633    16,386    26,247    64,056    237,663

Borrowings from financial institutions

   473,465    804,365    218,121    —      —      —      1,495,951

Debt issued

   13,905    33,504    261,642    574,369    507,651    966,172    2,357,243

Other financial obligations

   74,577    —      —      —      —      —      74,577
                                  

Total liabilities

   7,337,367    2,667,895    3,120,478    1,221,198    607,050    1,030,245    15,984,233
                                  
     Up to 1
month
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
months
MCh$
   Between 3
and 12
months
MCh$
   Between
1 and 3
years
MCh$
   Between
3 and 5
years
MCh$
   More
than 5
years
MCh$
   Total
MCh$

Liabilities as of December 31, 2009

                    

Current accounts and demand deposits

   3,759,962    —      —      —      —      —      3,759,962

Transactions in the course of payment

   129,379    —      —      —      —      —      129,379

Payables from repurchase agreements and security lending

   31,693    —      —      —      —      —      31,693

Saving accounts and time deposits

   3,328,616    1,718,100    2,285,248    197,389    2,105    24    7,531,482

Derivative instruments

   1,228    1,019    12,841    48,748    74,473    230,020    368,329

Borrowings from financial institutions

   446,337    498,860    419,152    —      —      —      1,364,349

Debt issued

   10,973    191,470    113,160    539,276    290,540    859,564    2,004,983

Other financial obligations

   237,242    55,025    48,241    14,898    12,790    24,474    392,670
                                  

Total liabilities

   7,945,430    2,464,474    2,878,642    800,311    379,908    1,114,082    15,582,847
                                  

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

Price Risk Sensitivity Analysis

The use of stress tests has been put in place in the Bank in order to separately measure the potential risk for the Trading and Accrual books. After the 2008 financial crisis, the Bank realized that this is a more useful and reliable tool than normal distribution fluctuations assessments (as the VaR). To implement stress tests, the Bank daily monitors the trend of potential losses/gains for the Trading book and their root causes—e.g., position size changes, changes of market factors volatilities; uncoupling of these changes (e.g. absence of historical correlations) and the current trading liquidity to close the exposure generated by these positions. This analysis is also implemented for the accrual book on a monthly basis.

An updated database is maintained including the historical data of foreign exchange rates, debt instruments yields to maturity, derivatives swap yields, foreign exchange volatilities, etc. that enable the Bank to maintain up-to-date records of historical volatility of market factors fluctuations and correlations between these ones. Given this, the stress tests may be implemented modeling directional fluctuations but also knowing the magnitude of the modeled fluctuations relative to statistical data and also how frequent the fluctuation modeled occurred in the past (last 4 years, as a minimum of data horizon).

In order to comply with IFRS 7.40, we include the following exercise illustrating an estimation of the impact of feasible but reasonable (neither stressed nor extreme) fluctuations of interest rates, swaps yields, foreign exchange rates and foreign exchange volatilities embedded in the Trading and Accrual portfolios. Given that the Bank’s portfolio includes positions denominated in nominal and real interest rates, these fluctuations must be aligned with realistic inflation changes forecast. The exercise is implemented in a very simplistic way: trading portfolios impacts are estimated by multiplying DV01s by expected interest rates shifts; accrual portfolios impacts are computed as multiplying cumulative gaps by forward interest rates modeled fluctuations. However, this methodology presents the limitation that convexity of interest rates yield curves is not captured for trading portfolios; additionally, neither convexity nor prepayments behaviors are captured in the accrual portfolio analysis. In any case, given the magnitude of the shifts, the methodology may be enough accurate for the purposes and scope of the analysis.

The following table illustrates the fluctuations of bond interest rates, derivatives yields, FX CLP/USD volatility and inflation. Equity prices fluctuations of positions held in the Bank’s stockbrokerage house (Banchile Corredores de Bolsa SA) are not included given that are not considered material. In fact, equity positions used to be very small given that this legal vehicle is mostly focused on customer driven transactions (brokerage or equity swaps transactions closed with customers).

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

The directions of these fluctuations were chosen between four scenarios (two positive economic scenarios and two negative economic scenarios) given that they generate the worst impact within the four above mentioned:

 

     Risk Analysis: Adverse Scenario  

Tenor

   CLP
Derivatives
(bps)
    CLP
Bonds
(bps)
    Spread
TAB CLP

90 /  CAM
(bps)
   CLF
Derivatives
(bps)
    CLF
Bonds
(bps)
    USD
Offshore
1m
Derivatives
(bps)
    USD
Offshore
3m
Derivatives
(bps)
    USD
Offshore
6m
Derivatives
(bps)
    USD
Offshore  1y
Derivatives
(bps)
    Spread
USD  On/Off
Derivatives
(bps)
    Vol FX
CLP/USD

(%)
   D  Annual
Inflation

(%)
 

1 d

   (26   (35   160    190      173      (8   (8   (8   (8   (100   10.00    (2.0

3 m

   (29   (35   160    186      174      (16   (16   (16   (16   (100   10.00    (2.0

6 m

   (33   (40   160    174      168      (16   (16   (16   (16   (100   10.00    (2.0

9 m

   (71   (72   160    133      132      (24   (24   (24   (24   (100   10.00    (2.0

1 yr.

   (110   (154   160    93      50      (24   (24   (24   (24   (70   10.00    (2.0

2 yr.

   (110   (224   160    (7   (120   (48   (48   (48   (48   (10   10.00    —     

4 yr.

   (110   (200   160    (56   (145   (64   (64   (64   (64   (10   —      —     

6 yr.

   (110   (184   160    (73   (146   (72   (72   (72   (72   (10   —      —     

10 yr.

   (110   (160   160    (86   (135   (64   (64   (64   (64   (10   —      —     

16 yr.

   (110   (160   160    (93   (143   (80   (80   (80   (80   (10   —      —     

20 yr.

   (110   (160   160    (96   (146   (80   (80   (80   (80   (10   —      —     

The impact in the bank’s Trading book is the following:

 

Adverse Scenario

Expected P&L Trading Book

     MCh$

Interest Rate Book

  

CLP

   5,297

CLF

   3,520

USD, EUR, JPY offshore

   2,507

USD, EUR, JPY on/ff spread

   (1,110)

Total Interest Rate

   10,214
    
     MCh$

FX Spot

  

Total FX Spot

   112
    
     MCh$

Vega FX Options

  

Total FX Options

   49
    

Total Impact

   10,375

Forecasted P&L next 12 months

   360,000

Basic Capital

   1,392,745

Actually, the modeled scenario would generate a profit in the Trading book. Inverse fluctuation would generate a loss of the approximately the same magnitude. In any case, such fluctuations would not be resulting in material gains or losses compared with either forecasted profits for the next 12 months and/or Basic Capital.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

The impact in the Accrual portfolio, which is not necessarily a gain/loss but greater/lower net revenue from funds generation (net revenues from funds or NRFF is the net interests generation resulting from the accrual portfolio), is illustrated below:

 

Adverse Scenario

Marginal NRFF next 12 months

     MCh$

CLP Total

   10,374

CLF Total

   (28,816)

FCY Total

   (2,151)

Marginal NRFF

   (20,593)

Forecasted P&L next 12 months

   360,000

Basic Capital

   1,392,745

The main adverse impact occurs in the CLF denominated book given that the scenario is considering a lower inflation and a rise in the CLF interest rates, both negatively hitting the value of the cost-to-close of the referred book. The impact is slightly less than 1 month of the forecasted profit.

The full-life analysis, e.g. including the gaps and fluctuations for the next 20 years, is illustrated below:

 

Adverse Scenario

Marginal NRFF Full Life (20 years)

     MCh$

CLP Total

   106,250

CLF Total

   249,698

FCY Total

   (24,176)

Marginal NRFF

   331,772

Forecasted P&L next 12 months

   360,000

Basic Capital

   1,392,745

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(3) Market Risk, continued:

 

Finally, the next table illustrates the shadow mark-to-market impact (the impact on equity but not on income) in the AFS portfolio due to interest rate fluctuations:

 

AFS Portfolio Impact

 

Instrument

   Notional (*)    YTM
Impact
bps
    Impact
MCh$
 

CLP Central Bank Bonds

   266,384    (35   2,051   

CLP Short-Term CDs & Commercial Paper

   249,264    (35   5,478   

Corporate Bonds

   4,350    (220   224   
           

Total CLP

        7,753   

CLF Central Bank Bonds

   7.18    (86   12,083   

CLF Short-Term CDs

   7.67    174      (1,369

CLF Mortgage Bonds

   4.32    (145   8,149   

CLF Corporate Bonds

   5.41    (140   12,485   
           

Total CLF

        31,348   

USD-Indexed Corporate Bonds

   18    (10   63   

USD Bank Bonds, Chilean Yankee bonds, etc

   335.3    (60   6,763   
           

Total USD

        6,826   

Total AFS Portfolio

  

  45,927   
           

Regulatory Capital

  

  1,392,745   
           

Capital Impact (%)

  

  3.30
           

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(4) Capital Requirements and Capital Management:

The Bank maintains an actively managed capital base to cover the risks inherent in its business. The adequacy of the Bank’s capital is monitored using, among other measures, the rules and ratios established by the Chilean Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions. During the past year as well as 2008, the Bank has fully complied with the externally imposed capital requirements.

The primary objectives of the Bank’s capital management are to ensure that the Bank complies with externally imposed capital requirements and that the Bank maintains strong credit ratings and healthy capital ratios.

The Bank manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in the light of changes in the economic conditions and the risk characteristics of its activities. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure the Bank may adjust the amount of dividend payments, return capital to its shareholders or issue capital securities. No changes have been made to the objectives, policies and processes during the years presented.

Regulatory capital

In accordance with the Chilean General Banking Law, the Bank must maintain a minimum ratio of Effective Equity to Consolidated Risk-Weighted Assets of 8%, net of required provisions, and a minimum ratio of Basic Capital to Total Consolidated Assets of 3%, net of required provisions. However, due to the 2008 merger of Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile, the Superintendency of Banks and Financial Institutions, in Resolution N° 209 from December 26, 2007, increased the limit on the Bank’s ratio of effective equity to risk-weighted assets to 10%. In this context, the SBIF ratified the use of the 10% as minimum fixed in December 2001 when authorizing merge by absorption of Banco Edwards in Banco de Chile.

For this purpose, Effective Equity is determined based on Capital and Reserves or Basic Capital, adjusted by: (a) adding subordinate bonds up to 50% of Basic Capital, (b) adding additional loan provisions, and (c) subtracting the asset balance of goodwill or overpayments and unconsolidated investments in companies.

Assets are weighted using risk categories, which are assigned a risk percentage based on the capital needed to back each asset. There are 5 risk categories (0%, 10%, 20%, 60% and 100%). For example, cash, due from banks and financial instruments issued by the Chilean Central Bank have 0% risk, which means, in accordance with current standards, no capital is required to back these assets. Property and equipment have 100% risk, which means that minimum capital equivalent to 8% of the value of these assets is needed (10% in the case of Banco de Chile).

All derivative instruments traded off-market are taken into account to determine risk assets using conversion factors over notional values, thus calculating the value of the credit risk exposure (or “credit equivalent”). For weighting purposes, “credit equivalent” also considers off-balance sheet contingent loans.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

45. Risk Management, continued:

 

(4) Capital Requirements and Capital Management, continued:

 

Levels of Basic Capital and Effective Equity as of January 1, 2008, December 31, 2008 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     Consolidated assets    Risk-Weighted assets
     January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$
   January 1,
2008

MCh$
   2008
MCh$
   2009
MCh$

Balance sheet assets (net of provisions)

                 

Cash and due from banks

   331,517    751,223    727,553    45    318    154

Transactions in the course of collection

   542,579    807,625    526,051    19,644    47,744    224,148

Financial assets held-for-trading

   928,634    626,864    351,590    290,272    139,565    128,806

Receivables from repurchase agreements and security borrowing

   69,130    75,519    79,401    69,130    75,519    79,401

Derivative instruments

   81,048    902,351    565,986    137,994    829,707    449,852

Loans and advances to banks

   278,591    321,992    448,981    15,511    63,324    327,944

Loans to customers, net

   10,424,603    13,460,464    12,879,155    10,047,990    12,384,361    11,855,716

Financial assets available-for-sale

   1,062    1,073,552    1,267,774    —      253,285    397,656

Investments in other companies

   7,942    11,293    10,494    7,359    13,407    12,606

Intangible assets

   25,520    94,324    88,182    24,974    30,299    28,885

Property and equipment

   199,403    211,379    205,847    168,871    214,301    207,795

Investment Properties

   16,459    18,397    17,840    —      —      —  

Current tax assets

   —      —      —      —      —      —  

Deferred tax assets

   41,786    63,747    72,103    4,610    7,325    8,285

Assets classified as held-for-sale

   413,062    —      —      —      —      —  

Other assets

   449,798    251,487    282,872    147,639    217,768    217,498
                       

Subtotal

            10,934,039    14,276,923    13,938,746

Off-balance-sheet assets

                 

Contingent loans

   1,302,092    1,473,200    1,447,233    781,255    877,033    862,550
                       

Total risk-weighed assets

            11,715,294    15,153,956    14,801,296
                       

 

     January 1, 2008    2008    2009
     Amount
MCh$
   Ratio
%
   Amount
MCh$
   Ratio
%
   Amount
MCh$
   Ratio
%

Basic capital (*)

   809,105    5.50    1,297,735    6.56    1,392,745    7.33

Effective equity

   1,233,370    10.69    1,774,448    11.71    1,879,548    12.70

 

(*) Basic Capital corresponds to equity attributable to equity holders in the Statement of Consolidated Financial Position without considering adjustments due to first-time adoption of IFRS. See Note 5, First-time Adoption.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

46. Merger Expenses:

During 2008, the following expenses were recorded as a result of the merger between Banco de Chile and Citibank Chile:

 

     2008
MCh$

Staff severance indemnities and personnel bonuses

   34,962

Write-off of Property and equipment and Intangible assets

   3,374

Computer development

   2,020

Advertising

   1,559

Trading and other personnel expenses

   978

Other

   1,869
    

Total

   44,762
    

These costs were not recognized as acquisition costs because they are not directly attributable to the acquisition.

47. New Accounting Pronouncements:

The following accounting pronouncements will be relevant to Banco de Chile and subsidiaries but were not effective as of December 31, 2009 and therefore, have not been applied in preparing these financial statements.

IFRS 3 and IAS 27

In January 2008, the IASB issued a revised version of IFRS 3, “Business Combinations” (“IFRS 3 R”), and an amended version of IAS 27, “Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements” (“IAS 27 R”). IFRS 3 R reconsiders the application of acquisition accounting for business combinations and IAS 27 R mainly relates to changes in the accounting for noncontrolling interests and the loss of control of a subsidiary. Under IFRS 3 R, the acquirer can elect to measure any noncontrolling interest on a transaction-by-transaction basis, either at fair value as of the acquisition date or at its proportionate interest in the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree. When an acquisition is achieved in successive share purchases (step acquisition), the identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree are recognized at fair value when control is obtained. A gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss for the difference between the fair value of the previously held equity interest in the acquiree and its carrying amount. IAS 27 R also requires the effects of all transactions with noncontrolling interests to be recorded in equity if there is no change in control.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

47. New Accounting Pronouncements, continued:

 

IFRS 3 and IAS 27, continued:

 

Transactions resulting in a loss of control, result in a gain or loss being recognized in profit or loss. The gain or loss includes a remeasurement to fair value of any retained equity interest in the investee. In addition, all items of consideration transferred by the acquirer are measured and recognized at fair value, including contingent consideration, as of the acquisition date. Transaction costs incurred by the acquirer in connection with the business combination do not form part of the cost of the business combination transaction but are expensed as incurred unless they relate to the issuance of debt or equity securities, in which case they are accounted for under IAS 39, “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. IFRS 3 R and IAS 27 R are effective for business combinations in annual periods beginning on or after July 1, 2009, with early application permitted provided that both Standards are applied together.

IFRS 5 “Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discounted Operations”

Improvements effected in May 2008 modified various paragraphs of IFRS 5, where is clarified that required disclosures with respect to non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale or discontinued operations are only detailed in IFRS 5. Disclosure requirements of other IFRS only apply if specifically required for such non-current assets or discontinued operations. As a result of this modification, the disclosure regarding IFRS 8 “Operating Segments” must be modified. Its application is effective for annual periods that start as of January 1, 2010. The Bank evaluated the impact generated by the mentioned norm and concluded that it won’t significantly affect the financial statements.

Improvements to IFRS 2009

In April 2009, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS, which resulted from the IASB’s annual improvement project. They comprise amendments that result in accounting changes for presentation, recognition or measurement purposes as well as terminology or editorial amendments related to a variety of individual IFRS standards. Most of the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2010, with earlier application permitted. The adoption of the amendments is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of Banco de Chile and subsidiaries.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

47. New Accounting Pronouncements, continued:

 

IFRS 9

In November 2009, the IASB issued IFRS 9, “Financial Instruments”, as a first step in its project to replace IAS 39, “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. IFRS 9 introduces new requirements for how an entity should classify and measure financial assets that are in the scope of IAS 39. The standard requires all financial assets to be classified on the basis of the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets, and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if two criteria are met: (a) the objective of the business model is to hold the financial asset for the collection of the contractual cash flows, and (b) the contractual cash flows under the instrument solely represent payments of principal and interest. If a financial asset meets the criteria to be measured at amortized cost, it can be designated at fair value through profit or loss under the fair value option, if doing so would significantly reduce or eliminate an accounting mismatch. If a financial asset does not meet the business model and contractual terms criteria to be measured at amortized cost, then it is subsequently measured at fair value. IFRS 9 also removes the requirement to separate embedded derivatives from financial asset hosts.

It requires a hybrid contract with a financial asset host to be classified in its entirety at either amortized cost or fair value. IFRS 9 requires reclassifications when the entity’s business model changes, which is expected to be an infrequent occurrence; in this case, the entity is required to reclassify affected financial assets prospectively.

There is specific guidance for contractually linked instruments that create concentrations of credit risk, which is often the case with investment tranches in a securitization. In addition to assessing the instrument itself against the IFRS 9 classification criteria, management should also ‘look through’ to the underlying pool of instruments that generate cash flows to assess their characteristics. To qualify for amortized cost, the investment must have equal or lower credit risk than the weighted-average credit risk in the underlying pool of instruments, and those instruments must meet certain criteria. If a ‘look through’ is impracticable, the tranche must be classified at fair value through profit or loss. Under IFRS 9, all equity investments should be measured at fair value. However, management has an option to present directly in equity unrealized and realized fair value gains and losses on equity investments that are not held-for-trading. Such designation is available on initial recognition on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. There is no subsequent recycling of fair value gains and losses to profit or loss; however, dividends from such investments will continue to be recognized in profit or loss. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, with earlier application permitted. IFRS 9 should be applied retrospectively; however, if adopted before January 1, 2012, comparative periods do not need to be restated. In addition, entities adopting before January 1, 2011 are allowed to designate any date between the date of issuance of IFRS 9 and January 1, 2011, as the date of initial application that will be the date upon which the classification of financial assets will be determined. While approved by the IASB, the standard has yet to be endorsed by the Superintendency of Banks. Banco de Chile and subsidiaries are currently evaluating the potential impact that the adoption of the amendments will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

47. New Accounting Pronouncements, continued:

 

IAS 24

In November 2009, the IASB issued a revised version of IAS 24, “Related Party Disclosures” (“IAS 24 R”). IAS 24 R provides a partial exemption from the disclosure requirements for government-related entities and clarifies the definition of a related party. The revised standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2011, with earlier application permitted. Banco de Chile and subsidiaries are currently evaluating the potential impact that the adoption of IAS 24 R will have on its consolidated financial statements.

IFRIC 19 “Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments”

In November 2009, the IASB issued IFRIC 19 “Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments”. This interpretation provides guidelines on how to record the cancellation of a financial liability through the issuance of equity instruments. The IFRIC concluded that the issuance of equity instruments in order to extinguish an obligation is constituted by the consideration paid. The consideration paid shall be measured at the fair value of the equity instruments issued, unless that fair value cannot be reliably measured, in which case the equity instruments must be measured to reflect the fair value of the financial liability extinguished. Its application is effective for annual periods that start after January 1, 2011, with the option of earlier application. The bank estimates that this norm will not have an impact on its financial statements.

IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements”

Before the issuance of the IAS 1 amendments, the norm required that the entity presented a reconciliation of the changes for each component of equity. In the amendments to IFRS issued in May 2010, the IASB clarifies that entities may present an analysis of other comprehensive income for each component of equity, either in the statement of changes in equity or in the notes to the financial statements. Its application is obligatory for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2011. The Bank is still evaluating the impacts that the mentioned norm could generate in its financial statements.

Improvements to IFRS 2010

In April 2010, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS, which resulted from the IASB’s annual improvement project. They comprise amendments that result in accounting changes for presentation, recognition or measurement purposes as well as terminology or editorial amendments related to six individual IFRS standards and one interpretation. Most of the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2011, with earlier application permitted. The adoption of the amendments is not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements of Banco de Chile and subsidiaries.

 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, Continued

 

 

 

48. Subsequent Events:

In Ordinary Meeting N° BCH 2,705 on January 29, 2010, the Bank’s Board of Directors agreed to call an Ordinary Shareholders’ Meeting for March 25, 2010 to propose, among other matters, distributing dividend N° 198, payable with a charge to net income for the year ended December 31, 2009, corresponding to 100% of Banco de Chile’s net income. This dividend will be Ch$3.496813 per currently subscribed and paid share of Banco de Chile.

On February 27, 2010 an earthquake struck the Southern Central zone of Chile. The earthquake and the resulting tsunami affected several of the Bank’s facilities and its clients. As of today, the Bank expects the effect on its net income to be close to Ch$5 million resulting from the impairment of its own property and equipment and investment property as well as impairment of loans to customers and other receivables. The Bank is still in the process of analyzing total damages to reach a reliable estimate of the incurred losses. The Bank’s own buildings and other property and equipment are duly insured against earthquake damages. In general, the Bank’s operations have not suffered such damages that would hinder operating at normal capacity.

All facilities, buildings, equipment and other property and equipment, are duly insured against damage risks, including fire and earthquake cover.

Between December 31, 2009 and the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, Management is not aware of any other significant subsequent events that affect or could affect the consolidated financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries.

 

 

 

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SIGNATURE

The registrant, Banco de Chile, hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

 

BANCO DE CHILE
By   /S/    ARTURO TAGLE Q.        
Name:   Arturo Tagle Q.
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Date: June 29, 2010